Wednesday, December 22, 2021

Word Meanings 2021-Dec-20



Index of Word Meanings
dopey
/ˈdəʊpi/
Learn to pronounce
adjectiveINFORMAL
stupefied by sleep or a drug.
"she was under sedation and a bit dopey"
Similar:
dazed
confused
muddled
befuddled
bewildered
disoriented
disorientated
stupefied
groggy
dizzy
woozy
muzzy
woolly
woolly-headed
not with it
discombobulated
Opposite:
alert
very foolish; idiotic.
"did you ever hear such dopey names?"

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concomitant
/kənˈkɒmɪt(ə)nt/
Learn to pronounce
FORMAL
adjective
adjective: concomitant
naturally accompanying or associated.
"she loved travel, with all its concomitant worries"
Similar:
attendant
accompanying
associated
collateral
related
connected
linked
accessory
auxiliary
resultant
resulting
consequent
Opposite:
unrelated
noun
noun: concomitant; plural noun: concomitants
a phenomenon that naturally accompanies or follows something.
"he sought promotion without the necessary concomitant of hard work"
Origin

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glossary
/ˈɡlɒs(ə)ri/
Learn to pronounce
noun
an alphabetical list of words relating to a specific subject, text, or dialect, with explanations; a brief dictionary.
"a glossary of Inuktitut words"

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offset
verb
gerund or present participle: offsetting
/ˈɒfsɛt,ɒfˈsɛt/
1.
counteract (something) by having an equal and opposite force or effect.
"donations to charities can be offset against tax"
Similar:
counterbalance
balance
balance out
cancel
cancel out
even out/up
counteract
counterpoise
countervail
equalize
neutralize
nullify
compensate for
make up for
make good
redeem
indemnify
atone for
redress
make amends for
make restitution for
equilibrize
2.
place out of line.
"several places where the ridge was offset at right angles to its length"
3.
(of ink or a freshly printed page) transfer an impression to the next leaf or sheet.
"there was some offsetting on to text"

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debacle
/deɪˈbɑːk(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: debacle; plural noun: debacles
a sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.
"the only man to reach double figures in the second-innings debacle"
Similar:
fiasco
failure
catastrophe
disaster
disintegration
mess
wreck
ruin
downfall
collapse
defeat
rout
overthrow
conquest
trouncing
foul-up
screw-up
hash
botch
washout
fail
cock-up
pig's ear
car crash
snafu
vulgar slangfuck-up
balls-up
Origin

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wile1
/wʌɪl/
Learn to pronounce
noun
plural noun: wiles
devious or cunning stratagems employed in manipulating or persuading someone to do what one wants.
"she didn't employ any feminine wiles to capture his attention"
Similar:
tricks
ruses
ploys
schemes
dodges
manoeuvres
gambits
subterfuges
cunning stratagems
artifices
devices
contrivances
guile
artfulness
art
cunning
craftiness
verb
3rd person present: wiles
1.
ARCHAIC
lure; entice.
"she could be neither driven nor wiled into the parish kirk"
2.
another way of saying while something away (see while).
"the gang had played monopoly as they wiled away the hours"
Origin

Middle English: perhaps from an Old Norse word related to vél ‘craft’.

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axiomatic
/ˌaksɪəˈmatɪk/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: axiomatic
self-evident or unquestionable.
"it is axiomatic that dividends have to be financed"
Similar:
self-evident
unquestionable
undeniable
accepted
understood
given
granted
apodictic
indemonstrable
MATHEMATICS
relating to or containing axioms.
"1914 saw the first axiomatic declaration of exactly what constitutes a ring"
Origin

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malaise
/maˈleɪz/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: malaise; plural noun: malaises
a general feeling of discomfort, illness, or unease whose exact cause is difficult to identify.
"a general air of malaise"
Similar:
unhappiness
restlessness
uneasiness
unease
melancholy
depression
despondency
dejection
disquiet
trouble
anxiety
anguish
angst
ailment(s)
ills
lassitude
listlessness
languor
weariness
enervation
doldrums
weakness
feebleness
debility
indisposition
infirmity
illness
sickness
disease
discomfort
Weltschmerz
ennui
Opposite:
comfort
well-being
Origin

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conspectus
/kənˈspɛktəs/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: conspectus; plural noun: conspectuses
a summary or overview of a subject.
"new recordings containing five of his works give a rich conspectus of his art"
Origin

mid 19th century: from Latin, past participle (used as a noun) of conspicere ‘look at attentively’.

