May 17, 2011
The day had been really crazy, I didn’t study enough and it is fucking exam time. Tell me this is not true, I will study, I am studying. I was sleeping all day, almost whole day. I didn’t cover enough of the topics, I didn’t cover any. This is crazy. I went down in the evening to synch randomly downloaded subtitles from the internet with the slasher movie ‘Halloween (9)’ I downloaded.
In the morning, buaji rebuked me for not filling water bottles she had wished I would fill. What I have come here for, and who drinks from the bottles?
God bless me
Ashish
1.
cuddle
/ˈkʌd(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: cuddle; 3rd person present: cuddles; past tense: cuddled; past participle: cuddled; gerund or present participle: cuddling
hold close in one's arms as a way of showing love or affection.
"he cuddles the baby close"
h
Similar:
hug
embrace
clasp
hold tight
hold in one's arms
fold in one's arms
caress
pet
fondle
canoodle
smooch
spoon
bill and coo
snuggle
nestle
curl
nuzzle
lie close
burrow against
huddle against
snug down
lie or sit close.
"Rebecca cuddled up to Mum"
informal
ingratiate oneself with.
"they need to stop cuddling up to big business and instead put people first"
noun
noun: cuddle; plural noun: cuddles
a prolonged and affectionate hug.
"he just wanted a comforting kiss and a cuddle"
h
Similar:
hug
embrace
bear hug
---
2.
puddle
/ˈpʌd(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
See definitions in:
all
civil engineering
rowing
mining
metallurgy
noun
noun: puddle; plural noun: puddles
1.
a small pool of liquid, especially of rainwater on the ground.
"splashing through deep puddles"
h
Similar:
pool
spill
splash
plash
2.
clay and sand mixed with water and used as a watertight covering for embankments.
3.
Rowing
a circular patch of disturbed water made by the blade of an oar at each stroke.
verb
verb: puddle; 3rd person present: puddles; past tense: puddled; past participle: puddled; gerund or present participle: puddling
1.
wet or cover (a surface) with water, especially rainwater.
"the cobbles under our feet were wet and puddled"
(of liquid) form a small pool.
"rivulets of water coursed down the panes, puddling on the sill"
archaic
dabble or wallow in mud or shallow water.
"children are playing and puddling about in the dirt"
2.
line (a hole) with puddle.
"he dug and puddled a large pond"
knead (clay and sand) into puddle.
work (mixed water and clay) to separate gold or opal.
historical
stir (molten iron) with iron oxide in a furnace, to produce wrought iron by oxidizing carbon.
noun: puddling
"my father helped puddle the iron that has braced this city's rising towers"
Phrases
puddle around — occupy oneself in a disorganized or unproductive way.
"the internet is just the latest excuse for puddling around at work"
Origin
Middle English: diminutive of Old English pudd ‘ditch, furrow’; compare with German dialect Pfudel ‘pool’.
---
3.
leath means
English: topographic name for someone who lived by or worked at a barn, Middle English lathe, from Old Norse hlaða.
---
4.
dizzying
/ˈdɪzɪˌɪŋ/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: dizzying
causing someone to feel unsteady, confused, or amazed.
"the dizzying rate of change"
dizzy
/ˈdɪzi/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: dizzying
make (someone) feel unsteady, confused, or amazed.
"her nearness dizzied him"
Origin
---
5:
tacky1
/ˈtaki/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
comparative adjective: tackier
(of glue, paint, or other substances) not fully dry and retaining a slightly sticky feel.
"the paint was still tacky"
h
Similar:
sticky
wet
gluey
gummy
glutinous
adhesive
viscous
viscid
treacly
syrupy
runny
clinging
sticking
gooey
tacky2
/ˈtaki/
Learn to pronounce
adjectiveinformal
comparative adjective: tackier
showing poor taste and quality.
"even in her faintly tacky costumes, she won our hearts"
h
Similar:
tawdry
tasteless
kitsch
vulgar
crude
garish
gaudy
showy
loud
trashy
cheap
cheap and nasty
nasty
common
second-rate
Brummagem
flash
flashy
tatty
naff
h
Opposite:
tasteful
refined
Origin
early 19th century: of unknown origin. Early use was as a noun denoting a horse of little value, later applied to a poor white in some Southern states of the US, hence ‘shabby, cheap, in bad taste’ (mid 19th century).
---
6:
dread
/drɛd/
Learn to pronounce
Filter definitions by topic
See definitions in:
all
zoology
religion · informal
hairdressing · informal
verb
3rd person present: dreads
1.
anticipate with great apprehension or fear.
"Jane was dreading the party"
h
Similar:
fear
be afraid of
worry about
be anxious about
have forebodings about
feel apprehensive about
be terrified by
cower at
tremble/shudder at
cringe from
shrink from
quail from
flinch from
have cold feet about
be in a blue funk about
h
Opposite:
look forward to
2.
archaic
regard with great awe or reverence.
"the man whom Henry dreaded as the future champion of English freedom"
noun
plural noun: dreads
1.
great fear or apprehension.
"the thought of returning to London filled her with dread"
h
Similar:
fear
fearfulness
apprehension
trepidation
anxiety
worry
concern
foreboding
disquiet
disquietude
unease
uneasiness
angst
fright
panic
alarm
terror
horror
trembling
shuddering
flinching
the jitters
a blue funk
the heebie-jeebies
h
Opposite:
confidence
2.
a sudden take-off and flight of a flock of gulls or other birds.
"flocks of wood sandpiper, often excitable, noisy, and given to dreads"
3.
informal
a person with dreadlocks.
"the band appeals to dreads and baldheads alike"
dreadlocks.
"Lyon combed his fingers through Curtis' dreads"
Origin
---
7:
appalling
/əˈpɔːlɪŋ/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: appalling
causing shock or dismay; horrific.
"the cat suffered appalling injuries during the attack"
h
Similar:
shocking
horrific
horrifying
horrible
terrible
awful
dreadful
ghastly
hideous
horrendous
frightful
atrocious
abominable
abhorrent
outrageous
hateful
loathsome
odious
gruesome
grisly
monstrous
nightmarish
heinous
harrowing
dire
vile
shameful
unspeakable
unforgivable
unpardonable
abject
disgusting
revolting
repellent
repulsive
repugnant
sickening
nauseating
egregious
very bad; awful.
"his conduct was appalling"
h
Similar:
dreadful
very bad
awful
terrible
frightful
atrocious
disgraceful
deplorable
shameful
hopeless
lamentable
laughable
substandard
poor
inadequate
inferior
unsatisfactory
rotten
woeful
crummy
pathetic
pitiful
useless
lousy
godawful
shocking
abysmal
dire
the pits
duff
chronic
pants
poxy
hellacious
h
Opposite:
admirable
excellent
appal
/əˈpɔːl/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: appalling
greatly dismay or horrify.
"bankers are appalled at the economic incompetence of some ministers"
h
Similar:
horrify
shock
dismay
distress greatly
outrage
scandalize
alarm
make someone's blood run cold
disgust
repel
revolt
sicken
nauseate
offend
Origin
---
8:
obliterate
/əˈblɪtəreɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: obliterated; past participle: obliterated
destroy utterly; wipe out.
"the memory was so painful that he obliterated it from his mind"
h
Similar:
destroy
wipe out
annihilate
exterminate
extirpate
demolish
eliminate
eradicate
kill
decimate
liquidate
wipe off the face of the earth
wipe off the map
zap
h
Opposite:
create
establish
make invisible or indistinct; conceal or cover.
"clouds were darkening, obliterating the sun"
cancel (something, especially a postage stamp) to prevent further use.
"the special stamp should be placed on the left-hand side and not be used to obliterate the postage stamp"
h
Similar:
erase
eradicate
expunge
efface
blot out
rub out
wipe out
remove all traces of
blank out
block out
delete
strike out
cancel
cross out
ink out
score out
Origin
---
9:
quell
/kwɛl/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: quell; 3rd person present: quells; past tense: quelled; past participle: quelled; gerund or present participle: quelling
put an end to (a rebellion or other disorder), typically by the use of force.
"extra police were called to quell the disturbance"
h
Similar:
put an end to
stamp out
put a stop to
end
finish
get rid of
crush
put down
check
crack down on
curb
nip in the bud
thwart
frustrate
squash
quash
subdue
suppress
repress
quench
extinguish
stifle
abolish
terminate
beat
overcome
defeat
rout
destroy
demolish
annihilate
wipe out
extirpate
squelch
put the kibosh on
clobber
h
Opposite:
bring about
prompt
subdue or silence (someone).
"Connor quelled him with a look"
suppress (a feeling).
"she quelled an urge to race up the stairs"
h
Similar:
calm
soothe
pacify
settle
put at rest
lull
silence
put behind one
rise above
allay
appease
stay
assuage
abate
deaden
dull
tranquillize
mitigate
moderate
palliate
quieten
quiet
h
Opposite:
succumb to
Origin
---
10:
tedious
/ˈtiːdɪəs/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: tedious
too long, slow, or dull; tiresome or monotonous.
