1. Natural Language Processing with Python Book by Edward Loper, Ewan Klein, and Steven Bird, 2009, OReilly 2. Speech and Language Processing Book by Daniel Jurafsky and James H. Martin, 2000 3. Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing Book by Christopher D. Manning and Hinrich Schütze, 1999 4. Neural Network Methods in Natural Language Processing Book by Yoav Goldberg, 2017 5. Natural Language Processing with TensorFlow: Teach Language to Machines Using Python's Deep Learning Library Book by Thushan Ganegedara, 2018 6. Natural Language Processing in Action: Understanding, Analyzing, ... Book by Cole Howard, Hannes Hapke, and Hobson Lane, 2019 7. The Oxford Handbook of Computational Linguistics Ruslan Mitkov, 2003 8. Introduction to Natural Language Processing Textbook by Jacob Eisenstein, 2019 9. Natural Language Processing Fundamentals: Build Intelligent Applications that Can Interpret the Human Language to Deliver Impactful Results Book by Dwight Gunning and Sohom Ghosh, 2019 10. Deep Learning in Natural Language Processing Book, 2018 11. Natural Language Processing with PyTorch: Build Intelligent Language Applications Using Deep Learning Book by Brian McMahan and Delip Rao, 2019 12. Applied Text Analysis with Python: Enabling Language-Aware Data Products with Machine Learning Book by Benjamin Bengfort, Rebecca Bilbro, and Tony Ojeda, 2018 13. Hands-On Machine Learning with Scikit-Learn, Keras, and TensorFlow: Concepts, Tools, and Techniques to Build Intelligent Systems Book by Aurelien Geron, 2017 14. Text Mining with R: A Tidy Approach Book by David Robinson and Julia Silge, 2017 15. Handbook of Natural Language Processing Book, 2010 16. Taming Text: How to Find, Organize, and Manipulate It Book by Andrew L. Farris, Grant S. Ingersoll, and Thomas S. Morton, 2013 17. Linguistic Fundamentals for Natural Language Processing: 100 Essentials from Morphology and Syntax Book by Emily M. Bender, 2013 18. Python Natural Language Processing Book by Jalaj Thanaki, 2017 19. Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing Book by Stephan Raaijmakers, 2020 20. Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing: Solve Your Natural Language Processing Problems with Smart Deep Neural Networks Book by Karthiek Reddy Bokka, Shubhangi Hora, and Tanuj Jain, 2019 21. Natural Language Processing and Computational Linguistics: A Practical Guide to Text Analysis with Python, Gensim, SpaCy, and Keras Book by Bhargav Srinivasa-Desikan, 2018 22. Natural Language Processing Recipes: Unlocking Text Data with Machine Learning and Deep Learning Using Python Book by Adarsha Shivananda and Akshay Kulkarni, 2019 23. Hands-On Natural Language Processing with Python: A Practical Guide to Applying Deep Learning Architectures to Your NLP Applications Book by Rajalingappaa Shanmugamani and Rajesh Arumugam, 2018 24. Deep Learning for NLP and Speech Recognition Textbook by James Whitaker, John Liu, and Uday Kamath, 2019 25. Deep Reinforcement Learning Hands-On: Apply Modern RL Methods, with Deep Q-networks, Value Iteration, Policy Gradients, TRPO, AlphaGo Zero and More Book by Maxim Lapan, 2018 26. Natural Language Processing with Java: Techniques for Building Machine Learning and Neural Network Models for NLP, 2nd Edition Book by AshishSingh Bhatia and Richard M. Reese, 2018 27. The Handbook of Computational Linguistics and Natural Language Processing Book, 2010 28. Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing: Creating Neural Networks with Python Book by Karan Jain, Palash Goyal, and Sumit Pandey, 2018 29. Statistical Machine Translation Textbook by Philipp Koehn, 2009 30. Natural Language Processing with Python: Natural Language ... Book by Frank Millstein, 2018 31. Natural Language Processing with Java Book by Richard M. Reese, 2015 32. Python 3 Text Processing with NLTK 3 Cookbook Book by Jacob Perkins, 2010 33. Big Data Analytics Methods: Analytics Techniques in Data Mining, Deep Learning and Natural Language Processing Book by Peter Ghavami, 2019 34. Deep Learning with Python Book by François Chollet, 2017 35. Natural Language Processing with Python and SpaCy: A Practical ... Book by Yuli Vasiliev, 2020 36. Applied Natural Language Processing with Python: Implementing Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms for Natural Language Processing Book by Taweh Beysolow II, 2018 37. FastText Quick Start Guide: Get Started with Facebook's Library for Text Representation and Classification Book by Joydeep Bhattacharjee, 2018 38. Introduction to Machine Learning with Python: A Guide for Data Scientists Book by Andreas C. Müller and Sarah Guido, 2016 39. Python Machine Learning: Machine Learning and Deep Learning with Python, Scikit-learn, and TensorFlow 2, 3rd Edition Book by Sebastian Raschka and Vahid Mirjalili, 2019 40. Natural Language Processing with Python Cookbook: Over 60 Recipes to Implement Text Analytics Solutions Using Deep Learning Principles Book by Krishna Bhavsar and Pratap Dangeti, 2017 41. Prolog and Natural-Language Analysis Book by Fernando C. N. Pereira and Stuart M. Shieber, 1987 42. Natural Language Processing in Artificial Intelligence Book, 2020 43. Deep Learning with TensorFlow 2 and Keras: Regression, ConvNets, GANs, RNNs, NLP, and More with TensorFlow 2 and the Keras API, 2nd Edition Book by Amita Kapoor, Antonio Gulli, and Sujit Pal, 2019 44. Natural Language Processing for Prolog Programmers Book by Michael A. Covington, 1994 45. Python Text Processing with NLTK 2.0 Cookbook: Over 80 Practical Recipes for Using Python's NLTK Suite of Libraries to Maximize Your Natural Language Processing Capabilities Book by Jacob Perkins, 2010 46. Statistical methods for speech recognition Book by Frederick Jelinek, 1997 47. Introduction to information retrieval Book by Christopher D. Manning, Hinrich Schütze, and Prabhakar Raghavan, 1999 48. Natural Language Processing: Python and NLTK Book by Deepti Chopra, Jacob Perkins, and Nitin Hardeniya, 2016 49. You Look Like a Thing and I Love You Novel by Janelle Shane, 2019 Genre: Humour 50. Building Machine Learning Powered Applications: Going from Idea to Product Book by Emmanuel Ameisen, 2020 51. TinyML: Machine Learning with TensorFlow Lite on Arduino and Ultra-Low-Power Microcontrollers Book by Daniel Situnayake and Pete Warden, 2019 52. Getting Started with Google BERT. Build and train state-of-the-art NLP models Sudharsan Ravichandiran Packt (2021)
Monday, February 27, 2023
Natural Language Processing Books (April 2020)
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Gaussian Distribution (or Normal Distribution)
From the book: Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio, Aaron Courville - Deep Learning - The MIT Press (2016)
Normal distributions are a sensible choice for many applications. In the absence of prior knowledge about what form a distribution over the real numbers should take, the normal distribution is a good default choice for two major reasons. First, many distributions we wish to model are truly close to being normal distributions. The central limit theorem shows that the sum of many independent random variables is approximately normally distributed. This means that in practice, many complicated systems can be modeled successfully as normally distributed noise, even if the system can be decomposed into parts with more structured behavior. Second, out of all possible probability distributions with the same variance, the normal distribution encodes the maximum amount of uncertainty over the real numbers. We can thus think of the normal distribution as being the one that inserts the least amount of prior knowledge into a model. Fully developing and justifying this idea requires more mathematical tools and is postponed to section 19.4.2.
Thursday, February 23, 2023
Ahead of Market
`Mirroring a bearish trend in Asian markets, Indian equity indices ended lower for the fifth straight session on Thursday, also the monthly expiry day. Nifty index closed with a marginal loss of 43 points at 17,511. Sector-wise, PSU Bank index was the major gainer – up 0.50%, while Realty declined by around 2%. Globally, concerns over rate hikes by the US Federal Reserve unnerved investors, post the FOMC minutes release. Here's how analysts read the market pulse: “Going ahead, the low of 17,455 is likely to act as immediate support for the falling Nifty. A decisive fall below 17,450 may trigger the resumption of the fall. In that case, it may fall down towards 17,200–17,150. However, failure to break down may induce a recovery towards 17,750–17,850, where the upper band of the falling channel lies,” said Rupak De, Senior Technical Analyst at LKP Securities. The equity market traded cautiously between gains and losses as the minutes of the central bank policy meeting revealed concerns over high inflation and its commitment to bring inflation under control. In response to the heightened fears of rate hikes, the US 10 year treasury yield continued to stay high, near 4%. Additionally, the dollar index rose as the greenback cheered over hawkish Fed comments and rising geopolitical tensions,” said Vinod Nair, Head of Research at Geojit Financial Services. That said, here’s a look at what some key indicators are suggesting for Friday's action:1: US market
US stock indexes climbed on Thursday as a strong sales forecast from Nvidia boosted chipmakers and outweighed worries that the Federal Reserve will keep raising interest rates for longer after data highlighted a tight labor market. Nvidia Corp surged 14.3% to a more than 10-month high after the chip designer forecast quarterly sales above estimates and reported a surge in the use of its chips to power artificial intelligence services such as chatbots.At 10:10 a.m. ET, the Dow Jones Industrial Average was up 140.33 points, or 0.42%, at 33,185.42, the S&P 500 was up 23.46 points, or 0.59%, at 4,014.51, and the Nasdaq Composite was up 64.38 points, or 0.56%, at 11,571.45. Nine of the 11 major S&P 500 sectors gained.2: European shares
European shares rose on Thursday, after two straight sessions of declines, as U.S. semiconductor designer Nvidia's positive sales forecast sparked a rally in chip stocks. The broader Europe STOXX 600 index rose 0.2%, with the technology sector jumping 1.4%. Chipmakers ASM International, BE Semiconductor and Aixtron rose between 1.3% and 2.8%. Engineering firm Rolls-Royce surged 18.0%, to the top of the STOXX 600, after the company's CEO forecast more profit growth in 2023 after last year's profit beat expectations.3: Tech View: Small negative candle
A small negative candle was formed on the daily chart, which indicates a formation of high wave type candle pattern. Normally, such pattern formation after a reasonable downward correction signals possible upside bounce.“Nifty is currently placed near the crucial support of 17,400-17,300 levels and has recovered decently on the upside in the recent past,” said Nagaraj Shetti, Technical Research Analyst, HDFC Securities.4: Stocks showing bullish bias
Momentum indicator Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) showed bullish trade on the counters of GAIL, Shipping Corporation of India, Religare Enterprises, Coforge and Nippon Life AMC among others. The MACD is known for signaling trend reversals in traded securities or indices. When the MACD crosses above the signal line, it gives a bullish signal, indicating that the price of the security may see an upward movement and vice versa.5: Stocks signaling weakness ahead
The MACD showed bearish signs on the counters of L&T, Poonawalla Fincorp, Titan, H.G. Infra, and Action Construction Equipment India among others. Bearish crossover on the MACD on these counters indicated that they have just begun their downward journey.6: Most active stocks in value terms
HDFC Bank (Rs 2,235 crore), Zee Entertainment (Rs 1,465 crore), Adani Enterprises (Rs 1,242 crore), RIL (1,080 crore) and HDFC (Rs 1,048 crore) were among the most active stocks on NSE in value terms. Higher activity on a counter in value terms can help identify the counters with highest trading turnovers in the day.7: Most active stocks in volume terms
Vodafone Idea (Shares traded: 20.03 crore), Zomato (Shares traded: 11.8 crore), Zee Entertainment (Shares traded: 7.65 crore), Yes Bank (Shares traded: 7.47 crore) and PNB (Shares traded: 5.93 crore) were among the most traded stocks in the session on NSE.8: Stocks showing buying interest
Shares of Equitas SFB, Finolex Cables, ITC, Cyient and Blue Star among others witnessed strong buying interest from market participants as they scaled their fresh 52-week highs, signaling bullish sentiment.9: Stocks seeing selling pressure
Shares of Adani Transmission, Adani Gas, Adani Green Energy, Macrotech Developers and Zee Entertainment among others hit their 52-week lows, signaling bearish sentiment on the counters.10: Sentiment meter favours bears
Overall, market breadth favoured bears as 1,580 stocks ended in the green, while 1,862 names settled with cuts.