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adroit
/əˈdrɔɪt/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: adroit; comparative adjective: adroiter; superlative adjective: adroitest
clever or skilful.
"he was adroit at tax avoidance"
Similar:
skilful
adept
dexterous
deft
agile
nimble
nimble-fingered
handy
able
capable
competent
skilled
expert
masterly
masterful
master
practised
polished
slick
proficient
accomplished
gifted
talented
peerless
quick-witted
quick-thinking
quick
clever
intelligent
brilliant
bright
smart
sharp
cunning
artful
wily
resourceful
astute
shrewd
canny
ingenious
inventive
nifty
nippy
crack
mean
wicked
wizard
demon
ace
A1
on the ball
savvy
genius
crackerjack
compleat
rathe
Opposite:
clumsy
incompetent
Origin

mid 17th century: from French, from à droit ‘according to right, properly’.
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twirl
/twəːl/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: twirl; 3rd person present: twirls; past tense: twirled; past participle: twirled; gerund or present participle: twirling
spin quickly and lightly round, especially repeatedly.
"she twirled in delight to show off her new dress"
Similar:
spin (round)
pirouette
whirl
turn (round)
wheel
gyrate
pivot
swivel
twist
revolve
rotate
birl
cause to rotate.
"she twirled her fork in the pasta"
Similar:
wind
twist
coil
curl
wrap
noun
noun: twirl; plural noun: twirls
an act of spinning.
"Kate did a twirl in front of the mirror"
Similar:
pirouette
spin
whirl
turn
twist
rotation
revolution
gyration
birl
a spiralling or swirling shape, especially a flourish made with a pen.
"on the lid was a name written in old-fashioned twirls"
Origin

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baloney
/bəˈləʊni/
Learn to pronounce
nounINFORMAL
noun: baloney; plural noun: baloneys
1.
foolish or deceptive talk; nonsense.
"I don't buy it—it's all a load of baloney"
2.
NORTH AMERICAN
variant of bologna.
Origin

1920s: baloney (sense 1) said to be a corruption of bologna.

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crescendo
/krɪˈʃɛndəʊ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: crescendo; plural noun: crescendos; plural noun: crescendi
1.
the loudest point reached in a gradually increasing sound.
"the port engine's sound rose to a crescendo"
a gradually increasing sound.
"a crescendo of shrieks built until the entire auditorium was filled"
2.
the highest point reached in a progressive increase of intensity.
"the hysteria reached a crescendo around the spring festival"
a progressive increase in intensity.
"there were six months of gradual crescendo then three weeks of total mayhem"
3.
MUSIC
a gradual increase in loudness in a piece of music.
"each time the key changes, there is a gradual crescendo"
a passage of music marked or performed with a crescendo.
adverbMUSIC
adverb: crescendo
with a gradual increase in loudness.
"in the upper three parts there are groups of longer notes played crescendo"
adjectiveMUSIC
adjective: crescendo
gradually increasing in loudness.
"a short crescendo kettledrum roll"
verb
verb: crescendo; 3rd person present: crescendoes; past tense: crescendoed; past participle: crescendoed; gerund or present participle: crescendoing
increase in loudness or intensity.
"the reluctant cheers began to crescendo"
Origin

late 18th century: Italian, present participle of crescere ‘to increase’, from Latin crescere ‘grow’.

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hobble
/ˈhɒb(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: hobbling
1.
walk in an awkward way, typically because of pain from an injury.
"he was hobbling around on crutches"
Similar:
limp
walk with a limp
walk with difficulty
move unsteadily
walk unevenly
walk lamely
walk haltingly
shuffle
shamble
falter
totter
dodder
stagger
stumble
reel
lurch
hirple
Opposite:
stride
2.
tie or strap together (the legs of a horse or other animal) to prevent it from straying.
cause (a person or animal) to limp.
"Johnson was still hobbled slightly by an ankle injury"
restrict the activity or development of.
"the economy was hobbled by rising oil prices"
Origin

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turnpike
/ˈtəːnpʌɪk/
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Roads
Military History
noun
plural noun: turnpikes
1.
HISTORICAL
a toll gate.
a road on which a toll was collected at a toll gate.
noun: turnpike road; plural noun: turnpike roads
US
a motorway on which a toll is charged.
2.
HISTORICAL
a spiked barrier fixed in or across a road or passage as a defence against sudden attack.

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gung-ho
/ɡʌŋˈhəʊ/
adjective
adjective: gung-ho
unthinkingly enthusiastic and eager, especially about taking part in fighting or warfare.
"the gung-ho tabloids have wrapped themselves in the Union Jack"
Origin

Second World War: from Chinese gōnghé, taken to mean ‘work together’ and adopted as a slogan by US Marines.