"a tedious journey"
h
Similar:
boring
monotonous
dull
deadly dull
uninteresting
unexciting
unvaried
unvarying
lacking variety
mind-numbing
mindless
soul-destroying
soulless
humdrum
dreary
ho-hum
mundane
wearisome
wearying
tiresome
soporific
dry
as dry as dust
arid
lifeless
colourless
monochrome
uninspired
uninspiring
flat
plodding
slow
banal
vapid
insipid
bland
lacklustre
prosaic
run-of-the-mill
pedestrian
jejune
leaden
heavy
long-drawn-out
overlong
long-winded
prolix
laborious
ponderous
endless
interminable
mechanical
routine
dreich
deadly
draggy
samey
dullsville
h
Opposite:
exciting
interesting
Origin
---
11.
torment
noun
plural noun: torments
/ˈtɔːmɛnt/
severe physical or mental suffering.
"their deaths have left both families in torment"
h
Similar:
agony
suffering
torture
pain
anguish
misery
distress
affliction
trauma
wretchedness
woe
hell
purgatory
excruciation
h
Opposite:
pleasure
joy
a cause of severe suffering.
"the journey must have been a torment for them"
h
Similar:
ordeal
affliction
scourge
curse
plague
bane
thorn in someone's side/flesh
cross to bear
calamity
sorrow
tribulation
vexation
persecution
trouble
pest
irritation
irritant
annoyance
worry
nuisance
misfortune
bother
discomfort
soreness
harassment
pain in the neck
verb
3rd person present: torments
/tɔːˈmɛnt/
cause to experience severe mental or physical suffering.
"he was tormented by jealousy"
h
Similar:
torture
afflict
harrow
plague
distress
agonize
cause agony to
cause suffering to
cause pain to
inflict anguish on
excruciate
crucify
rack
pain
mortify
worry
trouble
abuse
maltreat
mistreat
molest
annoy or provoke in an unkind way.
"every day I have kids tormenting me because they know I live alone"
h
Similar:
tease
taunt
victimize
bully
bait
chaff
harass
rib
scorn
irritate
vex
annoy
pester
badger
harry
hector
plague
be a nuisance to
bother
trouble
bedevil
be a pest to
nag
persecute
worry
nettle
chivvy
irk
needle
rag
hassle
aggravate
h
Opposite:
encourage
support
Origin
---
12.
denigrate
/ˈdɛnɪɡreɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: denigrating
criticize unfairly; disparage.
"doom and gloom merchants who denigrate their own country"
h
Similar:
disparage
belittle
diminish
deprecate
cast aspersions on
decry
criticize unfairly
attack
speak ill of
speak badly of
blacken the character of
blacken the name of
give someone a bad name
sully the reputation of
spread lies about
defame
slander
libel
calumniate
besmirch
run down
abuse
insult
slight
revile
malign
vilify
slur
bad-mouth
do a hatchet job on
pull to pieces
pull apart
sling mud at
throw mud at
drag through the mud
rubbish
slag off
have a go at
slate
asperse
derogate
vilipend
vituperate
h
Opposite:
extol
Origin
---
13.
weave1
/wiːv/
Learn to pronounce
See definitions in:
all
textiles
hairdressing
air force
veterinary
riding
verb
3rd person present: weaves
1.
form (fabric or a fabric item) by interlacing long threads passing in one direction with others at a right angle to them.
"textiles woven from linen or wool"
h
Similar:
entwine
lace
work
twist
knit
interlace
intertwine
interwork
intertwist
interknit
twist together
criss-cross
braid
twine
plait
interlace (threads) so as to form fabric.
"some thick mohairs can be difficult to weave"
2.
make (a complex story or pattern) from a number of interconnected elements.
"he weaves colourful, cinematic plots"
h
Similar:
invent
make up
fabricate
put together
construct
create
contrive
spin
tell
recount
relate
narrate
unfold
include an element in (a story or pattern).
"interpretative comments are woven into the narrative"
noun
plural noun: weaves
1.
a particular style or manner in which something is woven.
"cloth of a very fine weave"
2.
a hairstyle created by weaving pieces of real or artificial hair into a person's existing hair, typically in order to increase its length or thickness.
"trailers show him with dyed blond hair and, in one scene, a flowing blond weave"
Origin
---
14.
withering
/ˈwɪðərɪŋ/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: withering
1.
intended to make someone feel humiliated; scornful.
"a withering look"
h
Similar:
scornful
contemptuous
full of contempt
mocking
sneering
scathing
stinging
searing
blistering
biting
devastating
supercilious
disdainful
superior
dismissive
humiliating
mortifying
h
Opposite:
encouraging
admiring
2.
(of heat) intense; scorching.
"protective cover to escape withering heat"
wither
/ˈwɪðə/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: withering
1.
(of a plant) become dry and shrivelled.
"the grass had withered to an unappealing brown"
h
Similar:
wilt
become limp
droop
fade
shrivel (up)
dry up
die
perish
become marcescent
h
Opposite:
thrive
flourish
(of a part of the body) become shrunken or wrinkled from age or disease.
"the flesh had withered away"
h
Similar:
waste (away)
become shrunken
shrivel (up)
atrophy
decay
h
Opposite:
strengthen
2.
fall into decay or decline.
"it is not true that old myths either die or wither away"
h
Similar:
diminish
dwindle
shrink
lessen
fade
ebb (away)
wane
weaken
languish
evaporate
melt away
disappear
h
Opposite:
grow
cause to decline or deteriorate; weaken.
"a business that can wither the hardiest ego"
(of the state in Marxist theory) cease to exist because no longer necessary after the dictatorship of the proletariat has implemented the necessary changes in society.
"the state in socialist societies has failed to wither away"
3.
humiliate (someone) with a scornful look or manner.
"she withered him with a glance"
Origin
---
15.
unbeknown
/ʌnbɪˈnəʊn/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: unbeknownst
without the knowledge of (someone).
"unbeknown to me, she made some enquiries"
Origin
---
16.
credo
/ˈkriːdəʊ,ˈkreɪdəʊ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: credo; plural noun: credos
a statement of the beliefs or aims which guide someone's actions.
"he announced his credo in his first editorial"
a creed of the Christian Church in Latin.
noun: Credo; plural noun: Credos
a musical setting of the Nicene Creed, typically as part of a mass.
noun: Credo
"the Credo of Bach's B minor Mass"
Origin
---
17.
dismal
/ˈdɪzm(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: dismal
causing a mood of gloom or depression.
"the dismal weather made the late afternoon seem like evening"
h
Similar:
dingy
dim
dark
gloomy
sombre
dreary
drab
dull
desolate
bleak
cheerless
comfortless
depressing
grim
funereal
inhospitable
uninviting
unwelcoming
h
Opposite:
bright
cheerful
(of a person or their mood) gloomy.
"his dismal mood was not dispelled by finding the house empty"
h
Similar:
gloomy
glum
mournful
melancholy
morose
doleful
woeful
woebegone
forlorn
abject
dejected
depressed
dispirited
downcast
crestfallen
despondent
disconsolate
miserable
sad
unhappy
sorrowful
sorrowing
desolate
wretched
lugubrious
blue
fed up
down in the dumps
down in the mouth
as sick as a parrot
dolorous
chap-fallen
h
Opposite:
cheerful
informal
pitifully or disgracefully bad.
"he shuddered as he watched his team's dismal performance"
h
Similar:
bad
poor
dreadful
awful
terrible
pitiful
disgraceful
lamentable
deplorable
inferior
mediocre
unsatisfactory
inadequate
second-rate
third-rate
shoddy
inept
bungling
crummy
dire
diabolical
bum
rotten
pathetic
lousy
duff
rubbish
ropy
chronic
pants
a load of pants
poxy
direful
egregious
vulgar slang
crap
crappy
shitty
chickenshit
h
Opposite:
excellent
Phrases
the dismals
low spirits. "a fit of the dismals"
the dismal science
economics.
Origin
late Middle English: from earlier dismal (noun), denoting the two days in each month which in medieval times were believed to be unlucky, from Anglo-Norman French dis mal, from medieval Latin dies mali ‘evil days’.
---
18.
travesty
/ˈtravɪsti/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: travesty; plural noun: travesties
a false, absurd, or distorted representation of something.
"the absurdly lenient sentence is a travesty of justice"
"It is not news, it is travesty."
Similar:
misrepresentation
distortion
perversion
corruption
poor imitation
poor substitute
mockery
parody
caricature
farce
charade
pantomime
sham
apology for
excuse for
verb
verb: travesty; 3rd person present: travesties; past tense: travestied; past participle: travestied; gerund or present participle: travestying
represent in a false, absurd, or distorted way.
"Michael has betrayed the family by travestying them in his plays"
h
Similar:
misrepresent
parody
caricature
burlesque
mock
make a mockery of
ridicule
make fun of
distort
pervert
Origin
---
19.
trove
/trəʊv/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: trove; plural noun: troves
a store of valuable or delightful things.
"the cellar contained a trove of rare wines"
Origin
---
20.
disarray
/dɪsəˈreɪ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: disarray; plural noun: disarrays
a state of disorganization or untidiness.