Wednesday, February 22, 2023
Moore Penrose Pseudoinverse
Moore-Penrose Pseudoinverse is a linear algebra technique used to approximate the inverse of non-invertible matrices. This technique can approximate the inverse of any matrix, regardless of whether the matrix is square or not. In short, Pseudo-inverse exists for all matrices. If a matrix has an inverse, its pseudo-inverse equals its inverse. From the book: Deep Learning by Ian GoodfellowFrom the book: Pattern Matching by Christopher Bishop
Monday, February 20, 2023
Cartesian and Polar Representation of 2D Vector
Simple Cartesian Representation of Vector
x-component: y-component:Vector is:
Simple Polar Representation of Vector
Angle: Magnitude:Vector is:
Saturday, February 18, 2023
White Boiled Rice
1. Take one small cup of rice and two glasses of water in pressure cooker.2. Add half soup spoon of ghee in the cooker along with rice and water. 3. Put the cooker on burner for three to four whistles.
Wednesday, February 15, 2023
Books on 'Game Development Using JS' (Feb 2023)
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1: HTML Canvas Graphics
1.1. Eric Rowell - HTML5 Canvas Cookbook - Packt (2011) 1.2. James L. Williams - Learning HTML5 Game Programming - Addison-Wesley Professional (2011) 1.3. David Flanagan - Canvas Pocket Reference - OReilly Media (2010) 1.4. Steve Fulton, Jeff Fulton - HTML5 Canvas - O'Reilly Media (2011)2: Game Development
2.1. Juriy Bura, Paul Coates - Pro Android Web Game Apps. Using HTML5, CSS3 and JavaScript-Apress (2012) 2.2. Karl Bunyan - Build an HTML5 Game. A Developer's Guide with CSS and JavaScript-No Starch Press (2015) 2.3. Rex van der Spuy - Foundation game design with HTML5 and JavaScript-Apress (2012)
Math books (Feb 2023)
1. Calculus Made Easy is a book on infinitesimal calculus originally published in 1910 by Silvanus P. Thompson, considered a classic and elegant introduction to the subject. Wikipedia Originally published: 1910 Author: Silvanus P. Thompson 2. What is Mathematics? is a mathematics book written by Richard Courant and Herbert Robbins, published in England by Oxford University Press. It is an introduction to mathematics, intended both for the mathematics student and for the general public. Wikipedia Originally published: 1941 Authors: Herbert Robbins, Richard Courant Original language: English 3. Gödel, Escher, Bach: an Eternal Golden Braid, also known as GEB, is a 1979 book by Douglas Hofstadter. By exploring common themes in the lives and works of logician Kurt Gödel, artist M. C. Escher, and composer Johann Sebastian Bach, the book expounds concepts fundamental to mathematics, symmetry, and intelligence. Wikipedia Originally published: 1979 Author: Douglas Hofstadter Original language: English Pages: 777 Awards: Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, National Book Award for Science (Hardcover) Nominations: Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, National Book Award for Science (Hardcover) 4. The Princeton Companion to Mathematics is a book providing an extensive overview of mathematics that was published in 2008 by Princeton University Press. Edited by Timothy Gowers with associate editors June Barrow-Green and Imre Leader, it has been noted for the high caliber of its contributors. Wikipedia Originally published: 8 September 2008 Author: Akito Futaki Editors: Timothy Gowers, Imre Leader, June Barrow-Green Genres: Encyclopedia, Reference work 5. The Joy of X: A Guided Tour of Math, from One to Infinity Book by Steven Strogatz Award-winning Steven Strogatz, one of the foremost popularisers of maths, has written a witty and fascinating account of maths' most compelling ideas and how, so often, they are an integral part of everyday life.Maths is everywhere, often where we don't even realise. ... Google Books Originally published: 2012 Author: Steven Strogatz Genre: Humor 6. Calculus Book by Michael Spivak Originally published: 1967 Author: Michael Spivak Genre: Textbook 7. Vedic Mathematics is a book written by the Indian monk Bharati Krishna Tirtha, and first published in 1965. It contains a list of mathematical techniques, which were falsely claimed to have been retrieved from the Vedas and containing mathematical knowledge. Wikipedia Originally published: 1965 Author: Bharati Krishna Tirtha Editor: Vasudev Sharan Agarwal Original language: Hindi Subject: Mental calculation 8. An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers is a classic textbook in the field of number theory, by G. H. Hardy and E. M. Wright. The book grew out of a series of lectures by Hardy and Wright and was first published in 1938. Wikipedia Originally published: 1938 Author: G. H. Hardy 9. Zero: The Biography of a Dangerous Idea is a non-fiction book by American author and journalist Charles Seife. The book was initially released on February 7, 2000, by Viking. Wikipedia Originally published: 7 February 2000 Author: Charles Seife Genre: Biography Pages: 256 pp 10. An Imaginary Tale Book by Paul J. Nahin Today complex numbers have such widespread practical use--from electrical engineering to aeronautics--that few people would expect the story behind their derivation to be filled with adventure and enigma. ... Google Books Originally published: 1998 Author: Paul J. Nahin 11. Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions is a satirical novella by the English schoolmaster Edwin Abbott Abbott, first published in 1884 by Seeley & Co. of London. Wikipedia Originally published: 1884 Author: Edwin Abbott Abbott Illustrator: Edwin Abbott Abbott Original language: English Genres: Science fiction, Novella, Mathematical fiction, Scientific romance Adaptations: Flatland: The Movie (2007), Flatland (2007) 12. A Mind For Numbers: How to Excel at Math and Science (Even If You Flunked Algebra) Book by Barbara Oakley The companion book to COURSERA®'s wildly popular massive open online course "Learning How to Learn"Whether you are a student struggling to fulfill a math or science requirement, or you are embarking ... Google Books Originally published: 31 July 2014 Author: Barbara Oakley Genre: Self-help book 13. Proofs from THE BOOK is a book of mathematical proofs by Martin Aigner and Günter M. Ziegler. The book is dedicated to the mathematician Paul Erdős, who often referred to "The Book" in which God keeps the most elegant proof of each mathematical theorem. Wikipedia Originally published: 1998 Author: Martin Aigner Illustrator: Karl H. Hofmann 14. Plane Trigonometry Book by S. L. Loney Exton Bequest January 1924. Florence Exton was college principle from 1920-23, the only one to die in office. Google Books Originally published: 1893 Author: S. L. Loney 15. How to Lie with Statistics is a book written by Darrell Huff in 1954 presenting an introduction to statistics for the general reader. Not a statistician, Huff was a journalist who wrote many "how to" articles as a freelancer. Wikipedia Originally published: 1954 Author: Darrell Huff Illustrator: Irving Geis Pages: 142 Text: How to Lie with Statistics at Internet Archive Subject: Statistics; Social science 16. Prime Obsession: Bernhard Riemann and the Greatest Unsolved Problem in Mathematics is a historical book on mathematics by John Derbyshire, detailing the history of the Riemann hypothesis, named for Bernhard Riemann, and some of its applications. Wikipedia Originally published: 2003 Author: John Derbyshire Pages: 442 Genres: Biography, Popular science, Reference work 17. How Not to Be Wrong: The Power of Mathematical Thinking, written by Jordan Ellenberg, is a New York Times Best Selling book that connects various economic and societal philosophies with basic mathematics and statistical principles. Wikipedia Originally published: 29 May 2014 Author: Jordan Ellenberg Pages: 468 pp Genre: Mathematics 18. Humble Pi: A Comedy of Maths Errors Book by Matt Parker #1 INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER AN ADAM SAVAGE BOOK CLUB PICKThe book-length answer to anyone who ever put their hand up in math class and asked, “When am I ever going to use this in the real world?” ... Google Books Originally published: 7 March 2019 Author: Matt Parker Genre: Humor 19. Book of Proof Book by Richard Hammack This book is an introduction to the language and standard proof methods of mathematics. It is a bridge from the computational courses (such as calculus or differential equations) that students typically encounter in their first year of college to a more abstract outlook. ... Google Books Originally published: 2009 Author: Richard Hammack Genre: Textbook 20. The Music of the Primes Book by Marcus du Sautoy The Music of the Primes is a 2003 book by Marcus du Sautoy, a professor in mathematics at the University of Oxford, on the history of prime number theory. In particular he examines the Riemann hypothesis, the proof of which would revolutionize our understanding of prime numbers. Wikipedia Originally published: 29 April 2003 Author: Marcus du Sautoy 21. Abstract Algebra, 4th Edition is designed to give the reader insight into the power and beauty that accrues from a rich interplay between different areas of mathematics. ... Google Books Originally published: 1967 22. The Wonder Book of Geometry: A Mathematical Story Book by David Acheson How can we be sure that Pythagoras's theorem is really true? Why is the 'angle in a semicircle' always 90 degrees? And how can tangents help determine the speed of a bullet? David Acheson takes the reader on a highly illustrated tour through the history of geometry, from ancient Greece to the present day. ... Google Books Originally published: 2020 Author: David Acheson 23. "Calculus Volume 1 is designed for the two- or three-semester calculus course. For many students, this course provides the foundation to a career in mathematics, science, or engineering. ... Google Books Originally published: 7 March 2016 Authors: Edwin Herman, Gilbert Strang Genre: Textbook 24. Mathematics Formulae & Definitions ( R-1009) Book by Ramanand Thakur 25. Algebraic curves Book by William Fulton The aim of these notes is to develop the theory of algebraic curves from the viewpoint of modern algebraic geometry, but without excessive prerequisites. ... Google Books Originally published: 1969 Author: William Fulton 26. Calculus on Manifolds: A Modern Approach to Classical Theorems of Advanced Calculus by Michael Spivak is a brief, rigorous, and modern textbook of multivariable calculus, differential forms, and integration on manifolds for advanced undergraduates. Wikipedia Originally published: 1965 Author: Michael Spivak Pages: 146 27. Answer key for Contemporary abstract algebra Textbook by Joseph Gallian Overview "Whereas many partial solutions and sketches for the odd-numbered exercises appear in the book, the Student Solutions Manual, written by the author, has comprehensive solutions for all odd-numbered exercises and large number of even-numbered exercises. ... Google Books Originally published: 31 December 1974 Author: Joseph Gallian Genre: Textbook 28. Elementary Number Theory Book by Gareth Jones Our intention in writing this book is to give an elementary introduction to number theory which does not demand a great deal of mathematical back ground or maturity from the reader, and which can be read and understood with no extra assistance. ... Google Books Originally published: 31 July 1998 Author: Gareth Jones Followed by: Basic linear algebra 29. Enumerative Combinatorics: Volume 1 Book by Richard P. Stanley Publisher Description (unedited publisher data) This second volume of a two-volume basic introduction to enumerative combinatorics covers the composition of generating functions, trees, algebraic generating functions, D-finite generating functions, noncommutative generating functions, and symmetric functions. ... Google Books Originally published: 31 July 1986 Author: Richard P. Stanley 30. The Elements of Statistical Learning Book by Jerome H. Friedman, Robert Tibshirani, and Trevor Hastie "During the past decade there has been an explosion in computation and information technology. With it have come vast amounts of data in a variety of fields such as medicine, biology, finance, and marketing. ... Google Books Originally published: 2001 Authors: Trevor Hastie, Jerome H. Friedman, Robert Tibshirani Genre: Textbook Editors: Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani, Jerome H. Friedman 31. The Art of Statistics: How to Learn from Data Book by David Spiegelhalter 'A statistical national treasure' Jeremy Vine, BBC