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whisker
/ˈwɪskə/
Learn to pronounce
Filter definitions by topic
See definitions in:
All
Biology
Chemistry
noun
noun: whisker; plural noun: whiskers; noun: a whisker
1.
a long projecting hair or bristle growing from the face or snout of many mammals.




the hair growing on a man's face, especially on his cheeks.
2.
INFORMAL
a very small amount.
"they won the election by a whisker"
3.
a single crystal of a material in the form of a filament with no dislocations.
Phrases
have whiskers
(especially of a story) be very old.
within a whisker of
extremely close or near to doing, achieving, or suffering something. "Jarvis came within a whisker of winning the game"
Origin

late Middle English (originally denoting a bundle of feathers, twigs, etc., used for whisking): from the verb whisk + -er1.
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protracted
/prəˈtraktɪd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual.
"a protracted and bitter dispute"
Similar:
prolonged
extended
stretched out
drawn out
long-drawn-out

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enunciate
/ɪˈnʌnsɪeɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: enunciate; 3rd person present: enunciates; past tense: enunciated; past participle: enunciated; gerund or present participle: enunciating
say or pronounce clearly.
"she enunciated each word slowly"
Similar:
pronounce
articulate
say
speak
utter
express
voice
vocalize
sound
mouth
get one's tongue round
enounce
express (a proposition, theory, etc.) in clear or definite terms.
"a written document enunciating this policy"
Similar:
express
utter
state
give voice/expression to
put into words
give utterance to
declare
profess
set forth
assert
affirm
put forward
raise
table
air
ventilate
propound
proclaim
promulgate
publish
broadcast
preach
come out with
Origin

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envisage
/ɪnˈvɪzɪdʒ,ɛnˈvɪzɪdʒ/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: envisage; 3rd person present: envisages; past tense: envisaged; past participle: envisaged; gerund or present participle: envisaging
contemplate or conceive of as a possibility or a desirable future event.
"the Rome Treaty envisaged free movement across frontiers"
Similar:
foresee
predict
forecast
foretell
anticipate
expect
think likely
envision
intend
propose
mean
imagine
contemplate
visualize
picture
see in one's mind's eye
conceive of
think of
understand
grasp
appreciate
apprehend
ideate
form a mental picture of (something not yet existing or known).
"he knew what he liked but had difficulty envisaging it"
Origin

early 19th century: from French envisager, from en- ‘in’ + visage ‘face’.

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shrewd
/ʃruːd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: shrewd; comparative adjective: shrewder; superlative adjective: shrewdest
1.
having or showing sharp powers of judgement; astute.
"she was shrewd enough to guess the motive behind his gesture"
Similar:
astute
sharp-witted
sharp
acute
intelligent
clever
alert
canny
media-savvy
perceptive
perspicacious
observant
discriminating
sagacious
sage
wise
far-seeing
far-sighted
cunning
artful
crafty
wily
calculating
disingenuous
on the ball
smart
savvy
suss
pawky
heads-up
long-headed
sapient
argute
have all one's wits about one
Opposite:
stupid
unwise
ingenuous
2.
ARCHAIC
(especially of weather) piercingly cold.
"a shrewd east wind"
(of a blow) severe.
"a bayonet's shrewd thrust"
mischievous; malicious.
Origin

Middle English (in the sense ‘evil in nature or character’): from shrew in the sense ‘evil person or thing’, or as the past participle of obsolete shrew ‘to curse’. The word developed the sense ‘cunning’, and gradually gained a favourable connotation during the 17th century.

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verisimilitude
/ˌvɛrɪsɪˈmɪlɪtjuːd/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: verisimilitude
the appearance of being true or real.
"the detail gives the novel some verisimilitude"
Origin

early 17th century: from Latin verisimilitudo, from verisimilis ‘probable’, from veri (genitive of verus ‘true’) + similis ‘like’.

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precarious
/prɪˈkɛːrɪəs/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: precarious
not securely held or in position; dangerously likely to fall or collapse.
"a precarious ladder"
dependent on chance; uncertain.
"he made a precarious living as a painter"
Similar:
uncertain
insecure
unreliable
unsure
unpredictable
undependable
risky
hazardous
dangerous
unsafe
hanging by a thread
hanging in the balance
perilous
treacherous
on a slippery slope
on thin ice
touch-and-go
built on sand
doubtful
dubious
delicate
tricky
problematic
unsettled
unstable
unsteady
shaky
rocky
wobbly
dicey
chancy
hairy
iffy
dodgy
parlous
Opposite:
safe
secure
Origin

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tenaciously
/tɪˈneɪʃəsli/
Learn to pronounce
adverb
adverb: tenaciously
with a firm hold of something; closely.
"he tenaciously gripped the struts to keep from falling"
in a determined or unwavering manner.
"people fought tenaciously to have the school restored"

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glut
/ɡlʌt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: glutted; past participle: glutted
supply or fill to excess.
"the roads are glutted with cars"
Similar:
cram full
fill to excess
overfill
overload
oversupply
saturate
supersaturate
flood
inundate
deluge
swamp
choke
clog
stuff
ARCHAIC
satisfy fully.
"he planned a treacherous murder to glut his desire for revenge"
Origin