"her grey hair was in disarray"
h
Similar:
disorder
confusion
chaos
untidiness
dishevelment
mess
muddle
clutter
jumble
mix-up
tangle
hotchpotch
shambles
omnishambles
disorganization
lack of order
discomposure
disunity
indiscipline
unruliness
h
Opposite:
tidiness
orderliness
verb
verb: disarray; 3rd person present: disarrays; past tense: disarrayed; past participle: disarrayed; gerund or present participle: disarraying
1.
throw into a state of disorganization or untidiness.
"the inspection disarrayed the usual schedule"
h
Similar:
disarrange
make untidy
bring/throw into disarray
bring/throw into disorder
disorganize
turn upside-down
unsettle
dishevel
tousle
rumple
h
Opposite:
tidy
organize
2.
literary
undress (someone).
"attendant damsels to help to disarray her"
Origin
---
21.
bigot
/ˈbɪɡət/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: bigot; plural noun: bigots
a person who is obstinately or unreasonably attached to a belief, opinion, or faction, especially one who is prejudiced against or antagonistic towards a person or people on the basis of their membership of a particular group.
"don't let a few small-minded bigots destroy the good image of the city"
h
Similar:
dogmatist
partisan
sectarian
prejudiced person
racist
racialist
sexist
homophobe
chauvinist
jingoist
anti-Semite
male chauvinist pig
MCP
Origin
---
22.
middling
/ˈmɪd(ə)lɪŋ/
Learn to pronounce
See definitions in:
all
commerce
sports
adjective
adjective: middling
moderate or average in size, amount, or rank.
"people on middling incomes"
h
Similar:
average
standard
normal
middle-of-the-road
in-between
medium
moderate
ordinary
common
commonplace
everyday
workaday
tolerable
passable
adequate
run-of-the-mill
fair
indifferent
mediocre
pedestrian
prosaic
uninspired
undistinguished
unexceptional
unexciting
unremarkable
lacklustre
forgettable
inferior
second-rate
amateur
amateurish
OK
so-so
bog-standard
fair-to-middling
(plain) vanilla
nothing to write home about
no great shakes
not so hot
not up to much
half-pie
neither very good nor very bad.
"he had had a good to middling season"
informal
(of a person) in reasonably good but not perfect health.
"‘How are you?’ - ‘Middling,’ he admitted"
noun
plural noun: middlings; noun: middling
bulk goods of medium grade, especially flour of medium fineness.
adverbdated•informal
adverb: middling
fairly or moderately.
"middling rich"
Origin
---
23.
wretched
/ˈrɛtʃɪd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: wretched; comparative adjective: wretcheder; superlative adjective: wretchedest
(of a person) in a very unhappy or unfortunate state.
"I felt so wretched because I thought I might never see you again"
h
Similar:
miserable
unhappy
sad
broken-hearted
heartbroken
grief-stricken
grieving
sorrowful
sorrowing
mourning
anguished
distressed
desolate
devastated
despairing
inconsolable
disconsolate
downcast
down
downhearted
dejected
crestfallen
cheerless
depressed
melancholy
morose
gloomy
glum
mournful
doleful
dismal
forlorn
woeful
woebegone
abject
low-spirited
long-faced
blue
down in the mouth
down in the dumps
choked
cut up
gutted
dolorous
chap-fallen
unfortunate
unlucky
luckless
down on one's luck
ill-starred
star-crossed
damned
blighted
hapless
poor
pitiable
downtrodden
oppressed
powerless
helpless
h
Opposite:
cheerful
fortunate
of poor quality; very bad.
"the wretched conditions of the slums"
h
Similar:
harsh
hard
grim
stark
difficult
poor
poverty-stricken
run down
down at heel
impoverished
pitiful
piteous
pathetic
tragic
miserable
bleak
cheerless
hopeless
sorry
sordid
shabby
seedy
dilapidated
shoddy
godforsaken
scummy
crummy
grotty
terrible
awful
dire
dreadful
atrocious
unspeakable
dismal
bad
lamentable
deplorable
unsatisfactory
substandard
low-quality
inferior
yucky
godawful
beastly
pants
a load of pants
h
Opposite:
comfortable
luxurious
excellent
used to express anger or annoyance.
"she disliked the wretched man intensely"
h
Similar:
despicable
contemptible
beyond contempt
reprehensible
base
low
vile
mean
scurvy
abominable
loathsome
hateful
detestable
odious
disreputable
depraved
debased
infamous
villainous
ignoble
shameful
shabby
worthless
dirty
filthy
dirty rotten
rotten
low-down
no-good
lousy
beastly
damn
damned
blasted
blessed
flaming
precious
confounded
flipping
blinking
blooming
blimming
bloody
bleeding
effing
naffing
chuffing
goddam
plurry
bally
ruddy
deuced
vulgar slang
fucking
frigging
sodding
fecking
h
Opposite:
worthy
admirable
Origin
1:
Tu Mu says: "Rewards are necessary in order to make the soldiers see the advantage of beating the enemy; thus, when you capture spoils from the enemy, they must be used as rewards, so that all your men may have a keen desire to fight, each on his own account."
2:
Ho Shih remarks: "War is not a thing to be trifled with."
3:
Maybe I should at least wait, to help you, until it's clear that you want to be helped. Carl Rogers, the famous humanistic psychologist, believed it was impossible to start a therapeutic relationship if the person seeking help did not want to improve. Rogers believed it was impossible to convince someone to change for the better. The desire to improve was, instead, the precondition for progress. I've had court-mandated psychotherapy clients. They did not want my help. They were forced to seek it. It did not work. It was a travesty.
4:
There will always be people better than you - that's a cliché of nihilism, like the phrase, "In a million years, who's going to know the difference?"
The proper response to that statement is not, Well, then, everything is meaningless. It is, and "Any idiot can choose a frame of time within which nothing matters."
5:
Consult your resentment. It's a revelatory emotion, for all its pathology. It's part of an evil triad: arrogance, deceit, and resentment. Nothing causes more harm than this underworld Trinity. But resentment always means one of two things. Either the resentful person is immature, in which case he or she should shut up, quit whining, and get on with it, or there is tyranny afoot - in which case the person subjugated has a moral obligation to speak up.
6:
Definition of 'to see the light of day'
If something sees the light of day at a particular time, it comes into existence or is made known to the public at that time.
This extraordinary document first saw the light of day in 1966.
7:
femme fatale
/ˌfam fəˈtɑːl/
noun
noun: femme fatale; plural noun: femmes fatales
an attractive and seductive woman, especially one who is likely to cause distress or disaster to a man who becomes involved with her.
"a femme fatale who plays one man off against another in pursuit of money"
h
Similar:
seductress
temptress
siren
enchantress
sorceress
charmer
(base) E:\Workspace\react_native>expo init msg_tracker
√ Choose a template: » blank a minimal app as clean as an empty canvas
√ Downloaded and extracted project files.
📦 Using npm to install packages.
√ Installed JavaScript dependencies.
✅ Your project is ready!
To run your project, navigate to the directory and run one of the following npm commands.
- cd msg_tracker
- npm start # you can open iOS, Android, or web from here, or run them directly with the commands below.
- npm run android
- npm run ios # requires an iOS device or macOS for access to an iOS simulator
- npm run web
(base) E:\Workspace\react_native>
(base) E:\Workspace\react_native>cd msg_tracker
(base) E:\Workspace\react_native\msg_tracker>dir
Volume in drive E is New Volume
Volume Serial Number is 5086-28BA
Directory of E:\Workspace\react_native\msg_tracker
12/22/2021 07:13 PM <DIR> .
12/22/2021 07:13 PM <DIR> ..
12/22/2021 07:11 PM <DIR> .expo-shared
10/26/1985 01:45 PM 119 .gitignore
10/26/1985 01:45 PM 454 App.js
12/22/2021 07:11 PM 654 app.json
12/22/2021 07:11 PM <DIR> assets
10/26/1985 01:45 PM 107 babel.config.js
12/22/2021 07:12 PM <DIR> node_modules
12/22/2021 07:13 PM 665,238 package-lock.json
12/22/2021 07:11 PM 537 package.json
6 File(s) 667,109 bytes
5 Dir(s) 579,593,072,640 bytes free
(base) E:\Workspace\react_native\msg_tracker>type App.js
import { StatusBar } from 'expo-status-bar';
import { StyleSheet, Text, View } from 'react-native';
export default function App() {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text>Open up App.js to start working on your app!</Text>
<StatusBar style="auto" />
</View>
);
}
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
backgroundColor: '#fff',
alignItems: 'center',
justifyContent: 'center',
},
});
Step 5: Starting the application with "$ expo start"
Before running "expo start", make sure that your Desktop and Phone are on same WiFi network, in my case it is Airtel-MyWiFi.
(base) E:\Workspace\react_native\msg_tracker>expo start
Starting project at E:\Workspace\react_native\msg_tracker
Developer tools running on http://localhost:19002
Starting Metro Bundler
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█ ▄▄▄▄▄ █ ▀▀▄ ▄██ █ ▄▄▄▄▄ █
█ █ █ ███ ▄▄ ▄▄ █ █ █ █
█ █▄▄▄█ █ ▄▄ █ ██▄█ █▄▄▄█ █
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█▄▄▄▄▄▄▄█▄█▄▄██▄▄▄▄█▄▄███▄█
› Metro waiting on exp://192.168.1.102:19000
› Scan the QR code above with Expo Go (Android) or the Camera app (iOS)
› Press a │ open Android
› Press w │ open web
› Press r │ reload app
› Press m │ toggle menu
› Press d │ show developer tools
› shift+d │ toggle auto opening developer tools on startup (disabled)
› Press ? │ show all commands
Logs for your project will appear below. Press Ctrl+C to exit.