Radio 2'Required reading for all politicians, journalists, medics and anyone who tries to influence people (or is influenced) by statistics. A tour de force' Popular ScienceDo busier hospitals have higher survival rates? How many trees are there on the planet? ... Google Books Originally published: 3 September 2019 Author: David Spiegelhalter 32. The Cauchy-Schwarz Master Class Book by J. Michael Steele Michael Steele describes the fundamental topics in mathematical inequalities and their uses. Using the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality as a guide, Steele presents a fascinating collection of problems related ... Google Books Originally published: 2004 Author: J. Michael Steele 33. Linear algebra done right Book by Sheldon Axler This best-selling textbook for a second course in linear algebra is aimed at undergrad math majors and graduate students. The novel approach taken here banishes determinants to the end of the book. ... Google Books Originally published: 1995 Author: Sheldon Axler Genre: Textbook 34. How to Solve It is a small volume by mathematician George Pólya describing methods of problem solving. Wikipedia Originally published: 1945 Author: George Pólya Genre: Textbook 35. The Code Book: The Science of Secrecy from Ancient Egypt to Quantum Cryptography is a book by Simon Singh, published in 1999 by Fourth Estate and Doubleday. The Code Book describes some illustrative highlights in the history of cryptography, drawn from both of its principal branches, codes and ciphers. Wikipedia Originally published: 1999 Author: Simon Lehna Singh Genre: Non-fiction Original language: English Pages: 416 (first edition) 36. E: The Story of a Number Book by Eli Maor The interest earned on a bank account, the arrangement of seeds in a sunflower, and the shape of the Gateway Arch in St. Louis are all intimately connected with the mysterious number e. ... Google Books Originally published: 1994 Author: Eli Maor 37. What If?: Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions is a 2014 non-fiction book by Randall Munroe in which the author answers hypothetical science questions sent to him by readers of his webcomic, xkcd. Wikipedia Originally published: 2 September 2014 Author: Randall Munroe Genre: Humor Original language: English Pages: 320 pages Nominations: Goodreads Choice Awards Best Nonfiction 38. Our Mathematical Universe: My Quest for the Ultimate Nature of Reality is a 2014 nonfiction book by the Swedish-American cosmologist Max Tegmark. Wikipedia Originally published: 7 January 2014 Author: Max Tegmark Genre: Non-fiction Pages: 432 39. Essays on the theory of numbers Book by Richard Dedekind This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. ... Google Books Originally published: 1901 Author: Richard Dedekind 40. A Course of Pure Mathematics is a classic textbook in introductory mathematical analysis, written by G. H. Hardy. It is recommended for people studying calculus. First published in 1908, it went through ten editions and several reprints. Wikipedia Originally published: 1908 Author: G. H. Hardy 41. Euclid's Elements Book by Euclid The Elements is a mathematical treatise consisting of 13 books attributed to the ancient Greek mathematician Euclid in Alexandria, Ptolemaic Egypt c. 300 BC. It is a collection of definitions, postulates, propositions, and mathematical proofs of the propositions. Wikipedia Author: Euclid Original language: Ancient Greek Publication date: c. 300 BC Subject: Euclidean geometry, elementary number theory, incommensurable lines Pages: 13 books 42. The Mathematics of Love: Patterns, Proofs, and the Search for the Ultimate Equation Book by Hannah Fry Overview In this must-have for anyone who wants to better understand their love life, a mathematician pulls back the curtain and reveals the hidden patterns—from dating sites to divorce, sex to marriage—behind ... Google Books Originally published: 3 February 2015 Author: Hannah Fry Genre: Self-help book Original language: English 43. The Math of Life and Death: 7 Mathematical Principles That Shape Our Lives Book by Kit Yates Brilliant and entertaining mathematician Kit Yates illuminates seven mathematical concepts that shape our daily lives.From birthdays to birth rates to how we perceive the passing of time, mathematical patterns shape our lives. ... Google Books Originally published: 2019 Author: Kit Yates 44. Mathematics for Human Flourishing Book by Francis Su An inclusive vision of mathematics—its beauty, its humanity, and its power to build virtues that help us all flourish For mathematician Francis Su, a society without mathematical affection is like a city without concerts, parks, or museums. ... Google Books Originally published: 7 January 2020 Author: Francis Su 45. Beyond Infinity: An Expedition to the Outer Limits of Mathematics Book by Eugenia Cheng "[Cheng] does a great service by showing us non-mathematician schlubs how real mathematical creativity works." -- Wall Street Journal How big is the universe? How many numbers are there? And is infinity + 1 is the same as 1 + infinity? Such questions occur to young children and our greatest minds. ... Google Books Originally published: 9 March 2017 Author: Eugenia Cheng 46. Principles of Mathematical Analysis, colloquially known as "PMA" or "Baby Rudin," is an undergraduate real analysis textbook written by Walter Rudin. Initially published by McGraw Hill in 1953, it is one of the most famous mathematics textbooks ever written, and is renowned for its elegant and concise style of proof. Wikipedia Originally published: 1953 Author: Walter Rudin Genre: Textbook 47. The Fractal Geometry of Nature is a 1982 book by the Franco-American mathematician Benoît Mandelbrot. Wikipedia Originally published: 1982 Author: Benoit Mandelbrot Genre: Reference work Original language: English 48. 20 Years Chapterwise Topicwise (2021-2002) JEE Main Solved Papers Mathematics Book 49. Integral Calculus for Begineers Book by Joseph Edwards Author: Joseph Edwards Genre: Study guide 50. Algorithms to Live By: The Computer Science of Human Decisions Book by Brian Christian and Thomas L. Griffiths A fascinating exploration of how computer algorithms can be applied to our everyday lives.In this dazzlingly interdisciplinary work, acclaimed author Brian Christian and cognitive scientist Tom Griffiths show us how the simple, precise algorithms used by computers can also untangle very human questions. ... Google Books Originally published: 19 April 2016 Authors: Brian Christian, Thomas L. Griffiths Genre: Self-help book
Jeera Aloo
Jeera: Cumin seed Aloo: Potato 1. Wash and chop potato (2 pieces)2. Heat the frying pan a bit. 3. Heat 2 soup spoons of oil (mustard or refined) in frying pan4. Add chopped potatoes into the heated pan 5. Add half salt spoon of: Haldi Salt Lal mirch Dhania powder And a pinch of jeera6. Mix well for 2 minutes 7. Leave on low flame for potatoes to cook for 8-10 minutes Sample of Dish Shown Below: Vermicelli and jeera aloo
Tuesday, February 14, 2023
My Little Epiphanies (Aisha Chaudhary)
The book teaches you the importance of love, meaning of life, meaning of death.Author’s Note
Before reading, I would like you to know that this isn’t written like any ordinary book. It’s more of a way to express my thoughts that come to me as the days go by. Actually my days aren’t very ordinary either. Not for an 18 year old girl that is. My name is Aisha. I was born with S.C.I.D (severe combined immune deficiency) and underwent a bone marrow transplant when I was 6 months old, in the UK. I now live in New Delhi, India, where I was born. I have developed Pulmonary Fibrosis, which is a hardening in the lungs. I can’t breathe therefore spend each moment connected to an oxygen tank, and use a wheelchair when leaving the house, as my heart cannot take it when I stand. Unfortunately, everyone has their problems and this is mine. I have felt isolated, and completely stuck. So I decided that its time to reach out. I wanted to share my thoughts with the world, I wanted to let peopleknow that they are not alone, and regardless of what the problem is, we all feel the same, and we are all fighting our own battles together. This book is about finding myself, letting go and expressing who I am, and I do hope that by the end of the book, you will have found a piece of yourself too.Dedication
Dear Tanya, I’d like this book to be in honor of you. You are one of the many reasons I live today. If it weren’t for you, I wouldn’t be writing this. We went through the same thing, but you left the world as a baby. You will live in our hearts forever. I want to live tomorrow for us too. I sometimes look up at the sky and smile, and feel you smiling down at me. I have never known you, but have always loved you my sweet sister. I’ll meet you in the skies my angel. Love, Aisha # My dearest darling, Rolo, I am just lost for words. I don’t know how to breathe without you, my baby. You were the light of my life, you were one of the main reasons I forced myself to wake up every morning. You were my strength. You are my everything. You always took my illness upon yourself. I just wish you didn’t take it this far. You left me so suddenly, but I have to remind myself that bad things happen for good reasons. You went to heaven at 8:30 am on 2 nd December 2014, the day after Tanya’s birthday. I like to believe that God gave you to her, for her birthday present. She probably needs you more than I do, my sweetheart. I know you are in good hands, and are probably licking her face nonstop right now, as you once did mine. I imagine that she knows by now that you always yawn if she itches your cheeks, just like I once did yours. You brought so much happiness into my life, you were the sassiest pug I had ever come across, and I just have to be grateful that I got to know andlove you. You were the magic in my heart and you always will be. I will never forget you, “Rolito the Burrito”. Tanya and I shared the same disease, and now we will share you too. You are her angel now. Look after each other. I will love you forever. Sweet dreams, my precious. Love, Aisha # Fairy dust in your eyes I could see no more They say the soul never dies What did yours leave me for My darling you have kept me alive You soothed the rocky roads before me I'm shattered now you're dead inside Burnt into thin air, this was our destiny. Until we meet again, one day our worlds will collide. Till then you always own a piece of my heart Just tell Him not to further break it apart.My Little Epiphanies
The fact that I’m sitting here, writing these words, is a miracle. I would not have been here on this Earth for more than a year, had destiny not changed its mind. # We’ve all grown up, so why are we still playing the game of hide and seek? # Would the world be so bad if we were all friends? # We all definitely have one thing in common, and that is death. # What I’m going through is actually better than what someone else is going through out there. But because we are so unaware and invested in our own lives, we can focus on nothing but the shit; therefore, we will always be extremely miserable human beings no matter what happens. # Life is a circle and we all think we are bang in the middle of it. # She loved him but he did not love her and the stars were so perfect that night, but then my darling, the darkness kicked in. # I hate myself for tripping into this beautiful thing everybody calls love.I need a whole new pair of shoes. I’m running from myself this time. # I need to get over this and move on. It’s making me too sad to enjoy my precious days on this planet. I can’t give him the power to take that away from me too. # I crave the littlest things, while I’ve lost the biggest.Why do so many emotions exist? # That’s everybody’s problem, we keep looking up to find answers. Now, let’s look within us.Something must be wrong when the music is blasting, but all you can hear is that deafening silence. # When I’m high, it’s like my soul is telling me a secret. # Death is a tricky business, and we are just the employees. # Are we living to die? Or are we dying to live? I want to do the latter. # It’s funny how we give each other blood in order to survive. If we are willing to do that, I don’t understand how there is so much hate in the world. # Don’t worry about what happened today, death is on its way I promise you. # You’re not my reality, because you are just the reverse. # Heaven is not a place. Heaven is our home. # What is the definition of love? # A knot