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felicity
/fɪˈlɪsɪti/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: felicity
1.
intense happiness.
"domestic felicity"
Similar:
happiness
joy
joyfulness
joyousness
rapture
bliss
euphoria
delight
cheer
cheerfulness
gaiety
contentedness
satisfaction
pleasure
fulfilment
transports
Opposite:
unhappiness
2.
the ability to find appropriate expression for one's thoughts.
"he exposed the kernel of the matter with his customary elegance and felicity"
Similar:
eloquence
aptness
appropriateness
appropriacy
suitability
suitableness
applicability
fitness
relevance
pertinence
correctness
rightness
Opposite:
inappropriateness
a particularly effective feature of a work of literature or art.
plural noun: felicities
"a book full of minor felicities"
Origin


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converse1
verb
verb: converse; 3rd person present: converses; past tense: conversed; past participle: conversed; gerund or present participle: conversing
/kənˈvəːs/
engage in conversation.
"she was withdrawn and preoccupied, hardly able to converse with her mother"
Similar:
talk
speak
chat
have a conversation
have a talk
have a discussion
discourse
confer
parley
consult with each other
chatter
gossip
chew the fat
chew the rag
gab
jaw
powwow
have a confab
natter
rabbit
witter
chunter
rap
shoot the breeze
shoot the bull
conversate
mag
confabulate
nounARCHAIC
noun: converse; plural noun: converses
/ˈkɒnvəːs/
conversation.
"his converse at such seasons was always elevating"
Origin

late Middle English (in the sense ‘live among, be familiar with’): from Old French converser, from Latin conversari ‘keep company (with’), from con- ‘with’ + versare, frequentative of vertere ‘to turn’. The current sense of the verb dates from the early 17th century.
converse2
/ˈkɒnvəːs/
noun
noun: converse; plural noun: converses
a situation, object, or statement that is the reverse of another or corresponds to it but with certain terms transposed.
"if spirituality is properly political, the converse is also true: politics is properly spiritual"
Similar:
opposite
reverse
obverse
inverse
contrary
antithesis
other side of the coin
per contra
flip side
MATHEMATICS
a theorem whose hypothesis and conclusion are the conclusion and hypothesis of another.
adjective
adjective: converse
having characteristics which are the reverse of something else already mentioned.
"the only mode of change will be the slow process of growth and the converse process of decay"
Similar:
opposite
opposing
contrary
counter
antithetical
clashing
incompatible
in disagreement
disagreeing
conflicting
differing
reverse
obverse
inverse
Origin

late Middle English: from Latin conversus ‘turned about’, past participle of convertere (see convert).

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confrère
/ˈkɒnfrɛː/
noun
noun: confrère; plural noun: confrères
a fellow member of a profession.
"Pooley's police confrères"
Origin

mid 18th century: French, from medieval Latin confrater, from con- ‘together with’ + frater ‘brother’.

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sobriquet
/ˈsəʊbrɪkeɪ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: sobriquet; plural noun: sobriquets; noun: soubriquet; plural noun: soubriquets
a person's nickname.
"she was a vast and haughty person who answered to the sobriquet ‘Duchesse’"
Origin

mid 17th century: French, originally in the sense ‘tap under the chin’, of unknown origin.

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resurgent
/rɪˈsəːdʒ(ə)nt/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
increasing or reviving after a period of little activity, popularity, or occurrence.
"resurgent nationalism"

--

anathema
/əˈnaθəmə/
Learn to pronounce
noun
1.
something or someone that one vehemently dislikes.
"racial hatred was anathema to her"
Similar:
abhorrent
hateful
odious
repugnant
repellent
offensive
abomination
abhorrence
aversion
monstrosity
outrage
evil
disgrace
bane
bugbear
bête noire
pariah
2.
a formal curse by a pope or a council of the Church, excommunicating a person or denouncing a doctrine.
"the Pope laid special emphasis on the second of these anathemas"
Similar:
curse
ban
excommunication
damnation
proscription

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assay
/əˈseɪ,ˈaseɪ/
See definitions in:
All
Metallurgy
Biochemistry
Chemistry
noun
the testing of a metal or ore to determine its ingredients and quality.
"submission of plate for assay"
Similar:
evaluation
assessment
analysis
examination
test
trial
check
inspection
appraisal
investigation
scrutiny
probe




verb
1.
determine the content or quality of (a metal or ore).
"the man who assayed gold was more than a technician"
2.
ARCHAIC
attempt.
"I assayed a little joke of mine on him"