Once you have scanned the QR code from phone, following logs will appear:
Android Bundling complete 10901ms
Android Running app on M2006C3LI
1. Data and Database
2. Database Schema and Instance of DB
3. Data View & Data Independence
4. Data base Management System
5. Purpose of Designing DBMS
6. Evolution of DBMS
7. Database Languages
8. Database User's & Its Administration
9. Structure of Database System and
10. Functionality of Various Components
~~~
Data & Database :
Data : Collection of Facts and Statistics together regarding an Object or Case or Scenario.
Information : Meaningful data.
Database : A place of storing or maintaining data.
Statistics : Statistical process output, that deal with finding new things/facts from existing one based on analyzing collections, organizations and presentations.
Database Schema & Instance
DB Schema : Overall structure of database. Defined using Data Definition Language by Database Administrator .
Instance of DB : Database state at a particular time. That can change with time. For Example :- Medical History database.
~~~
Data View : Look and structure at different levels
Physical Level : How it is stored in file on Hard disk (Sequence of Blocks / Bytes).
Logical Level : Overall logical structure of database, defined by administrator using Data Definition Language (DDL).
View or User Level : The format in which user access the data , only of their concern. In terms of Records / Objects / View.
Data Independence : Changes in the schema of database at any level , doesn't affect on the schema of any other level
~~~
Database Management System
Collection of Inter-related data and set of programs which are used to access these data.
Database is a part of DBMS.
Purpose of Designing DBMS
To maintain a Information System for an enterprise .
To provide secure and efficient access and management of data, and
To provide end user with abstract view of data. In other word they don't need to know how to access data and how it is stored internally.
~~~
Evolution of DBMS
To overcome the problems that occurs while maintaining information System (Database) of an Enterprise in terms of collection of Files (File Processing System).
Disadvantages of using File Processing System :
Data Access Problem
Data Isolation Problem
Data Redundancy & Inconsistency Problem
Data Atomicity (Transaction Management) Problem
Concurrent Access Anomalies
Security Implementation Problem and
Data Integrity Maintenance Problem (Domain, Entity, Validity and Referential Integrity)
File Processing System :
In FPS all the data related to an organization / enterprise are stored in different files based on format of data. To access different types of data from different files, there is a need of separate data access programs. As the size of data increases (In parallel additional data access programs are required) their management becomes difficult.
~~~
Database Languages : The languages which are used to access and manipulate data of database ( Database Interaction languages )
For Example : SQL ( Structured Query Language ), QUEL, Data log and QBE (Query by Example)
Different Types of Database Languages
Query Lang. : Used to retrieve information from database
Data Definition Lang. : Used to define logical structure of database (DDL)
Data Manipulation Lang. : Used to update data in database (DML: Procedural and Non Procedural)
Data Control Lang. : Used for Transaction Management (DCL)
~~~
Database User's : Based on the way of interaction with database, all users are classified into following four categories:
Application User : Through an Application
Sophisticated User : Direct using Query Language
Naive User : Through Predefined Application
Database Administrator : Through DDL
Database Administration : To control the access of data and the programs to access data by different type of users.
Functions of DB Administrator :
Define & Change DB Logical Structure
Describe & Change Storage structure of data
Creation of Data access programs
Granting authorization to user to access data
~~~
Structure of DBMS
~~~
Components of DBMS
Query Processor Components
Storage Manager Components ( Operating System Functionality )
Disk Storage ( Where actual data and data access programs are stored )
Query Processor Components : DML Compiler , Embedded Pre DML Compiler , DDL Interpreter and Query Engine .
Storage Manager Components : Buffer Manager , File Manager , Transaction Manager and Authorization and Integrity Manager .
Disk Storage Contents : Data , Indices , Data Dictionary and Statistical Data .
~~~
Functionality of Various Components :
Query Processor Components :
Embedded Pre DML Compiler : To compile DML statements in Host Language Procedure Call .
DML Compiler : To break a DML statement into small lower level instructions to be executed by Query Engine.
DDL Interpreter : To break DDL statements into small lower level instructions .
Query Engine : It execute lower level instructions by interacting on with various storage manager components depending on the task to be performed .
Storage Manager Components :
File Manager : Used to allocate space and define the structure of data to be stored on disk.
Buffer Manager : Used to transfer data in between main memory and disk and decide data to be placed on Cache.
Transaction Manager : To ensure proper execution of a Transaction ( Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability )
Authorization & Integrity Manager : To ensure correctness and completeness of data. And also to check that it can be accessed only by authorized user's.
Disk Storage Contents :
Data : Collection of Facts related to an Enterprise / Organization .
Statistical Data : New data learned from existing data through statistical process ( Analysis of Collections , Organizations and Presentation of existing data sets ) . Used by DML Compiler for Query Optimization .
Indices : Maintain for fast access of data, or to make search fast for required data .
Data Dictionary : Hold the overall logical structure of database which is defined by database administrator using DDL .
Credits: Yajuvendra Gupta
1.
No one can taste an orange for you. (Idiom. British.)
---
2.
The limbic system, also known as the paleomammalian cortex, is a set of brain structures located on both sides of the thalamus, immediately beneath the medial temporal lobe of the cerebrum primarily in the midbrain.
It supports a variety of functions including emotion, behavior, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction. Emotional life is largely housed in the limbic system, and it critically aids the formation of memories.
---
3.
dig one's heels in
Fig. to refuse to alter one's course of action or opinions; to be obstinate or determined. The student dug her heels in and refused to obey the instructions.
---
4.
cease-and-desist
adjective US • LAW
noun: cease-and-desist; noun: cease-and-desist order; plural noun: cease-and-desist orders
denoting a legally enforceable order from a court or government agency directing someone to stop engaging in a particular activity.
"they received a cease-and-desist order for conducting unlicensed property management activities"
denoting a cautionary notice detailing the sender's complaint of alleged wrongdoing by the recipient and threatening legal action if the offending activity is not stopped.
noun: cease-and-desist letter; plural noun: cease-and-desist letters
"she sent a cease-and-desist letter last July urging them to stop using the name"
---
5.
All of the women begging me to dip my beak into them. - Aravind Adiga in 'The White Tiger'
---
6.
tin ear
Noun. tin ear (plural tin ears) (idiomatic) Insensitivity to and inability to appreciate the elements of performed music or the rhythm, elegance, or nuances of language. (idiomatic) Insensitivity to the nuances of the current situation or the subtleties of a craft; indifference to somebody else's attitudes and moods.
---
7.
up the ante. If you up the ante, you increase your demands or the risks in a situation in order to achieve a better result: The government has upped the ante by refusing to negotiate until a ceasefire has been agreed .
---
8.
hard-nosed
INFORMAL
adjective: hard-nosed; adjective: hardnosed
realistic and determined; tough-minded.
"a hard-nosed businessman"
Similar:
tough-minded
unsentimental
down-to-earth
no-nonsense
hard-headed
---
9.
fend for themselves:
to take care of and provide for yourself without depending on anyone else: Now that the children are old enough to fend for themselves, we can
---
10.
bona fide
/ˌbəʊnə ˈfʌɪdi,ˌbəʊnə ˈfiːdeɪ/
adjective
adjective: bona fide; adjective: bonafide
genuine; real.
"she was a bona fide expert"
Similar:
authentic
genuine
real
true
actual
sterling
sound
legal
legitimate
lawful
valid
unadulterated
unalloyed
proper
straight
fair and square
honest-to-goodness
legit
pukka
on the level
the real McCoy
Opposite:
fake
bogus
adverbLAW
adverb: bona fide; adverb: bonafide
without intention to deceive.
"the court will assume that they have acted bona fide"
Origin
Latin, literally ‘with good faith’, ablative singular of bona fides.
---
11.
long pull :
a lot of effort to achieve something over a long period of time. It's been a long pull, but I'm through those exams.
dopey
/ˈdəʊpi/
Learn to pronounce
adjectiveINFORMAL
stupefied by sleep or a drug.
"she was under sedation and a bit dopey"
Similar:
dazed
confused
muddled
befuddled
bewildered
disoriented
disorientated
stupefied
groggy
dizzy
woozy
muzzy
woolly
woolly-headed
not with it
discombobulated
Opposite:
alert
very foolish; idiotic.
"did you ever hear such dopey names?"
--
concomitant
/kənˈkɒmɪt(ə)nt/
Learn to pronounce
FORMAL
adjective
adjective: concomitant
naturally accompanying or associated.
"she loved travel, with all its concomitant worries"
Similar:
attendant
accompanying
associated
collateral
related
connected
linked
accessory
auxiliary
resultant
resulting
consequent
Opposite:
unrelated
noun
noun: concomitant; plural noun: concomitants
a phenomenon that naturally accompanies or follows something.