at the pit of my belly; a blessing and a curse. A gut wrenching pain, as though I’ve been stabbed; only instead of blood, butterflies disperse. # Do you ever see a stranger and think that they look exactly like someone from your past… only 10 years older? Let’s live and love with no regrets. I can hear your heart beating one after the other, like dancing rain on a dark, silent night. My heart is tingling. Mama says, ‘Darling, if you have to go through shit, do it looking like a million bucks’. Are we all fake at some level? Shhh…miracles are happening. Maybe in 10 years, you will be looking from the other side of the road, and reminiscing about this time. My mother must worry with every bone in her body. It feels like I’m watching my world from above. Let’s wake up from this dream and turn it into a reality. Thoughts come into your head 100 times faster, increasing exponentially. We are the oldest we will ever be right now. My lungs feel like ropes that have been tangled and knotted together; churning around in the pit of my belly, while my heart aches and cries in pain. Only, it’s not the disease this time. Being depressed just means that I’m under repairs. If life is a stop in the station, I must admit I don’t want to get on the coming train. I know there are healthy people out there who feel as shitty as I do. But I don’t know what healthy is anymore; I’m stuck here, so how can I really know about anybody else? It has come to a point where I feel embarrassed of my dreams. In the end, overthinking is poison to the heart. How is my heart functioning when it feels so broken? When your happiness starts to depend on somebody else, protect yourself, because you are fucked. I’m waiting for a surprise…that really defeats the purpose doesn’t it? I just saw things from his eyes, and in that moment, my heart slipped away. What is his soul making him think? Is it that I am not worthy? Maybe I am too real to be touched. Maybe that’s the problem. What would happen if I wasn’t in my own shoes anymore? If I didn’t have the life I’m living this very second? What if I didn’t know the people I love so much today? What if I didn’t do the things that I love to do in this moment? What if I wasn’t all the qualities which fill me with who I have become today? What if I didn’t feel the things I’m feeling as I’m typing this word? What if I wasn’t me? I think we are the truest versions of ourselves at night before we go to sleep, just before we close our eyes. There’s only one type of fish in this sea, and that is the selfish kind. Other people’s dreams are coming true; their memories are being created, their life is happening outside these four walls, and I am still here…I am still me. If emotions are bags, I’ve gone so far through the sadness bag, that I ripped a hole at the bottom of it. They say you have to love yourself before you love someone else. But then again, they also don’t like selfish people. D E A T H—Drop Everything And Trust Him I’m merely trying to survive until my respective death. It’s frowned upon, that the girl who once smiled through the shit, can never slip, and frown for a second. I will do a cartwheel one day, and on that day I can say, ‘I’ve made it’. I want things to not be what they are, and what they are to not be. Lie down, kick back, and listen to the sound of your heart falling in love. They are watching me like I am some TV show. They say that there is such a thing as soul mates, but mine is the only one that will die with me. I had love for you, but lost respect for myself. Why do we put those we love on a pedestal so high that it’s impossible to reach? You know you’re in love when their spark ignites the light in you. Even bad moments are moments, you know. I want to get over you, but I want you to do things, and when you do them, I love you. If you feel like things aren’t moving, there is a cure for that, and that is time. I feel like I have to keep reminding myself that this is really just a phase, and I’m going to get over it. I believe our little world is bigger and better than the entire universe in some way. If you could only know how loved you made me feel that day. People think that I should be thrilled that it’s not yesterday, just because I’m better today. These people that give me advice can breathe for themselves, and I am just not applicable. My body is sinking, and I can’t seem to find which way is up. I hope I’ll never forget you in the hopes of remembering. Why is sadness so unattractive? Sadness is attracted to me. I am sad because I am sad. I despise the feelings that come with jealousy. I dream of the littlest moments I hope to become my future. I dream of one of my aunts asking at my wedding where the one I’m going to marry is, and I whisper to her, ‘Come, let us find him’. What is living if I can’t breathe? You know you’ve won the game when the person who used to bully you and make life hell, recognises how far you’ve come, and feels badly for their earlier doings. I’ve forgotten what it’s like to wake up in the morning without feeling the insides of my lungs. It’s the worst for me. I am suffering. It is my body that is broken. If life is the show and we are the puppets, I wonder who is watching. There is no going up without going down. And in that moment I realised, if I keep him close, I fall deeper in love, and if I let him go, I will soon not remember. Which of the two makes me happier? That is the question. Being bathed head to toe by someone else at 18 years old, triggers insanity. In the end, it’s the little things that make us big. It’s funny how we take a long time to give somebody our hearts, yet, within seconds of knowing someone, we are willing to give so much of ourselves. That’s what I will never understand about this generation. Heart to heart is my favorite kind of conversation. It is the way to feel the most connected to a person. Your problems are my problems, and that is never the case. The cure for any sadness is connection with the people we love. Once you’ve lost all connection, then you know you’re losing the battle. I’m at a place so low that if anyone does anything in the slightest way to push my buttons, I become angrier than I actually should be, and it’s the scariest when it feels like you’re out of control. Having lost something so big has taught me to appreciate the littlest things. I am blessed that I have my eyes to see the vividness in the green trees. I am blessed to have my sense of smell, so I can inhale (pun intended) that particular musty stink that hangs over Delhi after a day of rain. I am blessed to have my ears, so I can listen to the sound of my mother’s laughter. I am blessed to have my lips, so I can speak to those I love. I am blessed to have my hands, so I can paint whenever I please. I am blessed to have my legs, so I can still walk on this earth. I must remember that I am blessed. I’m going through this, therefore, I am real, but what am I really real for? To think that you don’t love me is painfully disappointing. I really don’t know what I know that I don’t know. I’m so stressed that falling asleep feels like a nightmare. I think that we get really pissed at the superficial, irrelevant things, when we are really pissed at what our lives have turned into. I think that is the underlying truth. I feel sorry for myself, and then I just tell myself, ‘it’s okay’. Just being with a loved one is a real mood lifter. I like to paint my pain. I find that I do not remember the various invasive surgeries and trauma I went through as a baby, or even in the recent past. My mind has learnt to erase the pain I know I will want to forget, and for that, I am very grateful. So let’s succumb to the inevitable truth; death is upon us and we are all screwed. It’s weird how we once never knew the people we know now. I’m hanging on for dear life, literally. What is, is, and what will be will be, and what was never really was, was it? My head is the room, and my thoughts are the elephants, and I am just so awkward. Maybe sadness is unattractive, so we are conditioned to want to feel it less. Sometimes I hate myself and myself hates me too. If I look back on my early teen years, I realise I had lungs but lacked self-confidence. Now I have self-confidence but my lungs are lacking. Which of the two is better? It seems like everyone else is wearing a sugary coat, and I am the only one wearing the salty kind. It’s like I’m being sucked in by quick sand that is my disease. Some words are worth gold. Say them while you still can. Say sorry. Say I forgive you. Say thank you. Say you are welcome. Say I love you. Say I love you too. It’s the scariest when I feel my own spark start to slip away from my own body. Darkness has emerged into the light, and winter is coming. My heart is lit with a thousand fairy lights. I will never let them fuse. I must admit I am jealous of everybody I see. I see girls just standing up and chatting to one another. They look so healthy, and I would kill to be them, and just be able to stand up too. Let’s swallow our feelings because saying how we truly feel is not really the done thing these days. I don’t want to be so transparent that you know exactly what I’m thinking; yet I don’t want to come across as absolutely fake. Is there a place in between? Self-recognition is the best kind. I remember when I was little and it rained; I used to think that God was sad at the world, and the rains were his tears. Sometimes I find it easier not to talk, or even put a smile on my face, and sometimes, I think that is okay. If I was not like this, I would not have met the people I love so much today. Happiness comes in all shapes and sizes; you just have to find the one that fits you best. I do like the superficial things too. They allow me to decorate my body. Those things bring me to life, even when I don’t feel very alive. I am so weak; my only way to shout is to be strong. I felt my lungs were steadily running out of air, like it was a ticking time bomb. I don’t want to jinx it, but I should be grateful that I haven’t had three life-threatening diseases. I want to make you see the world through the eyes of my soul. Sometimes it makes me happier to hold on to a grudge than to consider letting it go. Holding on to it gives you a weird sense of power, and it almost feels like you have the upper hand. It’s my choice whether I fall into that trap or not. When I’m sad, people tend to brush it under the carpet; but I can’t do that because I am the dirt. My biggest fear of death is the notion that it is all over. The love I had for you was just another bad influence. I have come to accept the sadness within me. It’s funny how we all see common random things in the day, and connect them to our own life’s situations. We all see the same news on TV, we see the same movies, read the same books, but it means something different to each of us. We look at things from wherever we are in our lives, and move on from it thinking something entirely new. Life is full of countless perspectives. You have a way of nourishing my soul. If I didn’t have this life and I had that life, I would still pine for another life that is not my own. My thoughts have become my best friend, and I really don’t get along with them. I think over the things I over-think. It’s the little girl inside me that still wants the fantasy ending. I want to live without being pitied on. If anything, it’s wonderful to know that there are people like you in this world. A dramatic life calls for a little dramatic thinking. When I was younger, I used to think I was the sickest I was ever going to be. Today, I still think that as I lie down with the oxygen tube in my nose. What’s around the corner? I don’t ever want to know. We are in the most vulnerable state when we think we are about to die. I think we mostly get one main thought that gets stuck in our hearts. It is either, ‘I should have said this’, or ‘I should have done that, I should have been this’. If you are lucky enough to get a second chance at life, you must say it. Do it. Be it. If you can’t change your own life, there’s always someone else’s. How can I sleep on something when it is the very thing that is keeping me awake? I have come to accept the sadness that overwhelms me. The hard part aboout being determined is staying committed, and vice versa. All our thoughts get recreated in the universe, written down in God’s plan for our future. It’s only now that I can almost see what my body feels. It’s like I can already see things that are slowly being born