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protracted
/prəˈtraktɪd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: protracted
lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual.
"a protracted and bitter dispute"
Similar:
prolonged
extended
stretched out
drawn out
long-drawn-out
lengthened
lengthy
long
overlong
dragged out
spun out
strung out
sustained
marathon
interminable
never-ending
endless
lingering
slow
time-consuming
long-winded
verbose
prolix
wordy
rambling
protract
/prəˈtrakt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: protracted; past participle: protracted
prolong.
"he had certainly taken his time, even protracting the process"
Similar:
prolong
extend
extend the duration of
stretch out
draw out
lengthen
make longer
elongate
drag out
spin out
string out
carry on
continue
keep up
keep something going
go on with
perpetuate
sustain
wire-draw
Opposite:
curtail
shorten
Origin

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genus
/ˈdʒiːnəs,ˈdʒɛnəs/
Learn to pronounce
nounBIOLOGY
noun: genus; plural noun: genera
a principal taxonomic category that ranks above species and below family, and is denoted by a capitalized Latin name, e.g. Leo.
Similar:
group
subdivision
subfamily




(in philosophical and general use) a class of things that have common characteristics and that can be divided into subordinate kinds.
Similar:
type
sort
kind
genre
style
variety
category
class
species
breed
brand
make
model
family
stamp
cast
ilk
kidney
division
subdivision
section
department
compartment
Origin

mid 16th century: from Latin, ‘birth, race, stock’.

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vindicate
/ˈvɪndɪkeɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: vindicated; past participle: vindicated
clear (someone) of blame or suspicion.
"hospital staff were vindicated by the inquest verdict"
Similar:
acquit
clear
absolve
free from blame
declare innocent
exonerate
exculpate
discharge
liberate
free
deliver
redeem
let off
let off the hook
Opposite:
convict
blame
incriminate
show or prove to be right, reasonable, or justified.
"more sober views were vindicated by events"
Similar:
justify
warrant
substantiate
establish
demonstrate
ratify
authenticate
verify
confirm
corroborate
prove
defend
offer grounds for
support
back
evidence
bear out
bear witness to
endorse
give credence to
lend weight to
extenuate
Opposite:
disprove
Origin

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vagary
/ˈveɪɡ(ə)ri/
Learn to pronounce
noun
plural noun: vagaries
an unexpected and inexplicable change in a situation or in someone's behaviour.
"the vagaries of the weather"
Similar:
quirk
idiosyncrasy
peculiarity
oddity
eccentricity
unpredictability
fluctuation
foible
whim
whimsy
notion
conceit
caprice
fancy
kink
crotchet
hang-up
thing
megrim
singularity
Origin

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promulgate
/ˈprɒm(ə)lɡeɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: promulgate; 3rd person present: promulgates; past tense: promulgated; past participle: promulgated; gerund or present participle: promulgating
promote or make widely known (an idea or cause).
"these objectives have to be promulgated within the organization"
Similar:
make known
make public
publicize
spread
communicate
propagate
disseminate
circulate
broadcast
promote
announce
proclaim
bruit about
put (a law or decree) into effect by official proclamation.
"in January 1852 the new Constitution was promulgated"
Similar:
put into effect
enact
implement
enforce
pass
Origin

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intrepid
/ɪnˈtrɛpɪd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: intrepid
fearless; adventurous (often used for rhetorical or humorous effect).
"our intrepid reporter"
Similar:
fearless
unafraid
undaunted
dauntless
undismayed
unalarmed
unflinching
unshrinking
unblenching
unabashed
bold
daring
audacious
adventurous
dashing
heroic
dynamic
spirited
mettlesome
confident
indomitable
brave
courageous
valiant
valorous
stout-hearted
lionhearted
stalwart
plucky
gutsy
spunky
game
ballsy
go-ahead
have-a-go
doughty
venturous
Opposite:
fearful
cowardly
Origin

--
circumspect
/ˈsəːkəmspɛkt/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
wary and unwilling to take risks.
"the officials were very circumspect in their statements"
Similar:
cautious
wary
careful
chary
guarded
on one's guard

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detract
/dɪˈtrakt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
3rd person present: detracts
1.
diminish the worth or value of (a quality or achievement).
"these quibbles in no way detract from her achievement"
Similar:
belittle
take away from
diminish
reduce
lessen
minimize
lower
make light of
play down
discount
soft-pedal
brush aside
gloss over
trivialize
decry
depreciate
denigrate
devalue
devaluate
deprecate
pooh-pooh
hold cheap
derogate
misprize
minify
Opposite:
enhance
2.
cause someone or something to be distracted or diverted from.
"the complaint was timed to detract attention from the ethics issue"

--

vindication
/vɪndɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: vindication; plural noun: vindications
the action of clearing someone of blame or suspicion.
"I intend to work to ensure my full vindication"
proof that someone or something is right, reasonable, or justified.
"the results were interpreted as vindication of the company's policy"

--

discomfit
/dɪsˈkʌmfɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: discomfiting
make (someone) feel uneasy or embarrassed.
"he was not noticeably discomfited by her tone"
Similar:
embarrass
make uncomfortable
make uneasy
abash
disconcert