"he sought promotion without the necessary concomitant of hard work"
Origin
--
glossary
/ˈɡlɒs(ə)ri/
Learn to pronounce
noun
an alphabetical list of words relating to a specific subject, text, or dialect, with explanations; a brief dictionary.
"a glossary of Inuktitut words"
--
offset
verb
gerund or present participle: offsetting
/ˈɒfsɛt,ɒfˈsɛt/
1.
counteract (something) by having an equal and opposite force or effect.
"donations to charities can be offset against tax"
Similar:
counterbalance
balance
balance out
cancel
cancel out
even out/up
counteract
counterpoise
countervail
equalize
neutralize
nullify
compensate for
make up for
make good
redeem
indemnify
atone for
redress
make amends for
make restitution for
equilibrize
2.
place out of line.
"several places where the ridge was offset at right angles to its length"
3.
(of ink or a freshly printed page) transfer an impression to the next leaf or sheet.
"there was some offsetting on to text"
--
debacle
/deɪˈbɑːk(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: debacle; plural noun: debacles
a sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.
"the only man to reach double figures in the second-innings debacle"
Similar:
fiasco
failure
catastrophe
disaster
disintegration
mess
wreck
ruin
downfall
collapse
defeat
rout
overthrow
conquest
trouncing
foul-up
screw-up
hash
botch
washout
fail
cock-up
pig's ear
car crash
snafu
vulgar slangfuck-up
balls-up
Origin
--
wile1
/wʌɪl/
Learn to pronounce
noun
plural noun: wiles
devious or cunning stratagems employed in manipulating or persuading someone to do what one wants.
"she didn't employ any feminine wiles to capture his attention"
Similar:
tricks
ruses
ploys
schemes
dodges
manoeuvres
gambits
subterfuges
cunning stratagems
artifices
devices
contrivances
guile
artfulness
art
cunning
craftiness
verb
3rd person present: wiles
1.
ARCHAIC
lure; entice.
"she could be neither driven nor wiled into the parish kirk"
2.
another way of saying while something away (see while).
"the gang had played monopoly as they wiled away the hours"
Origin
Middle English: perhaps from an Old Norse word related to vél ‘craft’.
--
axiomatic
/ˌaksɪəˈmatɪk/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: axiomatic
self-evident or unquestionable.
"it is axiomatic that dividends have to be financed"
Similar:
self-evident
unquestionable
undeniable
accepted
understood
given
granted
apodictic
indemonstrable
MATHEMATICS
relating to or containing axioms.
"1914 saw the first axiomatic declaration of exactly what constitutes a ring"
Origin
--
malaise
/maˈleɪz/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: malaise; plural noun: malaises
a general feeling of discomfort, illness, or unease whose exact cause is difficult to identify.
"a general air of malaise"
Similar:
unhappiness
restlessness
uneasiness
unease
melancholy
depression
despondency
dejection
disquiet
trouble
anxiety
anguish
angst
ailment(s)
ills
lassitude
listlessness
languor
weariness
enervation
doldrums
weakness
feebleness
debility
indisposition
infirmity
illness
sickness
disease
discomfort
Weltschmerz
ennui
Opposite:
comfort
well-being
Origin
--
conspectus
/kənˈspɛktəs/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: conspectus; plural noun: conspectuses
a summary or overview of a subject.
"new recordings containing five of his works give a rich conspectus of his art"
Origin
mid 19th century: from Latin, past participle (used as a noun) of conspicere ‘look at attentively’.
--
adroit
/əˈdrɔɪt/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: adroit; comparative adjective: adroiter; superlative adjective: adroitest
clever or skilful.
"he was adroit at tax avoidance"
Similar:
skilful
adept
dexterous
deft
agile
nimble
nimble-fingered
handy
able
capable
competent
skilled
expert
masterly
masterful
master
practised
polished
slick
proficient
accomplished
gifted
talented
peerless
quick-witted
quick-thinking
quick
clever
intelligent
brilliant
bright
smart
sharp
cunning
artful
wily
resourceful
astute
shrewd
canny
ingenious
inventive
nifty
nippy
crack
mean
wicked
wizard
demon
ace
A1
on the ball
savvy
genius
crackerjack
compleat
rathe
Opposite:
clumsy
incompetent
Origin
mid 17th century: from French, from à droit ‘according to right, properly’.
--
twirl
/twəːl/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: twirl; 3rd person present: twirls; past tense: twirled; past participle: twirled; gerund or present participle: twirling
spin quickly and lightly round, especially repeatedly.
"she twirled in delight to show off her new dress"
Similar:
spin (round)
pirouette
whirl
turn (round)
wheel
gyrate
pivot
swivel
twist
revolve
rotate
birl
cause to rotate.
"she twirled her fork in the pasta"
Similar:
wind
twist
coil
curl
wrap
noun
noun: twirl; plural noun: twirls
an act of spinning.
"Kate did a twirl in front of the mirror"
Similar:
pirouette
spin
whirl
turn
twist
rotation
revolution
gyration
birl
a spiralling or swirling shape, especially a flourish made with a pen.
"on the lid was a name written in old-fashioned twirls"
Origin
--
baloney
/bəˈləʊni/
Learn to pronounce
nounINFORMAL
noun: baloney; plural noun: baloneys
1.
foolish or deceptive talk; nonsense.
"I don't buy it—it's all a load of baloney"
2.
NORTH AMERICAN
variant of bologna.
Origin
1920s: baloney (sense 1) said to be a corruption of bologna.
--
crescendo
/krɪˈʃɛndəʊ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: crescendo; plural noun: crescendos; plural noun: crescendi
1.
the loudest point reached in a gradually increasing sound.
"the port engine's sound rose to a crescendo"
a gradually increasing sound.
"a crescendo of shrieks built until the entire auditorium was filled"
2.
the highest point reached in a progressive increase of intensity.
"the hysteria reached a crescendo around the spring festival"
a progressive increase in intensity.
"there were six months of gradual crescendo then three weeks of total mayhem"
3.
MUSIC
a gradual increase in loudness in a piece of music.
"each time the key changes, there is a gradual crescendo"
a passage of music marked or performed with a crescendo.
adverbMUSIC
adverb: crescendo
with a gradual increase in loudness.
"in the upper three parts there are groups of longer notes played crescendo"
adjectiveMUSIC
adjective: crescendo
gradually increasing in loudness.
"a short crescendo kettledrum roll"
verb
verb: crescendo; 3rd person present: crescendoes; past tense: crescendoed; past participle: crescendoed; gerund or present participle: crescendoing
increase in loudness or intensity.
"the reluctant cheers began to crescendo"
Origin
late 18th century: Italian, present participle of crescere ‘to increase’, from Latin crescere ‘grow’.
--
hobble
/ˈhɒb(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: hobbling
1.
walk in an awkward way, typically because of pain from an injury.
"he was hobbling around on crutches"
Similar:
limp
walk with a limp
walk with difficulty
move unsteadily
walk unevenly
walk lamely
walk haltingly
shuffle
shamble
falter
totter
dodder
stagger
stumble
reel
lurch
hirple
Opposite:
stride
2.
tie or strap together (the legs of a horse or other animal) to prevent it from straying.
cause (a person or animal) to limp.
"Johnson was still hobbled slightly by an ankle injury"
restrict the activity or development of.
"the economy was hobbled by rising oil prices"
Origin
--
turnpike
/ˈtəːnpʌɪk/
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noun
plural noun: turnpikes
1.
HISTORICAL
a toll gate.
a road on which a toll was collected at a toll gate.
noun: turnpike road; plural noun: turnpike roads
US
a motorway on which a toll is charged.
2.
HISTORICAL
a spiked barrier fixed in or across a road or passage as a defence against sudden attack.
--
gung-ho
/ɡʌŋˈhəʊ/
adjective
adjective: gung-ho
unthinkingly enthusiastic and eager, especially about taking part in fighting or warfare.
"the gung-ho tabloids have wrapped themselves in the Union Jack"
Origin
Second World War: from Chinese gōnghé, taken to mean ‘work together’ and adopted as a slogan by US Marines.
--
whisker
/ˈwɪskə/
Learn to pronounce
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Biology
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noun
noun: whisker; plural noun: whiskers; noun: a whisker
1.
a long projecting hair or bristle growing from the face or snout of many mammals.
the hair growing on a man's face, especially on his cheeks.
2.
INFORMAL
a very small amount.
"they won the election by a whisker"
3.
a single crystal of a material in the form of a filament with no dislocations.
Phrases
have whiskers
(especially of a story) be very old.
within a whisker of
extremely close or near to doing, achieving, or suffering something. "Jarvis came within a whisker of winning the game"
Origin
late Middle English (originally denoting a bundle of feathers, twigs, etc., used for whisking): from the verb whisk + -er1.
--
protracted
/prəˈtraktɪd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual.
"a protracted and bitter dispute"
Similar:
prolonged
extended
stretched out
drawn out
long-drawn-out
--
enunciate
/ɪˈnʌnsɪeɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: enunciate; 3rd person present: enunciates; past tense: enunciated; past participle: enunciated; gerund or present participle: enunciating
say or pronounce clearly.