into the truth. I felt my feet stepping closer into the relationship. Just because I was strong in one moment of weakness, doesn’t mean that I am strong enough to be in each moment. Things that are brushed under the carpet always have a way of getting stuck in our hearts forever. Love struck by your presence upon me. When you’re unwell for a really long time, it becomes your identity. Will you hold my hand and lie with me in the grass, the blue skies above, where the world is turning around us, but we are one? I never thought about my lungs when they were healthy. Pain lingers in the mind longer than it really lasts. When I feel the monotony of my day turn into sheer pain, the only thing I can really do is stop and appreciate whatever I may be doing. Just stop and listen to the words in the movie I am watching. Just stop and feel the soft fur on my dogs, and give them a million kisses. Just stop and embrace the hot water on my body in the shower. Just stop and look at my surroundings. Just stop and take in the sweet taste of my favorite candy. We should just stop for a second, because one day, we may not be able to start again. There is a lot of you in my heaven. Sometimes the jealousy really gets in the way when I want to connect with someone. Even when we are in a group setting, and not saying something, something is always being said. It’s heartbreaking to hear people talk about the future, when your first thought is to wonder if you would still be around. When is the right time to die? Sometimes I hold on to grudges, because I feel like I don’t have control over much else in my life. It’s ironic, because I want more time, yet I’m struggling to cope with a lot of it. My lungs don’t let me cry enough. Even though I’m not okay, I must remember that sometimes other people may not be okay too. Knowing all the facts doesn’t make anything easier. I should be grateful that the shit isn’t shittier than what it’s about to be. I am restlessly resting. The minute you realise you’re thinking about dying more than living, is the moment you need to change gears. We are so selfish, because we are never truly in love with another human being. We are just in love with a reflection of our desires, an idealisation of a dream, which, in the end, is merely our own. I dread falling asleep, because of those dreams that will never unfold. Has anyone else hit the bottom of this rock? What was, is not. Friends are just people you meet along the way; people who are written in your destiny, the characters in your life’s play. And suddenly I found myself caught somewhere in between not living and not dying. The thing is, I’ve been on both sides of the grass, and now I know for a fact that the other side is greener, and I’m just stuck on the less green side forever. I sleep in the late hours of dawn on purpose, in order to waste most of my next day, so that I have to kill less time. Everybody is moving with their lives in the day, life is happening outside these four walls, and I feel as if I am stuck in time. At night though, everyone is supposed to be sleeping. It is my time to be alive. Let’s rise above those who want to make us sink. Nobody realises you are dying till you are actually dead. I like to think that if someone is being remembered in a good way somewhere else in this world, they are one step closer to fulfilling their dreams. Sometimes I simply need to speak to someone to hear someone else’s voice but my own. I find it so easy to be honest, but it’s so hard to be honest about being needy. The best part is not everybody’s mind knows what your mind knows. And at that moment, I didn’t know if I was insane, or sober. I want to run out of my body. I’ve written these pages, yet I myself am afraid of what’s coming next. When you’re dying, in your mind you think everyone will soon lose you… but in your heart, you know it’s you who is going to lose everyone. Pick the highest mountain to climb on, and the dullest of the days to shine on. My heart plays little magic tricks in my dreams. I am fearless when it comes to being fearful. You are the food for my thoughts. Sometimes it gets so bad that I just want to put my hands up and yell, ‘I surrender’. Empathy is the hardest thing to give, when you think you are the one who needs it most. She never knew of the silver light that sparkled inside her, until he smiled at her and turned it on. It is so unfair. I compare and compare. The older they get, the more they can do; but the older I get, the less I can do. Honesty is only the best policy when you are certain that the other person can handle it. My head is so heavy; my thoughts probably weigh more than me. The great thing about being terminally ill is that you can say whatever the fuck you like, and not care about it being a huge deal. #nofilter His voice crept into her heart, and she no longer felt the sting of being alone. Then is not now, but now will soon be then. # Dear God, I have some unfinished business here, so if it’s okay with you, I would like to stay here as long as I possibly can. Thank you. Love, Me # When it feels like you have lost all hope, remind yourself that in time, it always has a way of being found. That is what hope is after all. And in the end, it was he who healed her open wounds he had so viciously deepened. I was in desperate need to hear that everything would be okay, as death came to say hello. My mother is an angel sent down to help me glide through the broken ice. Even though she loved, she forever hated her reality; but when it slipped away from her, she never loved again. Bubblegum makes the blues a little pinker. And that morning, my head was no longer on my shoulders, and my bones had burnt to ice. My disease gave me a feeling that I never knew I could experience; that feeling of not being human. I’d like to think that one day we will all meet up there and throw a huge party in the sky. Maybe those who I want close can’t get any closer, because they fear that I am the one who will go far too soon. And my soul weeps to the symphony of your lullaby and at 7am, I fall sound asleep like your little baby. The mind is such a strange thing once it hears something different; it shifts to a place you never knew it could go. Insanity loves profanity. As I held him dead in my arms, the fairy dust that once sparkled inside his soul froze to shattered glass, scarring my heart for eternity. And somewhere between the middle of sleeping and waking up to her dark world, she heard the voice of her angel, as he whispered from afar, ‘Now you know the feeling of grief, my darling. It has only touched upon you now that I am gone. It had to be me before you; else you wouldn’t experience this great life that everybody is living.’ His absence stained her reality with a million permanent markers. The threads that are attached to our death are the very ones that keep us alive. Maybe life is a bad dream that we only wake up from when we die. And soon I realised that my lungs had turned to stone. # I don’t know how the broken pieces of me are still sticking together, just hanging on by a piece of withered thread. This thread that was once thick and silky, becomes thinner and thinner, as God takes one more thing away from me each year. It becomes rough and raw, as I begin to realise that everything I thought I had, was never mine to begin with. I had nothing. I have nothing, and it is when this thread snaps, that I will be nothing at all. # That night she spoke to her anger; the dirty maroon ball that was burning on the inside of her knotted stomach. This is what he told her: ‘I hate God for doing this to you, and I hate anybody who pisses you off. I become bigger and bigger, the more your heart aches. I control you. I am much bigger than you, and I know you hate me. Of course you do. I am unpleasant because I simply don’t feel good in your body. But it’s okay, because I am here to teach you a lesson. Without me, you wouldn’t have anything to feed off of. You don’t know it yet, but I am your friend. You can never get rid of me, for I will always be with you. You need to crack now. You have been hiding me away for far too long with those pretty smiles and the million, “‘I’m okay’s’”. It’s my turn to shine; I am fed up of rotting inside you. Actually, maybe I am the one who is scared of you. I don’t like to see you upset. You are my friend. I’m going to come out whenever I want to. I don’t really care anymore. I know that you are strong enough to deal with it. I have won this game. I feel powerful. After all, it is me who makes you human, my darling.’ # So, let’s aim for the moon, walk in the darkness together, and catch the glittering stars along the way. Black sunshine baby Why do you hurt me so My eyes cry when it’s rainy My heart melts in the snow You tear me to shreds and bits They told me I have a sad smile My nights never again star lit Black sunshine please stay a while Thank you Thankful for my angels on earth: Aditi Chaudhary (My mother) Niren Chaudhary (My father) Ishaan Chaudhary (My brother) Kobe (My Labrador) Rita and Sandeep Kamat (My God parents) Dr. Egbert Gerritsen (My immunologist) Dr. Terrence Witt (My guardian angel) Gaya Turowicz (My guardian angel) Anja Palombo (My inspiring art teacher) Beth Miller-Manchester (My High-School protector) Virginia Holmes (My friend and mentor) Dr Avtaar Litt and the listeners of Sunrise Radio
Sunday, February 12, 2023
Word Meanings 2023-Feb-13
Index of Word Meanings
1.
copious
/ˈkəʊpɪəs/
adjective
abundant in supply or quantity.
"she took copious notes"
Similar:
abundant
superabundant
plentiful
ample
profuse
full
extensive
considerable
substantial
generous
bumper
lavish
fulsome
liberal
bountiful
overflowing
abounding
teeming
in abundance
many
numerous
multiple
multifarious
multitudinous
manifold
countless
innumerable
a gogo
galore
lank
bounteous
plenteous
myriad
Opposite:
sparse
ARCHAIC
profuse in speech or ideas.
"I had been a little too copious in talking of my country"
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2.
mimeograph
/ˈmɪmɪəɡrɑːf/
noun
noun: mimeograph; plural noun: mimeographs
a duplicating machine which produces copies from a stencil, now superseded by the photocopier.
a copy produced on a mimeograph.
verb
verb: mimeograph; 3rd person present: mimeographs; past tense: mimeographed; past participle: mimeographed; gerund or present participle: mimeographing
make a copy of (a document) with a mimeograph.
"a mimeographed letter"
Origin
late 19th century: formed irregularly from Greek mimeomai ‘I imitate’ + -graph.
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3.
mettlesome
/ˈmɛtls(ə)m/
adjective LITERARY
adjective: mettlesome
(of a person or animal) full of spirit and courage; lively.
"their horses were beasts of burden, not mettlesome chargers"
Similar:
spirited
game
gritty
intrepid
fearless
courageous
hardy
brave
plucky
gallant
valiant
valorous
bold
daring
audacious
heroic
tenacious
steely
determined
resolved
resolute
steadfast
indomitable
Translate mettlesome to
Choose language
TIP
Similar-sounding words
mettlesome is sometimes confused with meddlesome
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4.
prescient
/ˈprɛsɪənt/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: prescient
having or showing knowledge of events before they take place.
"a prescient warning"
Similar:
prophetic
predictive
visionary
psychic
clairvoyant
far-seeing
far-sighted
with foresight
prognostic
divinatory
oracular
sibylline
apocalyptic
fateful
revelatory
insightful
intuitive
perceptive
percipient
foreknowing
previsional
vatic
mantic
vaticinal
vaticinatory
prognosticative
augural
adumbrative
fatidic
fatidical
haruspical
pythonic
Origin
early 17th century: from Latin praescient- ‘knowing beforehand’, from the verb praescire, from prae ‘before’ + scire ‘know’.
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5.
strident
/ˈstrʌɪdnt/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: strident
1.
(of a sound) loud and harsh; grating.
"his voice had become increasingly strident"
Similar:
harsh
raucous
rough
grating
rasping
jarring
loud
stentorian
shrill
screeching
piercing
ear-piercing
unmelodious
unmusical
discordant
dissonant
unharmonious
stridulous
stridulant
stridulatory
stentorious
Opposite:
soft
dulcet
PHONETICS
another term for sibilant.
2.
presenting a point of view, especially a controversial one, in an excessively forceful way.
"public pronouncements on the crisis became less strident"
Origin
mid 17th century: from Latin strident- ‘creaking’, from the verb stridere .