--

Bipolar disorder
Also called: manic depression

A disorder associated with episodes of mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs.
The exact cause of bipolar disorder isn’t known, but a combination of genetics, environment and altered brain structure and chemistry may play a role.
Manic episodes may include symptoms such as high energy, reduced need for sleep and loss of touch with reality. Depressive episodes may include symptoms such as low energy, low motivation and loss of interest in daily activities. Mood episodes last days to months at a time and may also be associated with suicidal thoughts.
Treatment is usually lifelong and often involves a combination of medications and psychotherapy.
Very common
More than 10 million cases per year (India)
Treatment can help, but this condition can't be cured
Chronic: can last for years or be lifelong
Requires a medical diagnosis
Lab tests or imaging not required

--

pelvis
/ˈpɛlvɪs/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: pelvis; plural noun: pelves; plural noun: pelvises; noun: renal pelvis; plural noun: renal pelves; plural noun: renal pelvises
1.
the large bony frame near the base of the spine to which the hindlimbs or legs are attached in humans and many other vertebrates.
the part of the abdomen including or enclosed by the pelvis.
2.
the broadened top part of the ureter into which the kidney tubules drain.
Origin

--

saddle
/ˈsad(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
Filter definitions by topic
See definitions in:
All
Riding
Racing
verb
past tense: saddled; past participle: saddled
1.
put a saddle on (a horse).
"he was in the stable saddling up his horse"
(of a trainer) enter (a horse) for a race.
"he saddles Native Mission in today's Tote Gold Trophy Hurdle at Newbury"
2.
burden (someone) with an onerous responsibility or task.
"he's saddled with debts of $12 million"
Similar:
burden
encumber
lumber
hamper
weigh down
land
charge
inflict something on
impose something on
thrust something on
unload something on
fob something off on to
Origin

--
itsy-bitsy
/ɪtsɪˈbɪtsi/
adjectiveINFORMAL
adjective: itty-bitty
very small; tiny.
"itsy-bitsy candles that couldn't light the path of an ant"

Adjective. itty (comparative ittier, superlative ittiest) (informal) Extremely small; itty-bitty.


--

wily
/ˈwʌɪli/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
comparative adjective: wilier
skilled at gaining an advantage, especially deceitfully.
"his wily opponents"
Similar:
shrewd
clever
sharp
sharp-witted
astute
canny
smart
crafty
cunning
artful
sly
scheming
calculating
guileful
disingenuous
devious
Machiavellian
deceitful
deceptive
Janus-faced
dishonest
cheating
double-dealing
tricky
foxy
fly
pawky
heads-up
slim
subtle
vulpine
carny
Opposite:
naive
guileless

--

elephantiasis
/ˌɛlɪf(ə)nˈtʌɪəsɪs/
Learn to pronounce
nounMEDICINE
a condition in which a limb or other part of the body becomes grossly enlarged due to obstruction of the lymphatic vessels, typically by the nematode parasites which cause filariasis.

--
farcical
/ˈfɑːsɪk(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
relating to or resembling farce, especially because of absurd or ridiculous aspects.
"he considered the whole idea farcical"
Similar:
ridiculous
preposterous
ludicrous
absurd
laughable
risible
nonsensical

--

sucker
/ˈsʌkə/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: suckered; past participle: suckered
1.
INFORMAL•NORTH AMERICAN
fool or trick (someone).
"they got suckered into accepting responsibility"
2.
BOTANY
(of a plant) produce suckers.
"it spread rapidly after being left undisturbed to sucker"

--

abound
/əˈbaʊnd/
Learn to pronounce
verb
3rd person present: abounds
exist in large numbers or amounts.
"rumours of a further scandal abound"
Similar:
be plentiful
be abundant
be numerous
proliferate
superabound
thrive
flourish
be thick on the ground
grow on trees
be two/ten a penny
abundant
plentiful
superabundant
considerable
copious
ample
lavish
luxuriant
profuse
boundless
munificent
bountiful
prolific
inexhaustible
generous
galore
plenteous
Opposite:
be scarce
meagre
scanty
have in large numbers or amounts.
"this area abounds with caravan sites"
Similar:
be full of
overflow with
teem with
be packed with
be crowded with
be thronged with


--

ditto
/ˈdɪtəʊ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: ditto; plural noun: dittos
the same thing again (used in lists and accounts and often indicated by a ditto mark under the word or figure to be repeated).
INFORMAL
used to indicate that something already said is applicable a second time.
"if one folds his arms, so does the other; if one crosses his legs, ditto"
Origin

early 17th century (in the sense ‘in the aforesaid month’): from Tuscan dialect, variant of Italian detto ‘said’, from Latin dictus ‘said’.