"she enunciated each word slowly"
Similar:
pronounce
articulate
say
speak
utter
express
voice
vocalize
sound
mouth
get one's tongue round
enounce
express (a proposition, theory, etc.) in clear or definite terms.
"a written document enunciating this policy"
Similar:
express
utter
state
give voice/expression to
put into words
give utterance to
declare
profess
set forth
assert
affirm
put forward
raise
table
air
ventilate
propound
proclaim
promulgate
publish
broadcast
preach
come out with
Origin
--
envisage
/ɪnˈvɪzɪdʒ,ɛnˈvɪzɪdʒ/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: envisage; 3rd person present: envisages; past tense: envisaged; past participle: envisaged; gerund or present participle: envisaging
contemplate or conceive of as a possibility or a desirable future event.
"the Rome Treaty envisaged free movement across frontiers"
Similar:
foresee
predict
forecast
foretell
anticipate
expect
think likely
envision
intend
propose
mean
imagine
contemplate
visualize
picture
see in one's mind's eye
conceive of
think of
understand
grasp
appreciate
apprehend
ideate
form a mental picture of (something not yet existing or known).
"he knew what he liked but had difficulty envisaging it"
Origin
early 19th century: from French envisager, from en- ‘in’ + visage ‘face’.
--
shrewd
/ʃruːd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: shrewd; comparative adjective: shrewder; superlative adjective: shrewdest
1.
having or showing sharp powers of judgement; astute.
"she was shrewd enough to guess the motive behind his gesture"
Similar:
astute
sharp-witted
sharp
acute
intelligent
clever
alert
canny
media-savvy
perceptive
perspicacious
observant
discriminating
sagacious
sage
wise
far-seeing
far-sighted
cunning
artful
crafty
wily
calculating
disingenuous
on the ball
smart
savvy
suss
pawky
heads-up
long-headed
sapient
argute
have all one's wits about one
Opposite:
stupid
unwise
ingenuous
2.
ARCHAIC
(especially of weather) piercingly cold.
"a shrewd east wind"
(of a blow) severe.
"a bayonet's shrewd thrust"
mischievous; malicious.
Origin
Middle English (in the sense ‘evil in nature or character’): from shrew in the sense ‘evil person or thing’, or as the past participle of obsolete shrew ‘to curse’. The word developed the sense ‘cunning’, and gradually gained a favourable connotation during the 17th century.
--
verisimilitude
/ˌvɛrɪsɪˈmɪlɪtjuːd/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: verisimilitude
the appearance of being true or real.
"the detail gives the novel some verisimilitude"
Origin
early 17th century: from Latin verisimilitudo, from verisimilis ‘probable’, from veri (genitive of verus ‘true’) + similis ‘like’.
--
precarious
/prɪˈkɛːrɪəs/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: precarious
not securely held or in position; dangerously likely to fall or collapse.
"a precarious ladder"
dependent on chance; uncertain.
"he made a precarious living as a painter"
Similar:
uncertain
insecure
unreliable
unsure
unpredictable
undependable
risky
hazardous
dangerous
unsafe
hanging by a thread
hanging in the balance
perilous
treacherous
on a slippery slope
on thin ice
touch-and-go
built on sand
doubtful
dubious
delicate
tricky
problematic
unsettled
unstable
unsteady
shaky
rocky
wobbly
dicey
chancy
hairy
iffy
dodgy
parlous
Opposite:
safe
secure
Origin
--
tenaciously
/tɪˈneɪʃəsli/
Learn to pronounce
adverb
adverb: tenaciously
with a firm hold of something; closely.
"he tenaciously gripped the struts to keep from falling"
in a determined or unwavering manner.
"people fought tenaciously to have the school restored"
--
glut
/ɡlʌt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: glutted; past participle: glutted
supply or fill to excess.
"the roads are glutted with cars"
Similar:
cram full
fill to excess
overfill
overload
oversupply
saturate
supersaturate
flood
inundate
deluge
swamp
choke
clog
stuff
ARCHAIC
satisfy fully.
"he planned a treacherous murder to glut his desire for revenge"
Origin
--
felicity
/fɪˈlɪsɪti/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: felicity
1.
intense happiness.
"domestic felicity"
Similar:
happiness
joy
joyfulness
joyousness
rapture
bliss
euphoria
delight
cheer
cheerfulness
gaiety
contentedness
satisfaction
pleasure
fulfilment
transports
Opposite:
unhappiness
2.
the ability to find appropriate expression for one's thoughts.
"he exposed the kernel of the matter with his customary elegance and felicity"
Similar:
eloquence
aptness
appropriateness
appropriacy
suitability
suitableness
applicability
fitness
relevance
pertinence
correctness
rightness
Opposite:
inappropriateness
a particularly effective feature of a work of literature or art.
plural noun: felicities
"a book full of minor felicities"
Origin
--
converse1
verb
verb: converse; 3rd person present: converses; past tense: conversed; past participle: conversed; gerund or present participle: conversing
/kənˈvəːs/
engage in conversation.
"she was withdrawn and preoccupied, hardly able to converse with her mother"
Similar:
talk
speak
chat
have a conversation
have a talk
have a discussion
discourse
confer
parley
consult with each other
chatter
gossip
chew the fat
chew the rag
gab
jaw
powwow
have a confab
natter
rabbit
witter
chunter
rap
shoot the breeze
shoot the bull
conversate
mag
confabulate
nounARCHAIC
noun: converse; plural noun: converses
/ˈkɒnvəːs/
conversation.
"his converse at such seasons was always elevating"
Origin
late Middle English (in the sense ‘live among, be familiar with’): from Old French converser, from Latin conversari ‘keep company (with’), from con- ‘with’ + versare, frequentative of vertere ‘to turn’. The current sense of the verb dates from the early 17th century.
converse2
/ˈkɒnvəːs/
noun
noun: converse; plural noun: converses
a situation, object, or statement that is the reverse of another or corresponds to it but with certain terms transposed.
"if spirituality is properly political, the converse is also true: politics is properly spiritual"
Similar:
opposite
reverse
obverse
inverse
contrary
antithesis
other side of the coin
per contra
flip side
MATHEMATICS
a theorem whose hypothesis and conclusion are the conclusion and hypothesis of another.
adjective
adjective: converse
having characteristics which are the reverse of something else already mentioned.
"the only mode of change will be the slow process of growth and the converse process of decay"
Similar:
opposite
opposing
contrary
counter
antithetical
clashing
incompatible
in disagreement
disagreeing
conflicting
differing
reverse
obverse
inverse
Origin
late Middle English: from Latin conversus ‘turned about’, past participle of convertere (see convert).
--
confrère
/ˈkɒnfrɛː/
noun
noun: confrère; plural noun: confrères
a fellow member of a profession.
"Pooley's police confrères"
Origin
mid 18th century: French, from medieval Latin confrater, from con- ‘together with’ + frater ‘brother’.
--
sobriquet
/ˈsəʊbrɪkeɪ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: sobriquet; plural noun: sobriquets; noun: soubriquet; plural noun: soubriquets
a person's nickname.
"she was a vast and haughty person who answered to the sobriquet ‘Duchesse’"
Origin
mid 17th century: French, originally in the sense ‘tap under the chin’, of unknown origin.
--
resurgent
/rɪˈsəːdʒ(ə)nt/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
increasing or reviving after a period of little activity, popularity, or occurrence.
"resurgent nationalism"
--
anathema
/əˈnaθəmə/
Learn to pronounce
noun
1.
something or someone that one vehemently dislikes.
"racial hatred was anathema to her"
Similar:
abhorrent
hateful
odious
repugnant
repellent
offensive
abomination
abhorrence
aversion
monstrosity
outrage
evil
disgrace
bane
bugbear
bête noire
pariah
2.
a formal curse by a pope or a council of the Church, excommunicating a person or denouncing a doctrine.
"the Pope laid special emphasis on the second of these anathemas"
Similar:
curse
ban
excommunication
damnation
proscription
--
assay
/əˈseɪ,ˈaseɪ/
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Metallurgy
Biochemistry
Chemistry
noun
the testing of a metal or ore to determine its ingredients and quality.
"submission of plate for assay"
Similar:
evaluation
assessment
analysis
examination
test
trial
check
inspection
appraisal
investigation
scrutiny
probe
verb
1.
determine the content or quality of (a metal or ore).
"the man who assayed gold was more than a technician"
2.
ARCHAIC
attempt.
"I assayed a little joke of mine on him"
---
protracted
/prəˈtraktɪd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: protracted
lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual.
"a protracted and bitter dispute"
Similar:
prolonged
extended
stretched out
drawn out
long-drawn-out
lengthened
lengthy
long
overlong
dragged out
spun out
strung out
sustained
marathon
interminable
never-ending
endless
lingering
slow
time-consuming
long-winded
verbose
prolix
wordy
rambling
protract
/prəˈtrakt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: protracted; past participle: protracted
prolong.