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6.
ebullience
/ɪˈbʌlɪəns,ɪˈbʊlɪəns/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: ebullience
the quality of being cheerful and full of energy; exuberance.
"the ebullience of happy children"
Similar:
exuberance
buoyancy
cheerfulness
joy
joyfulness
gladness
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7.
quixotic
/kwɪkˈsɒtɪk/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: quixotic
extremely idealistic; unrealistic and impractical.
"a vast and perhaps quixotic project"
h
Similar:
idealistic
unbusinesslike
romantic
extravagant
starry-eyed
visionary
utopian
perfectionist
unrealistic
unworldly
impracticable
unworkable
impossible
non-viable
inoperable
unserviceable
useless
ineffective
ineffectual
inefficacious
---
8.
bland
/bland/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: bland; comparative adjective: blander; superlative adjective: blandest
lacking strong features or characteristics and therefore uninteresting.
"bland, mass-produced pop music"
h
Similar:
uninteresting
dull
boring
tedious
monotonous
dry
drab
dreary
wearisome
unexciting
unimaginative
uninspiring
uninspired
weak
insipid
colourless
lustreless
lacklustre
vapid
flat
stale
trite
vacuous
feeble
pallid
wishy-washy
limp
tired
lifeless
torpid
unanimated
zestless
spiritless
sterile
anaemic
barren
tame
bloodless
antiseptic
middle-of-the-road
run-of-the-mill
commonplace
mediocre
nondescript
characterless
mundane
inoffensive
humdrum
prosaic
h
Opposite:
interesting
stimulating
(of food or drink) unseasoned, mild-tasting, or insipid.
"a bland and unadventurous vegetarian dish"
h
Similar:
tasteless
flavourless
insipid
mild
savourless
unflavoured
weak
thin
watery
watered-down
spiceless
unappetizing
wishy-washy
h
Opposite:
tangy
showing no strong emotion.
"his expression was bland and unreadable"
h
Similar:
temperate
mild
soft
calm
balmy
soothing
benign
h
Opposite:
violent
destructive
Origin
late Middle English (in the sense ‘gentle in manner’): from Latin blandus ‘soft, smooth’.
---
9.
veritable
/ˈvɛrɪtəbl/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: veritable
used for emphasis, often to qualify a metaphor.
"the early 1970s witnessed a veritable price explosion"
Origin
late Middle English: from Old French, from verite ‘truth’ (see verity). Early senses included ‘true’ and ‘speaking the truth’, later ‘genuine, actual’.
---
10.
haggard
/ˈhaɡəd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
1.
looking exhausted and unwell, especially from fatigue, worry, or suffering.
"she was pale and haggard"
Similar:
careworn
tired
drained
drawn
raddled
unwell
unhealthy
sickly
spent
sapped
washed out
rundown
exhausted
gaunt
grim
pinched
peaked
peaky
hollow-cheeked
hollow-eyed
pale
wan
grey
ashen
pallid
pasty-faced
sallow
thin
emaciated
wasted
cadaverous
ghastly
ghostlike
deathlike
Opposite:
fresh
healthy
2.
(of a hawk) caught for training as a wild adult of more than twelve months.
noun
a haggard hawk.
---
11.
capitulation
/kəˌpɪtjʊˈleɪʃn/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: capitulation; plural noun: capitulations
the action of ceasing to resist an opponent or demand.
"she gave a sigh of capitulation"
h
Similar:
surrender
submission
yielding
giving in
succumbing
acquiescence
laying down of arms
fall
defeat
h
Opposite:
resistance
historical
an agreement or set of conditions.
---
12.
whereof
/wəˈrɒv,wɛːˈrɒv,wɛˈrɒv/
Learn to pronounce
adverbformal
adverb: whereof
of what or which.
"I know whereof I speak"
---
13.
vilify
/ˈvɪlɪfʌɪ/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: vilifying
speak or write about in an abusively disparaging manner.
"he has been vilified in the press"
h
Similar:
disparage
denigrate
defame
run down
revile
berate
belittle
abuse
insult
slight
attack
speak ill of
speak evil of
pour scorn on
cast aspersions on
criticize
censure
condemn
decry
denounce
pillory
lambast
fulminate against
rail against
inveigh against
malign
slander
libel
spread lies about
blacken the name/reputation of
sully the reputation of
give someone a bad name
bring someone into disrepute
discredit
stigmatize
traduce
calumniate
impugn
slur
do down
do a hatchet job on
take to pieces
pull apart
throw mud at
drag through the mud
have a go at
hit out at
jump on
lay into
tear into
knock
slam
pan
bash
hammer
roast
skewer
bad-mouth
throw brickbats at
rubbish
slag off
monster
slate
pummel
dump on
bag
contemn
derogate
vituperate
asperse
vilipend
h
Opposite:
commend
lionize
Origin
late Middle English (in the sense ‘lower in value’): from late Latin vilificare, from Latin vilis ‘of low value’ (see vile).
---
14.
admonition
/ˌadməˈnɪʃn/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: admonition; plural noun: admonitions
a firm warning or reprimand.
"he received numerous admonitions for his behaviour"
h
Similar:
reprimand
rebuke
reproof
remonstrance
reproach
admonishment
stricture
lecture
criticism
recrimination
tirade
diatribe
philippic
harangue
attack
scolding
chastisement
castigation
upbraiding
berating
reproval
censure
condemnation
telling-off
dressing-down
talking-to
tongue-lashing
bashing
blast
rap
rap over the knuckles
slap on the wrist
flea in one's ear
earful
roasting
rollicking
caning
blowing-up
rocket
wigging
slating
ticking off
carpeting
serve
rating
exhortation
warning
caution
caveat
piece of advice
recommendation
injunction
monition
enjoinment
instruction
direction
suggestion
lesson
precept
advice
counsel
guidance
urging
encouragement
persuasion
pressure
View 1 vulgar slang word
h
Opposite:
commendation
pat on the back
praise
Origin
late Middle English: from Old French amonition, from Latin admonitio(n-) ‘(cautionary) reminder’ (see admonish).
---
15.
plaintiff
/ˈpleɪntɪf/
Learn to pronounce
nounLaw
noun: plaintiff; plural noun: plaintiffs
a person who brings a case against another in a court of law.
"the plaintiff commenced an action for damages"
Origin
late Middle English: from Old French plaintif ‘plaintive’ (used as a noun). The -f ending has come down through Law French; the word was originally the same as plaintive .
---
16.
fulsome
/ˈfʊls(ə)m/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: fulsome
1.
complimentary or flattering to an excessive degree.
"the press are embarrassingly fulsome in their appreciation"
h
Similar:
enthusiastic
ample
profuse
extensive
generous
liberal
lavish
glowing
gushing
gushy
excessive
extravagant
overdone
immoderate
inordinate
over-appreciative
fawning
ingratiating
adulatory
laudatory
acclamatory
eulogistic
rapturous
flattering
complimentary
effusive
cloying
unctuous
saccharine
sugary
honeyed
over the top
OTT
buttery
encomiastic
2.
of large size or quantity; generous or abundant.
"the fulsome details of the later legend"
Origin
Middle English (in the sense ‘abundant’): from full1 + -some1.
---
17.
inadvertently
/ˌɪnədˈvəːt(ə)ntli/
Learn to pronounce
adverb
adverb: inadvertently
without intention; accidentally.
"his name had been inadvertently omitted from the list"
h
Similar:
accidentally
by accident
unintentionally
unwittingly
unawares
without noticing
in all innocence
by mistake
mistakenly
h
Opposite:
---
18.
rancorous
/ˈraŋk(ə)rəs/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: rancorous
characterized by bitterness or resentment.
"sixteen miserable months of rancorous disputes"
h
Similar:
bitter
spiteful
hateful
resentful
acrimonious
malicious
malevolent
malign
malignant
hostile
antipathetic
venomous
poisonous
vindictive
evil-intentioned
ill-natured
baleful
vengeful
vitriolic
virulent
pernicious
mean
nasty
bitchy
catty
malefic
maleficent
h
Opposite:
amicable
---
19.
notwithstanding
/ˌnɒtwɪðˈstandɪŋ,ˌnɒtwɪθˈstandɪŋ/
preposition
preposition: notwithstanding
in spite of.
"notwithstanding the evidence, the consensus is that the jury will not reach a verdict"
h
Similar:
in spite of
despite
regardless of
for all
adverb
adverb: notwithstanding
nevertheless; in spite of this.
"I didn't like it. Notwithstanding, I remained calm"
h
Similar:
nevertheless
nonetheless
even so
all the same
in spite of this/that
despite this/that
after everything
however
still
yet
be that as it may
having said that
that said
for all that
just the same
anyway
in any event
at any rate
at all events
when all is said and done
withal
howbeit
conjunction
conjunction: notwithstanding
although; in spite of the fact that.
"notwithstanding that the hall was packed with bullies, our champion played on steadily and patiently"
h
Similar:
although
in spite of the fact that
despite the fact that
even though
though
for all that
Origin
---
20.
kazam
interjection. Used to show that something appears by magic.
---
21.
nuance
/ˈnjuːɑːns/
Learn to pronounce
noun
plural noun: nuances
a subtle difference in or shade of meaning, expression, or sound.
"he was familiar with the nuances of the local dialect"
h
Similar:
fine distinction
subtle distinction/difference
shade
shading
gradation
variation
modulation
degree
subtlety
nicety
refinement
overtone
verb
3rd person present: nuances
give nuances to.
"the effect of the music is nuanced by the social situation of listeners"
Origin
late 18th century: from French, ‘shade, subtlety’, from nuer ‘to shade’, based on Latin nubes ‘cloud’.
---
22.
chasten
/ˈtʃeɪs(ə)n/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: chastened; past participle: chastened
(of a rebuke or misfortune) have a restraining or moderating effect on.
"the director was somewhat chastened by his recent flops"
h
Similar:
subdue
humble
cow
squash
deflate
flatten
bring down
bring low
take down a peg or two
humiliate
mortify
restrain
tame
curb
check
cut down to size
put down
put someone in their place
settle someone's hash
archaic
(especially of God) discipline; punish.
Origin
early 16th century: from an obsolete verb chaste, from Old French chastier, from Latin castigare ‘castigate’, from castus ‘morally pure, chaste’.
---
23.
falter
/ˈfɔːltə,ˈfɒltə/
verb
verb: falter; 3rd person present: falters; past tense: faltered; past participle: faltered; gerund or present participle: faltering
lose strength or momentum.
"the music faltered, stopped, and started up again"
Similar:
hesitate
delay
drag one's feet
stall
think twice
get cold feet
change one's mind
waver
oscillate
fluctuate
vacillate
be undecided
be indecisive
be irresolute
see-saw
yo-yo
haver
hum and haw
sit on the fence
dilly-dally
shilly-shally
pussyfoot around
blow hot and cold
tergiversate
speak hesitantly.
"‘A-Adam?’ he faltered"
h
Similar:
stammer
stutter
stumble
speak haltingly
hesitate
pause
halt
splutter
flounder
blunder
fumble
move unsteadily or hesitantly.