--

solidarity
/ˌsɒlɪˈdarɪti/
Learn to pronounce
noun
1.
unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a common interest; mutual support within a group.
"factory workers voiced solidarity with the striking students"
Similar:
unanimity
unity
like-mindedness
agreement
accord
harmony
consensus
concord
concurrence
singleness of purpose
community of interest
mutual support
cooperation
cohesion
team spirit
camaraderie
esprit de corps
2.
an independent trade union movement in Poland which developed into a mass campaign for political change and inspired popular opposition to Communist regimes across eastern Europe. Formed in 1980 under the leadership of Lech Wałęsa, it was banned in 1981 following the imposition of martial law. Legalized again in 1989, it won a majority in the elections of that year.

--

whack
/wak/
Learn to pronounce
INFORMAL
verb
verb: whack; 3rd person present: whacks; past tense: whacked; past participle: whacked; gerund or present participle: whacking
strike forcefully with a sharp blow.
"his attacker whacked him on the head"
Similar:
hit
beat
strike
punch
knock
rap
smack
slap
thump
thwack
crack
cudgel
thrash
bang
drub
welt
cuff
buffet
pummel
box someone's ears
bash
clobber
clout
clip
wallop
belt
tan
biff
bop
lay into
pitch into
lace into
let someone have it
sock
lam
whomp
stick one on
slosh
boff
bust
slug
light into
whale
dong
quilt
smite
swinge
defeat in a contest.
"the team were whacked six-nil"
put or push (something) roughly or carelessly in a specified place or direction.
"he whacks a tape into the cassette recorder"
NORTH AMERICAN
murder.
"he was whacked while sitting in his car"
noun
noun: whack; plural noun: whacks
1.
a sharp or resounding blow.
"with a few whacks and some loud whistles, they drove the animals away"
Similar:
blow
hit
punch
thump
thwack
crack
smack
slap
bang
welt
cuff
box
bash
clobber
clout
clip
wallop
belt
biff
bop
sock
lam
whomp
slosh
boff
bust
slug
whale
dong
buffet
2.
a try or attempt.
"we decided to take a whack at spotting the decade's trends"
3.
BRITISH
a specified share of or contribution to something.
"motorists pay a fair whack for the use of the roads through taxes"
4.
NORTH AMERICAN
a large quantity or amount.
Similar:
share
quota
portion
slice
part
allocation
ration
allowance
allotment
amount
quantity
bit
piece
percentage
proportion
section
segment
division
fraction
measure
due
cut
piece/slice of the cake
piece of the action
rake-off
divvy
apportionment
quantum
moiety
Phrases
out of whack
out of order; not working. "all their calculations were out of whack"
top whack
the maximum price or rate. "the car has a top whack of 107 mph"
whack off
masturbate.
Origin

early 18th century: imitative, or perhaps an alteration of thwack.

--

winnow
/ˈwɪnəʊ/

verb
gerund or present participle: winnowing
1.
blow a current of air through (grain) in order to remove the chaff.
"a combine cuts, threshes, and winnows the grain in one operation"
remove (chaff) from grain.
"women winnow the chaff from piles of unhusked rice"
Similar:
    separate
    divide
    sort out
    remove
    get rid of
remove (people or things) from a group until only the best ones are left.
"guidelines that would help winnow out those not fit to be soldiers"
find or identify (a valuable or useful part of something).
"amidst this welter of confusing signals, it's difficult to winnow out the truth"
Similar:
separate out
sift out
filter out
isolate
sort out
find
identify
ferret out
2.
LITERARY
(of the wind) blow.
"the autumn wind winnowing its way through the grass"
(of a bird) fan (the air) with its wings.
"the emperors of the sky winnowing the air"
Origin

--

cesspool
/ˈsɛspuːl/

noun
    an underground container for the temporary storage of liquid waste and sewage.
    a disgusting or corrupt place.
    "the town is not the cesspool you portrayed"

--

sordid
/ˈsɔːdɪd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
1.
involving immoral or dishonourable actions and motives; arousing moral distaste and contempt.
"the story paints a sordid picture of bribes and scams"
Similar:
sleazy
seedy
seamy
unsavoury
shoddy
vile
foul
tawdry
louche
cheap
base
low
low-minded
debased
degenerate
corrupt
dishonest
dishonourable
disreputable
despicable
discreditable
contemptible
ignominious
ignoble
shameful
wretched
abhorrent
abominable
disgusting
sleazoid
Opposite:
high-minded
respectable
2.
dirty or squalid.
"the overcrowded housing conditions were sordid and degrading"
Similar:
dirty
filthy
mucky
grimy
muddy
grubby
shabby
messy
soiled
stained
smeared
smeary
scummy
slimy
sticky
sooty
dusty
unclean
foul
squalid
flea-bitten
slummy
cruddy
grungy
yucky
icky
crummy
scuzzy
manky
gungy
grotty
bogging
scungy
besmirched
Opposite:
immaculate
Tip
Similar-sounding words
sordid is sometimes confused with sorted