"he had certainly taken his time, even protracting the process"
Similar:
prolong
extend
extend the duration of
stretch out
draw out
lengthen
make longer
elongate
drag out
spin out
string out
carry on
continue
keep up
keep something going
go on with
perpetuate
sustain
wire-draw
Opposite:
curtail
shorten
Origin
--
genus
/ˈdʒiːnəs,ˈdʒɛnəs/
Learn to pronounce
nounBIOLOGY
noun: genus; plural noun: genera
a principal taxonomic category that ranks above species and below family, and is denoted by a capitalized Latin name, e.g. Leo.
Similar:
group
subdivision
subfamily
(in philosophical and general use) a class of things that have common characteristics and that can be divided into subordinate kinds.
Similar:
type
sort
kind
genre
style
variety
category
class
species
breed
brand
make
model
family
stamp
cast
ilk
kidney
division
subdivision
section
department
compartment
Origin
mid 16th century: from Latin, ‘birth, race, stock’.
--
vindicate
/ˈvɪndɪkeɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: vindicated; past participle: vindicated
clear (someone) of blame or suspicion.
"hospital staff were vindicated by the inquest verdict"
Similar:
acquit
clear
absolve
free from blame
declare innocent
exonerate
exculpate
discharge
liberate
free
deliver
redeem
let off
let off the hook
Opposite:
convict
blame
incriminate
show or prove to be right, reasonable, or justified.
"more sober views were vindicated by events"
Similar:
justify
warrant
substantiate
establish
demonstrate
ratify
authenticate
verify
confirm
corroborate
prove
defend
offer grounds for
support
back
evidence
bear out
bear witness to
endorse
give credence to
lend weight to
extenuate
Opposite:
disprove
Origin
--
vagary
/ˈveɪɡ(ə)ri/
Learn to pronounce
noun
plural noun: vagaries
an unexpected and inexplicable change in a situation or in someone's behaviour.
"the vagaries of the weather"
Similar:
quirk
idiosyncrasy
peculiarity
oddity
eccentricity
unpredictability
fluctuation
foible
whim
whimsy
notion
conceit
caprice
fancy
kink
crotchet
hang-up
thing
megrim
singularity
Origin
--
promulgate
/ˈprɒm(ə)lɡeɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: promulgate; 3rd person present: promulgates; past tense: promulgated; past participle: promulgated; gerund or present participle: promulgating
promote or make widely known (an idea or cause).
"these objectives have to be promulgated within the organization"
Similar:
make known
make public
publicize
spread
communicate
propagate
disseminate
circulate
broadcast
promote
announce
proclaim
bruit about
put (a law or decree) into effect by official proclamation.
"in January 1852 the new Constitution was promulgated"
Similar:
put into effect
enact
implement
enforce
pass
Origin
--
intrepid
/ɪnˈtrɛpɪd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: intrepid
fearless; adventurous (often used for rhetorical or humorous effect).
"our intrepid reporter"
Similar:
fearless
unafraid
undaunted
dauntless
undismayed
unalarmed
unflinching
unshrinking
unblenching
unabashed
bold
daring
audacious
adventurous
dashing
heroic
dynamic
spirited
mettlesome
confident
indomitable
brave
courageous
valiant
valorous
stout-hearted
lionhearted
stalwart
plucky
gutsy
spunky
game
ballsy
go-ahead
have-a-go
doughty
venturous
Opposite:
fearful
cowardly
Origin
--
circumspect
/ˈsəːkəmspɛkt/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
wary and unwilling to take risks.
"the officials were very circumspect in their statements"
Similar:
cautious
wary
careful
chary
guarded
on one's guard
--
detract
/dɪˈtrakt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
3rd person present: detracts
1.
diminish the worth or value of (a quality or achievement).
"these quibbles in no way detract from her achievement"
Similar:
belittle
take away from
diminish
reduce
lessen
minimize
lower
make light of
play down
discount
soft-pedal
brush aside
gloss over
trivialize
decry
depreciate
denigrate
devalue
devaluate
deprecate
pooh-pooh
hold cheap
derogate
misprize
minify
Opposite:
enhance
2.
cause someone or something to be distracted or diverted from.
"the complaint was timed to detract attention from the ethics issue"
--
vindication
/vɪndɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: vindication; plural noun: vindications
the action of clearing someone of blame or suspicion.
"I intend to work to ensure my full vindication"
proof that someone or something is right, reasonable, or justified.
"the results were interpreted as vindication of the company's policy"
--
discomfit
/dɪsˈkʌmfɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: discomfiting
make (someone) feel uneasy or embarrassed.
"he was not noticeably discomfited by her tone"
Similar:
embarrass
make uncomfortable
make uneasy
abash
disconcert
--
Bipolar disorder
Also called: manic depression
A disorder associated with episodes of mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs.
The exact cause of bipolar disorder isn’t known, but a combination of genetics, environment and altered brain structure and chemistry may play a role.
Manic episodes may include symptoms such as high energy, reduced need for sleep and loss of touch with reality. Depressive episodes may include symptoms such as low energy, low motivation and loss of interest in daily activities. Mood episodes last days to months at a time and may also be associated with suicidal thoughts.
Treatment is usually lifelong and often involves a combination of medications and psychotherapy.
Very common
More than 10 million cases per year (India)
Treatment can help, but this condition can't be cured
Chronic: can last for years or be lifelong
Requires a medical diagnosis
Lab tests or imaging not required
--
pelvis
/ˈpɛlvɪs/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: pelvis; plural noun: pelves; plural noun: pelvises; noun: renal pelvis; plural noun: renal pelves; plural noun: renal pelvises
1.
the large bony frame near the base of the spine to which the hindlimbs or legs are attached in humans and many other vertebrates.
the part of the abdomen including or enclosed by the pelvis.
2.
the broadened top part of the ureter into which the kidney tubules drain.
Origin
--
saddle
/ˈsad(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
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Racing
verb
past tense: saddled; past participle: saddled
1.
put a saddle on (a horse).
"he was in the stable saddling up his horse"
(of a trainer) enter (a horse) for a race.
"he saddles Native Mission in today's Tote Gold Trophy Hurdle at Newbury"
2.
burden (someone) with an onerous responsibility or task.
"he's saddled with debts of $12 million"
Similar:
burden
encumber
lumber
hamper
weigh down
land
charge
inflict something on
impose something on
thrust something on
unload something on
fob something off on to
Origin
--
itsy-bitsy
/ɪtsɪˈbɪtsi/
adjectiveINFORMAL
adjective: itty-bitty
very small; tiny.
"itsy-bitsy candles that couldn't light the path of an ant"
Adjective. itty (comparative ittier, superlative ittiest) (informal) Extremely small; itty-bitty.
--
wily
/ˈwʌɪli/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
comparative adjective: wilier
skilled at gaining an advantage, especially deceitfully.
"his wily opponents"
Similar:
shrewd
clever
sharp
sharp-witted
astute
canny
smart
crafty
cunning
artful
sly
scheming
calculating
guileful
disingenuous
devious
Machiavellian
deceitful
deceptive
Janus-faced
dishonest
cheating
double-dealing
tricky
foxy
fly
pawky
heads-up
slim
subtle
vulpine
carny
Opposite:
naive
guileless
--
elephantiasis
/ˌɛlɪf(ə)nˈtʌɪəsɪs/
Learn to pronounce
nounMEDICINE
a condition in which a limb or other part of the body becomes grossly enlarged due to obstruction of the lymphatic vessels, typically by the nematode parasites which cause filariasis.
--
farcical
/ˈfɑːsɪk(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
relating to or resembling farce, especially because of absurd or ridiculous aspects.
"he considered the whole idea farcical"
Similar:
ridiculous
preposterous
ludicrous
absurd
laughable
risible
nonsensical
--
sucker
/ˈsʌkə/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: suckered; past participle: suckered
1.
INFORMAL•NORTH AMERICAN
fool or trick (someone).
"they got suckered into accepting responsibility"
2.
BOTANY
(of a plant) produce suckers.
"it spread rapidly after being left undisturbed to sucker"
--
abound
/əˈbaʊnd/
Learn to pronounce
verb
3rd person present: abounds
exist in large numbers or amounts.
"rumours of a further scandal abound"
Similar:
be plentiful
be abundant
be numerous
proliferate
superabound
thrive
flourish
be thick on the ground
grow on trees
be two/ten a penny
abundant
plentiful
superabundant
considerable
copious
ample
lavish
luxuriant
profuse
boundless
munificent
bountiful
prolific
inexhaustible
generous
galore
plenteous
Opposite:
be scarce
meagre
scanty
have in large numbers or amounts.
"this area abounds with caravan sites"
Similar:
be full of
overflow with
teem with
be packed with
be crowded with
be thronged with
--
ditto
/ˈdɪtəʊ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: ditto; plural noun: dittos
the same thing again (used in lists and accounts and often indicated by a ditto mark under the word or figure to be repeated).
INFORMAL
used to indicate that something already said is applicable a second time.
"if one folds his arms, so does the other; if one crosses his legs, ditto"
Origin
early 17th century (in the sense ‘in the aforesaid month’): from Tuscan dialect, variant of Italian detto ‘said’, from Latin dictus ‘said’.
--
solidarity
/ˌsɒlɪˈdarɪti/
Learn to pronounce
noun
1.
unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a common interest; mutual support within a group.