"he faltered and finally stopped in mid-stride"
Origin
late Middle English (in the senses ‘stammer’ and ‘stagger’): perhaps from the verb fold1 (which was occasionally used of the faltering of the legs or tongue) + -ter as in totter .
---
24.
ingenuity
/ˌɪndʒɪˈnjuːɪti/
noun
noun: ingenuity
the quality of being clever, original, and inventive.
"considerable ingenuity must be employed in writing software"
Similar:
inventiveness
creativity
imagination
originality
innovation
resourcefulness
enterprise
insight
inspiration
perceptiveness
perception
intuition
flair
finesse
artistry
genius
cleverness
intelligence
brilliance
mastery
talent
skill
sharpness
astuteness
acumen
acuity
sharp-wittedness
quick-wittedness
quickness
shrewdness
sophistication
thinking outside the box
Origin
late 16th century (also in the senses ‘nobility’ and ‘ingenuousness’): from Latin ingenuitas ‘ingenuousness’, from ingenuus ‘inborn’. The current meaning arose by confusion of ingenuous with ingenious.
---
25.
outflank
/ˌaʊtˈflaŋk/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: outflank; 3rd person present: outflanks; past tense: outflanked; past participle: outflanked; gerund or present participle: outflanking
move round the side of (an enemy) so as to outmanoeuvre them.
"the Germans had sought to outflank them from the north-east"
outwit.
"an attempt to outflank the opposition"
---
26.
fait accompli
/ˌfeɪt əˈkɒmpli,ˌfɛt əˈkɒmpli/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: fait accompli; plural noun: faits accomplis
a thing that has already happened or been decided before those affected hear about it, leaving them with no option but to accept it.
"the results were presented to shareholders as a fait accompli"
Origin
mid 19th century: from French, literally ‘accomplished fact’.
---
27.
thaw
/θɔː/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: thawed; past participle: thawed
(of ice, snow, or another frozen substance, such as food) become liquid or soft as a result of warming up.
"the river thawed and barges of food began to reach the capital"
h
Similar:
defrost
h
Opposite:
freeze
the weather becomes warmer and causes snow and ice to melt.
h
Similar:
melt
unfreeze
soften
liquefy
dissolve
unthaw
h
Opposite:
freeze
solidify
make (something) warm enough to become liquid or soft.
"European exporters simply thawed their beef before unloading"
(of a part of the body) become warm enough to stop feeling numb.
"Riven began to feel his ears and toes thaw out"
make or become friendlier or more cordial.
"she thawed out sufficiently to allow a smile to appear"
h
Similar:
become friendlier
become more genial
become more sociable
loosen up
relax
become more relaxed
Origin
Old English thawian (verb), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch dooien . The noun (first recorded in Middle English) developed its figurative use in the mid 19th century.
---
28.
abound
/əˈbaʊnd/
verb
verb: abound; 3rd person present: abounds; past tense: abounded; past participle: abounded; gerund or present participle: abounding
exist in large numbers or amounts.
"rumours of a further scandal abound"
h
Similar:
be plentiful
be abundant
be numerous
proliferate
superabound
thrive
flourish
be thick on the ground
grow on trees
be two/ten a penny
abundant
plentiful
superabundant
considerable
copious
ample
lavish
luxuriant
profuse
boundless
munificent
bountiful
prolific
inexhaustible
generous
galore
plenteous
h
Opposite:
be scarce
meagre
scanty
have in large numbers or amounts.
"this land abounds with wildlife"
h
Similar:
be full of
overflow with
teem with
be packed with
be crowded with
be thronged with
be jammed with
be alive with
be overrun with
swarm with
bristle with
be bristling with
be infested with
be thick with
be crawling with
be lousy with
be stuffed with
be jam-packed with
be chock-a-block with
be chock-full of
be heaving with
pullulate with
Origin
Middle English (in the sense ‘overflow, be abundant’): from Old French abunder, from Latin abundare ‘overflow’, from ab- ‘from’ + undare ‘surge’ (from unda ‘a wave’).
---
29.
hail 1
/heɪl/
verb
past tense: hailed; past participle: hailed
1.
hail falls.
"it hailed so hard we had to stop"
h
Similar:
beat
shower
rain
fall
pour
drop
pelt
pepper
batter
bombard
volley
assail
2.
(of a large number of objects) fall or be hurled forcefully.
"missiles and bombs hail down from the sky"
Origin
Old English hagol, hægl (noun), hagalian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch hagel and German Hagel .
hail2
/heɪl/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: hailed; past participle: hailed
1.
call out to (someone) to attract attention.
"I hailed her in English"
h
Similar:
greet
salute
address
halloo
speak to
call out to
shout to
say hello to
initiate a discussion with
talk to
nod to
wave to
smile at
signal to
lift one's hat to
acknowledge
accost
approach
waylay
stop
catch
collar
buttonhole
nobble
h
Opposite:
say goodbye to
signal (an approaching taxi) to stop.
"she raised her hand to hail a cab"
h
Similar:
flag down
wave down
signal to stop
gesture to stop
make a sign to
call to
shout to
summon
accost
2.
praise (someone or something) enthusiastically.
"he has been hailed as the new James Dean"
Similar:
acclaim
praise
applaud
commend
rave about
extol
eulogize
vaunt
hymn
lionize
express approval of
express admiration for
pay tribute to
speak highly of
sing the praises of
make much of
glorify
cheer
salute
exalt
honour
hurrah
hurray
toast
welcome
pay homage to
big up
ballyhoo
cry up
emblazon
laud
panegyrize
Opposite:
criticize
condemn
3.
have one's home or origins in (a place).
"they hail from Turkey"
Similar:
come from
be from
be a native of
have been born in
originate in
have one's roots in
be … (by birth)
live in
have one's home in
inhabit
be an inhabitant of
be settled in
reside in
be a resident of
Origin
Middle English: from the obsolete adjective hail ‘healthy’ (occurring in greetings and toasts, such as wæs hæil : see wassail), from Old Norse heill, related to hale1 and whole.
---
30.
stipulate1
/ˈstɪpjʊleɪt/
verb
gerund or present participle: stipulating
demand or specify (a requirement), typically as part of an agreement.
"he stipulated certain conditions before their marriage"
h
Similar:
specify
set down
set out
lay down
set forth
state clearly
demand
require
insist on
make a condition of
make a precondition/proviso of
prescribe
impose
provide
Origin
early 17th century: from Latin stipulat- ‘demanded as a formal promise’, from the verb stipulari .
---
31.
subvert
/səbˈvəːt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: subvert; 3rd person present: subverts; past tense: subverted; past participle: subverted; gerund or present participle: subverting
undermine the power and authority of (an established system or institution).
"the case involved an attempt to subvert the rule of law"
h
Similar:
destabilize
unsettle
overthrow
overturn
bring down
bring about the downfall of
topple
depose
oust
supplant
unseat
dethrone
disestablish
dissolve
disrupt
wreak havoc on
sabotage
ruin
upset
destroy
annihilate
demolish
wreck
undo
undermine
undercut
weaken
impair
damage
corrupt
pervert
warp
deprave
defile
debase
distort
contaminate
poison
embitter
vitiate
Origin
late Middle English: from Old French subvertir or Latin subvertere, from sub- ‘from below’ + vertere ‘to turn’.
---
32.
auspice
/ˈɔːspɪs/
Learn to pronounce
nounarchaic
plural noun: auspices
a divine or prophetic token.
Origin
mid 16th century (originally denoting the observation of bird flight in divination): from French, or from Latin auspicium, from auspex ‘observer of birds’, from avis ‘bird’ + specere ‘to look’.
---
33.
plenary
/ˈpliːn(ə)ri/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: plenary
1.
(of a meeting) to be attended by all participants at a conference or assembly, who otherwise meet in smaller groups.
"the House is expected to bring the legislative procedures bill to a plenary meeting"
h
Similar:
full
fully constituted
general
complete
entire
open
2.
unqualified; absolute.
"the disciplinary committee will have plenary powers"
h
Similar:
unconditional
unlimited
unrestricted
unqualified
absolute
complete
sweeping
comprehensive
plenipotentiary
noun
noun: plenary; plural noun: plenaries
a meeting or session attended by all participants at a conference or assembly.
"working parties would report back to the plenary with recommendations"
Origin
late Middle English: from late Latin plenarius ‘complete’, from plenus ‘full’.
---
34.
penultimate
/pɪˈnʌltɪmət/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: penultimate
last but one in a series of things; second last.
"the penultimate chapter of the book"
Origin
late 17th century: from Latin paenultimus, from paene ‘almost’ + ultimus ‘last’, on the pattern of ultimate .
---
35.
gourmet
/ˈɡʊəmeɪ,ˈɡɔːmeɪ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: gourmet; plural noun: gourmets
a connoisseur of good food; a person with a discerning palate.
h
Similar:
gastronome
epicure
epicurean
connoisseur
bon vivant
bon viveur
foodie
of a kind or standard suitable for a gourmet.
modifier noun: gourmet
"a gourmet meal"
Origin
early 19th century: French, originally meaning ‘wine taster’, influenced by gourmand.
---
36.
armadillo
/ˌɑːməˈdɪləʊ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: armadillo; plural noun: armadillos
a nocturnal insectivorous mammal that has large claws for digging and a body covered in bony plates. Armadillos are native to Central and South America and one kind is spreading into the southern US.
Origin
late 16th century: from Spanish, diminutive of armado ‘armed man’, from Latin armatus, past participle of armare ‘to arm’.
---
37.
ingenuity
/ˌɪndʒɪˈnjuːɪti/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: ingenuity
the quality of being clever, original, and inventive.
"considerable ingenuity must be employed in writing software"
h
Similar:
inventiveness
creativity
imagination
originality
innovation
---
38.
corrugated
/ˈkɒrəɡeɪtɪd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: corrugated
(of a material or surface) shaped into a series of parallel ridges and grooves so as to give added rigidity and strength.
"corrugated cardboard"
h
Similar:
ridged
fluted
channelled
furrowed
grooved
crimped
folded
crinkled
crinkly
puckered
creased
wrinkled
wrinkly
crumpled
rumpled
striate
striated
corrugate
/ˈkɒrʊɡeɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: corrugated; past participle: corrugated
contract or cause to contract into wrinkles or folds.
"Micky's brow corrugated in a simian frown"
Origin
late Middle English: from Latin corrugat- ‘wrinkled’, from the verb corrugare, from cor- (expressing intensive force) + rugare (from ruga ‘a wrinkle’).
---
39.
edict
/ˈiːdɪkt/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: edict; plural noun: edicts
an official order or proclamation issued by a person in authority.
"Clovis issued an edict protecting Church property"
h
Similar:
decree
order
command
commandment
mandate
proclamation
pronouncement
dictum
dictate
fiat
promulgation
precept
law
statute
act
enactment
bill
ordinance
regulation
rule
ruling
injunction
manifesto
ukase
pronunciamento
firman
decretal
irade
rescript
Origin
Middle English: from Latin edictum ‘something proclaimed’, neuter past participle of edicere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + dicere ‘say, tell’.