--

fritz
/frɪts/

noun INFORMAL • NORTH AMERICAN
(of a machine) stop working properly.
"our TV went on the fritz for two weeks"

--

untruth
/ʌnˈtruːθ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
plural noun: untruths
a lie or false statement (often used euphemistically).
"they go off and tell untruths about organizations for which they worked"
Similar:
lie
falsehood
fib
fabrication
deception
made-up story
trumped-up story
fake news
invention
fiction
piece of fiction
falsification
falsity
cock and bull story
barefaced lie
(little) white lie
half-truth
exaggeration
prevarication
departure from the truth
alternative fact
yarn
story
red herring
rumour
fable
myth
flight of fancy
figment of the imagination
pretence
pretext
sham
ruse
wile
stratagem
misinformation
disinformation
trickery
perjury
dissimulation
gossip
propaganda
tall story
tall tale
fairy story
fairy tale
whopper
porky
pork pie
porky pie
terminological inexactitude
economy with the truth
vulgar slangbullshit
bulldust
the quality of being false.
"the story was full of misleading innuendo and untruth"
Similar:
falsity
falsehood
falseness
untruthfulness
fallaciousness
fiction
fictitiousness
inaccuracy
hollowness
mendacity
fabrication
dishonesty
deceit
deceitfulness
deception
duplicity
disingenuousness
hypocrisy
fraud
fraudulence
kidology
unveracity
Origin

--

bigotry
/ˈbɪɡətri/

noun
intolerance towards those who hold different opinions from oneself.
"the difficulties of combating prejudice and bigotry"
Similar:
    prejudice
    bias
    partiality
    partisanship
    sectarianism
    discrimination

--

fringe
/frɪn(d)ʒ/

Filter definitions by topic
See definitions in:
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Textlies
Clothing
Hairdressing
Biology
Theatre
Optics

noun: fringe; plural noun: fringes; plural noun: the fringes
1.
an ornamental border of threads left loose or formed into tassels or twists, used to edge clothing or material.
"a long grey skirt with a fringe"
Similar:
    edging
    edge
    border
    hem
    trimming
    frill
    flounce
    ruffle
    tassels
    purfle

2.
BRITISH
the front part of a person's hair cut so as to hang over the forehead.
"she smiled as she pushed her fringe back out of her eyes"

a natural border of hair or fibres in an animal or plant.
"a long fringe of hair on the tail"
3.
the outer, marginal, or extreme part of an area, group, or sphere of activity.
"his uncles were on the fringes of crooked activity"
Similar:
unconventional
unorthodox
offbeat
alternative
avant-garde
experimental
innovative
innovatory
radical
extreme
peripheral
unofficial
left-field
off Broadway
way out
perimeter
periphery
border
borderline
margin
rim
outer edge
edge
extremity
limit
outer limits
limits
borders
bounds
outskirts
marches
marge
bourn
skirt
ambit
Opposite:
mainstream
middle
a secondary festival on the periphery of the Edinburgh Festival.
noun: Fringe; noun: the Fringe
"she became noted for her work on the Fringe"
4.
a band of contrasting brightness or darkness produced by diffraction or interference of light.
a strip of false colour in an optical image.
5.
NORTH AMERICAN
    short for fringe benefit.
    "we offer the highest salary and fringes in the country"

verb: fringe; 3rd person present: fringes; past tense: fringed; past participle: fringed; gerund or present participle: fringing
decorate (clothing or material) with a fringe.
"a rich robe of gold, fringed with black velvet"
Similar:
    trim
    hem
    edge
    border
    rim
    bind
    braid
    tassel
    decorate
    adorn
    ornament
    embellish
    finish
    purfle
    befringe
    befrill
form a border around (something).
"the sea is fringed by palm trees"
Similar:
    border
    edge
    bound
    skirt
    line
    hem
    flank
    verge
    surround
    enclose
    encircle
    circle
    encompass
    ring
    circumscribe
    gird
    girdle
    engird
    compass
    environ
(of a plant or animal) having a border of hair or fibre.
adjective: fringed
"the fringed green leaves"
Origin

Middle English: from Old French frenge, based on late Latin fimbria, earlier a plural noun meaning ‘fibres, shreds’.

--

plaintiff
/ˈpleɪntɪf/
Learn to pronounce
nounLAW
a person who brings a case against another in a court of law.
"the plaintiff commenced an action for damages"

--

amicably
/ˈamɪkəbli/
Learn to pronounce
adverb
adverb: amicably
in a friendly and peaceable manner.
"they have amicably resolved their outstanding dispute"

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