"factory workers voiced solidarity with the striking students"
Similar:
unanimity
unity
like-mindedness
agreement
accord
harmony
consensus
concord
concurrence
singleness of purpose
community of interest
mutual support
cooperation
cohesion
team spirit
camaraderie
esprit de corps
2.
an independent trade union movement in Poland which developed into a mass campaign for political change and inspired popular opposition to Communist regimes across eastern Europe. Formed in 1980 under the leadership of Lech Wałęsa, it was banned in 1981 following the imposition of martial law. Legalized again in 1989, it won a majority in the elections of that year.
--
whack
/wak/
Learn to pronounce
INFORMAL
verb
verb: whack; 3rd person present: whacks; past tense: whacked; past participle: whacked; gerund or present participle: whacking
strike forcefully with a sharp blow.
"his attacker whacked him on the head"
Similar:
hit
beat
strike
punch
knock
rap
smack
slap
thump
thwack
crack
cudgel
thrash
bang
drub
welt
cuff
buffet
pummel
box someone's ears
bash
clobber
clout
clip
wallop
belt
tan
biff
bop
lay into
pitch into
lace into
let someone have it
sock
lam
whomp
stick one on
slosh
boff
bust
slug
light into
whale
dong
quilt
smite
swinge
defeat in a contest.
"the team were whacked six-nil"
put or push (something) roughly or carelessly in a specified place or direction.
"he whacks a tape into the cassette recorder"
NORTH AMERICAN
murder.
"he was whacked while sitting in his car"
noun
noun: whack; plural noun: whacks
1.
a sharp or resounding blow.
"with a few whacks and some loud whistles, they drove the animals away"
Similar:
blow
hit
punch
thump
thwack
crack
smack
slap
bang
welt
cuff
box
bash
clobber
clout
clip
wallop
belt
biff
bop
sock
lam
whomp
slosh
boff
bust
slug
whale
dong
buffet
2.
a try or attempt.
"we decided to take a whack at spotting the decade's trends"
3.
BRITISH
a specified share of or contribution to something.
"motorists pay a fair whack for the use of the roads through taxes"
4.
NORTH AMERICAN
a large quantity or amount.
Similar:
share
quota
portion
slice
part
allocation
ration
allowance
allotment
amount
quantity
bit
piece
percentage
proportion
section
segment
division
fraction
measure
due
cut
piece/slice of the cake
piece of the action
rake-off
divvy
apportionment
quantum
moiety
Phrases
out of whack
out of order; not working. "all their calculations were out of whack"
top whack
the maximum price or rate. "the car has a top whack of 107 mph"
whack off
masturbate.
Origin
early 18th century: imitative, or perhaps an alteration of thwack.
--
winnow
/ˈwɪnəʊ/
verb
gerund or present participle: winnowing
1.
blow a current of air through (grain) in order to remove the chaff.
"a combine cuts, threshes, and winnows the grain in one operation"
remove (chaff) from grain.
"women winnow the chaff from piles of unhusked rice"
Similar:
separate
divide
sort out
remove
get rid of
remove (people or things) from a group until only the best ones are left.
"guidelines that would help winnow out those not fit to be soldiers"
find or identify (a valuable or useful part of something).
"amidst this welter of confusing signals, it's difficult to winnow out the truth"
Similar:
separate out
sift out
filter out
isolate
sort out
find
identify
ferret out
2.
LITERARY
(of the wind) blow.
"the autumn wind winnowing its way through the grass"
(of a bird) fan (the air) with its wings.
"the emperors of the sky winnowing the air"
Origin
--
cesspool
/ˈsɛspuːl/
noun
an underground container for the temporary storage of liquid waste and sewage.
a disgusting or corrupt place.
"the town is not the cesspool you portrayed"
--
sordid
/ˈsɔːdɪd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
1.
involving immoral or dishonourable actions and motives; arousing moral distaste and contempt.
"the story paints a sordid picture of bribes and scams"
Similar:
sleazy
seedy
seamy
unsavoury
shoddy
vile
foul
tawdry
louche
cheap
base
low
low-minded
debased
degenerate
corrupt
dishonest
dishonourable
disreputable
despicable
discreditable
contemptible
ignominious
ignoble
shameful
wretched
abhorrent
abominable
disgusting
sleazoid
Opposite:
high-minded
respectable
2.
dirty or squalid.
"the overcrowded housing conditions were sordid and degrading"
Similar:
dirty
filthy
mucky
grimy
muddy
grubby
shabby
messy
soiled
stained
smeared
smeary
scummy
slimy
sticky
sooty
dusty
unclean
foul
squalid
flea-bitten
slummy
cruddy
grungy
yucky
icky
crummy
scuzzy
manky
gungy
grotty
bogging
scungy
besmirched
Opposite:
immaculate
Tip
Similar-sounding words
sordid is sometimes confused with sorted
--
fritz
/frɪts/
noun INFORMAL • NORTH AMERICAN
(of a machine) stop working properly.
"our TV went on the fritz for two weeks"
--
untruth
/ʌnˈtruːθ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
plural noun: untruths
a lie or false statement (often used euphemistically).
"they go off and tell untruths about organizations for which they worked"
Similar:
lie
falsehood
fib
fabrication
deception
made-up story
trumped-up story
fake news
invention
fiction
piece of fiction
falsification
falsity
cock and bull story
barefaced lie
(little) white lie
half-truth
exaggeration
prevarication
departure from the truth
alternative fact
yarn
story
red herring
rumour
fable
myth
flight of fancy
figment of the imagination
pretence
pretext
sham
ruse
wile
stratagem
misinformation
disinformation
trickery
perjury
dissimulation
gossip
propaganda
tall story
tall tale
fairy story
fairy tale
whopper
porky
pork pie
porky pie
terminological inexactitude
economy with the truth
vulgar slangbullshit
bulldust
the quality of being false.
"the story was full of misleading innuendo and untruth"
Similar:
falsity
falsehood
falseness
untruthfulness
fallaciousness
fiction
fictitiousness
inaccuracy
hollowness
mendacity
fabrication
dishonesty
deceit
deceitfulness
deception
duplicity
disingenuousness
hypocrisy
fraud
fraudulence
kidology
unveracity
Origin
--
bigotry
/ˈbɪɡətri/
noun
intolerance towards those who hold different opinions from oneself.
"the difficulties of combating prejudice and bigotry"
Similar:
prejudice
bias
partiality
partisanship
sectarianism
discrimination
--
fringe
/frɪn(d)ʒ/
Filter definitions by topic
See definitions in:
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Hairdressing
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Theatre
Optics
noun: fringe; plural noun: fringes; plural noun: the fringes
1.
an ornamental border of threads left loose or formed into tassels or twists, used to edge clothing or material.
"a long grey skirt with a fringe"
Similar:
edging
edge
border
hem
trimming
frill
flounce
ruffle
tassels
purfle
2.
BRITISH
the front part of a person's hair cut so as to hang over the forehead.
"she smiled as she pushed her fringe back out of her eyes"
a natural border of hair or fibres in an animal or plant.
"a long fringe of hair on the tail"
3.
the outer, marginal, or extreme part of an area, group, or sphere of activity.
"his uncles were on the fringes of crooked activity"
Similar:
unconventional
unorthodox
offbeat
alternative
avant-garde
experimental
innovative
innovatory
radical
extreme
peripheral
unofficial
left-field
off Broadway
way out
perimeter
periphery
border
borderline
margin
rim
outer edge
edge
extremity
limit
outer limits
limits
borders
bounds
outskirts
marches
marge
bourn
skirt
ambit
Opposite:
mainstream
middle
a secondary festival on the periphery of the Edinburgh Festival.
noun: Fringe; noun: the Fringe
"she became noted for her work on the Fringe"
4.
a band of contrasting brightness or darkness produced by diffraction or interference of light.
a strip of false colour in an optical image.
5.
NORTH AMERICAN
short for fringe benefit.
"we offer the highest salary and fringes in the country"
verb: fringe; 3rd person present: fringes; past tense: fringed; past participle: fringed; gerund or present participle: fringing
decorate (clothing or material) with a fringe.
"a rich robe of gold, fringed with black velvet"
Similar:
trim
hem
edge
border
rim
bind
braid
tassel
decorate
adorn
ornament
embellish
finish
purfle
befringe
befrill
form a border around (something).
"the sea is fringed by palm trees"
Similar:
border
edge
bound
skirt
line
hem
flank
verge
surround
enclose
encircle
circle
encompass
ring
circumscribe
gird
girdle
engird
compass
environ
(of a plant or animal) having a border of hair or fibre.
adjective: fringed
"the fringed green leaves"
Origin
Middle English: from Old French frenge, based on late Latin fimbria, earlier a plural noun meaning ‘fibres, shreds’.
--
plaintiff
/ˈpleɪntɪf/
Learn to pronounce
nounLAW
a person who brings a case against another in a court of law.
"the plaintiff commenced an action for damages"
--
amicably
/ˈamɪkəbli/
Learn to pronounce
adverb
adverb: amicably
in a friendly and peaceable manner.
"they have amicably resolved their outstanding dispute"