---
40.
undercut
See definitions in:
all
commerce
geography
art
tennis
forestry
cooking
hairdressing
verb
verb: undercut; 3rd person present: undercuts; past tense: undercut; past participle: undercut; gerund or present participle: undercutting
/ˌʌndəˈkʌt/
1.
offer goods or services at a lower price than (a competitor).
"these industries have been undercut by more efficient foreign producers"
h
Similar:
charge less than
charge a lower price than
undersell
underbid
2.
cut or wear away the part below or under (something, especially a cliff).
"the base of the crag is undercut permitting walkers to pass behind the falling water"
cut away material to leave (a carved design) in relief.
3.
weaken; undermine.
"the chairman denied his authority was being undercut"
h
Similar:
undermine
weaken
impair
damage
sap
threaten
subvert
sabotage
ruin
disrupt
undo
destabilize
demolish
wreck
destroy
chip away
4.
Tennis
strike (a ball) with backspin so that it bounces high on landing.
noun
noun: undercut; plural noun: undercuts
/ˈʌndəkʌt/
1.
a space formed by the removal or absence of material from the lower part of something.
"there may be some bigger fish in the safety of the undercut"
North American
a notch cut in a tree trunk to guide its fall when felled.
2.
British
the underside of a sirloin of beef.
3.
a hairstyle in which the hair is shaved or cut very short on the sides or back of the head but left relatively long on top.
"she styled her short bob into an edgy undercut"
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41.
revel
/ˈrɛvl/
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verb
verb: revel; 3rd person present: revels; past tense: revelled; past participle: revelled; gerund or present participle: revelling; past tense: reveled; past participle: reveled; gerund or present participle: reveling
enjoy oneself in a lively and noisy way, especially with drinking and dancing.
"they spent the evening revelling with their guests"
h
Similar:
celebrate
make merry
have a party
party
feast
eat
drink
and be merry
carouse
roister
have fun
have a good time
enjoy oneself
go on a spree
live it up
whoop it up
have a fling
have a ball
make whoopee
rave
paint the town red
push the boat out
spree
h
Opposite:
mourn
get great pleasure from (a situation or experience).
"Bill said he was secretly revelling in his new-found fame"
h
Similar:
enjoy
delight in
love
like
adore
be entertained by
be amused by
be pleased by
take pleasure in
appreciate
relish
lap up
savour
luxuriate in
bask in
wallow in
glory in
gloat over
feel self-satisfied about
crow about
get a kick out of
get a thrill out of
h
Opposite:
hate
noun
noun: revel; plural noun: revels
lively and noisy enjoyment, especially with drinking and dancing.
"late-night revels"
h
Similar:
celebration
festivity
jollification
merrymaking
carousal
carouse
spree
debauch
bacchanal
party
jamboree
rave
shindig
bash
jag
do
rave-up
knees-up
jolly
thrash
beano
beanfeast
hooley
crack
wingding
blast
shivoo
rage
ding
jollo
Origin
late Middle English: from Old French reveler ‘rise up in rebellion’, from Latin rebellare ‘to rebel’.
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42.
backdrop
/ˈbakdrɒp/
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noun
noun: backdrop; plural noun: backdrops
a painted cloth hung at the back of a theatre stage as part of the scenery.
the setting or background for a scene, event, or situation.
"the conference took place against a backdrop of increasing diplomatic activity"
verb
verb: backdrop; 3rd person present: backdrops; past tense: backdropped; past participle: backdropped; gerund or present participle: backdropping
lie behind or beyond; serve as a background to.
"the rolling hills that backdropped our camp"
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43.
ratchet1
/ˈratʃɪt/
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See definitions in:
all
mechanics
finance
economics
noun
noun: ratchet; plural noun: ratchets
1.
a device consisting of a bar or wheel with a set of angled teeth in which a cog or tooth engages, allowing motion in one direction only.
"a ratchet screwdriver"
a bar or wheel that forms part of a ratchet.
2.
a situation or process that is perceived to be changing in a series of irreversible steps.
"the upward ratchet of property taxes"
verb
verb: ratchet; 3rd person present: ratchets; past tense: ratcheted; past participle: ratcheted; gerund or present participle: ratcheting
1.
operate by means of a ratchet.
"a ratcheted quick release system"
2.
cause something to rise or fall as a step in a steady and irreversible process.
"the Bank of Japan ratcheted up interest rates again"
rise or fall as a step in a steady and irreversible process.
"the budget deficit continues to ratchet upward"
Origin
mid 17th century: from French rochet, originally denoting a blunt lance head, later in the sense ‘bobbin, ratchet’; related to the base of archaic rock ‘quantity of wool on a distaff for spinning’.
ratchet2
/ˈratʃɪt/
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adjective
derogatory•informal
adjective: ratchet
(especially in African American usage) unattractively coarse, disreputable, or unfashionable (typically used of a woman).
"she looks so ratchet in that dress"
(of a thing) rough, crude, or unsophisticated.
"that party was ratchet"
Origin
1990s: perhaps derived from wretched or possibly from ratshit.
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44.
vitriol
/ˈvɪtrɪəl/
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noun
noun: vitriol
1.
bitter criticism or malice.
"her mother's sudden gush of fury and vitriol"
2.
archaic•literary
sulphuric acid.
"it was as if his words were spraying vitriol on her face"
in names of metallic sulphates, e.g. blue vitriol (copper sulphate) and green vitriol (ferrous sulphate).
Origin
late Middle English (denoting the sulphate of various metals): from Old French, or from medieval Latin vitriolum, from Latin vitrum ‘glass’.
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45.
cri de cœur
/ˌkriː də ˈkəː/
noun
noun: cri de cœur; plural noun: cris de cœur
a passionate appeal, complaint, or protest.
"a patriotic cris de coeur"
Origin
French, ‘cry from the heart’.
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46.
shrift
/ʃrɪft/
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nounarchaic
noun: shrift; plural noun: shrifts
confession, especially to a priest.
"go to shrift"
absolution by a priest.
Origin
Old English scrift ‘penance imposed after confession’, from shrive.
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47.
absolution
/ˌabsəˈluːʃn/
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noun
noun: absolution; plural noun: absolutions
formal release from guilt, obligation, or punishment.
"absolution from the sentence"
h
Similar:
forgiveness
pardoning
exoneration
remission
dispensation
indulgence
purgation
clemency
mercy
pardon
reprieve
discharge
amnesty
delivery
acquittal
clearing
freedom
liberation
deliverance
release
condoning
vindication
exculpation
let-off
letting off
shrift
shriving
h
Opposite:
punishment
ecclesiastical declaration that a person's sins have been forgiven.
"she had been granted absolution for her sins"
Origin
Old English absolutionem (after Latin), from Latin absolutio(n- ), from the verb absolvere (see absolve); subsequently reinforced by Old French absolution .
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48.
vibrissae
/vʌɪˈbrɪsiː/
noun
plural noun: vibrissae; noun: vibrissa
Zoology
long stiff hairs growing around the mouth or elsewhere on the face of many mammals, used as organs of touch; whiskers.
Ornithology
coarse bristle-like feathers growing around the gape of certain insectivorous birds that catch insects in flight.
Origin
late 17th century: from Latin, literally ‘nostril hairs’.
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49.
lucid
/ˈl(j)uːsɪd/
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adjective
adjective: lucid
1.
expressed clearly; easy to understand.
"a lucid account"
h
Similar:
intelligible
comprehensible
understandable
cogent
coherent
communicative
articulate
eloquent
clear
clear-cut
crystal clear
transparent
plain
simple
direct
vivid
sharp
straightforward
perspicuous
unambiguous
graphic
explicit
joined-up
h
Opposite:
confusing
unclear
ambiguous
showing or having the ability to think clearly, especially in intervals between periods of confusion or insanity.
"he has a few lucid moments every now and then"
h
Similar:
rational
sane
in one's right mind
of sound mind
able to think clearly
normal
balanced
well balanced
sensible
clear-headed
right-minded
sober
compos mentis
all there
with all one's marbles
h
Opposite:
muddled
Psychology
(of a dream) experienced with the dreamer feeling awake, aware of dreaming, and able to control events consciously.
2.
literary
bright or luminous.
"birds dipped their wings in the lucid flow of air"
h
Similar:
bright
shining
gleaming
luminous
radiant
brilliant
glowing
dazzling
lustrous
luminescent
phosphorescent
lucent
lambent
effulgent
refulgent
h
Opposite:
dark
dull
Origin
late 16th century (in lucid (sense 2)): from Latin lucidus (perhaps via French lucide or Italian lucido ) from lucere ‘shine’, from lux, luc- ‘light’.
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50.
reprisal
/rɪˈprʌɪzl/
Learn to pronounce
noun
plural noun: reprisals
an act of retaliation.
"three youths died in the reprisals which followed"
h
Similar:
retaliation
counterattack
counterstroke
comeback
revenge
vengeance
retribution
requital
recrimination
an eye for an eye
a tooth for a tooth
tit for tat
getting even
redress
repayment
payback
lex talionis
a taste of one's own medicine
ultion
a Roland for an Oliver
historical
the forcible seizure of a foreign subject or their goods as an act of retaliation.
Origin
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French reprisaille, from medieval Latin reprisalia (neuter plural), based on Latin repraehens- ‘seized’, from the verb repraehendere (see reprehend). The current sense dates from the early 18th century.
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51.
confer
/kənˈfəː/
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verb
gerund or present participle: conferring
1.
grant (a title, degree, benefit, or right).
"the Minister may have exceeded the powers conferred on him by Parliament"
h
Similar:
bestow on
present with/to
grant to
award to
decorate with
honour with
give to
give out to
gift with
endow with
vest in
hand out to
extend to
vouchsafe to
accord to
h
Opposite:
withhold
remove
2.
have discussions; exchange opinions.
"the officials were conferring with allies"
h
Similar:
consult
have discussions
discuss things
exchange views
talk
have a talk
speak
converse
communicate
have a chat
have a tête-à-tête
negotiate
have negotiations
have talks
parley
palaver
have a confab
chew the fat/rag
jaw
rap
powwow
confabulate
Origin
late Middle English (in the general sense ‘bring together’, also in confer (sense 2)): from Latin conferre, from con- ‘together’ + ferre ‘bring’.
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52.
yonder
/ˈjɒndə/
Learn to pronounce
adverbarchaic•dialect
adverb: yonder
at some distance in the direction indicated; over there.
"there's a ford south of here, about nine miles yonder"
determinerarchaic•dialect
determiner: yonder
that or those (used to refer to something situated at a distance).
"what light through yonder window breaks?"
noun
noun: yonder
the far distance.
"attempting to fly off into the wide blue yonder"
Origin
Middle English: of Germanic origin; related to Dutch ginder ‘over there’, also to yon.
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53.
pigtail
/ˈpɪɡteɪl/
Learn to pronounce
See definitions in:
all
hairdressing
electrical
smoking
noun
noun: pigtail; plural noun: pigtails; noun: pig-tail; plural noun: pig-tails
1.
a plaited lock of hair worn singly at the back or on each side of the head.
"she had her hair done in pigtails"
2.
a short length of braided wire connecting a stationary part to a moving part in an electrical device.
3.
a thin twist of tobacco.
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