Why forgive anyone?

An authentically empowered person is one who forgives. Forgiveness is not a moral issue. It is an energy dynamic. When most people forgive they do not want those that they forgave to forget that they forgave and forgot. This kind of forgiveness manipulates the person who is forgiven. It is not forgiveness. It is a means of acquiring external power over another.

Forgiveness means that you do not carry the baggage of an experience. When you choose not to forgive, the experience that you do not forgive sticks with you. When you choose not to forgive, it is like agreeing to wear dark, gruesome sunglasses that distort everything, and it is you who are forced every day to look at Life through those contaminated lenses because you have chosen to keep them. You wish everyone else to see the world that way because you wish to see the world that way, and it is indeed the world that you are looking at, but it is only you who sees it. You are looking through the lenses of your own contaminated love.

Forgiveness means that you do not hold others responsible for your experiences. If you do not hold yourself accountable for what you experience, you will hold someone else accountable, and if you are not satisfied with what you experience, you will seek to change it by manipulating that person. Complaining, for example, is exactly that dynamic of wanting someone to be responsible for what you experience, and to fix things for you.

Complaining is a form of manipulation, but you are free to move beyond that into the next step, which is perception and sharing without manipulation. What is at stake is not your sharing, but the intention behind it. When complaining is used instead of sharing, that is what becomes negative, but not the sharing. It is how you cast the sharing, or shape it, before-the intention with which you share. Before you share, ask yourself, "What is my intention in sharing this? Am I looking for a particular response?" Use this as a way of centering your attitude before committing energy to words. When you assume responsibility for what you experience and share what you experience in a spirit of companionship, that is the same as forgiveness.

When you hold someone responsible for what you experience, you lose power. You cannot know what another person will do. Therefore, when you depend upon another person for the experiences that you think are necessary to your well-being, you live continually in the fear that they will not deliver. The perception that someone else is responsible for what you experience underlies the idea that forgiveness is something that one person does for another. How can you forgive another person for the fact that you have chosen to step out of your power?

When you forgive you release critical judgment of yourself as well as of others. You lighten up. You do not cling to negative experiences that resulted from decisions that you made while you were learning. That is regret. Regret is the double negativity of clinging to negativity. You lose power when you regret. If one person grieves at his or her experiences while another is able to laugh, who is the lighter? Which is harmless? The heart that dances is the innocent heart. The one that cannot laugh is burdened. It is the dancing heart that is harmless.

This does not mean that you do not learn from what you have experienced, and apply that in each moment as you make your decisions. That is responsible choice. If you are doing all that you can to the fullest, of your ability as well as you can, there is nothing else that is asked of a soul.

(Source: Seat of the soul (by Gary Zukav))

A Spiritual Take on Addiction (Seat of the soul (Gary Zukav))

CHAPTER 10: ADDICTION

You cannot begin the work of releasing an addiction until you can acknowledge that you are addicted. Until you realize that you have an addiction, it is not possible to diminish its power. The personality rationalizes its addictions. It dresses them in attractive clothing. It presents them to itself and others as desirable or beneficial. A person who is addicted to alcohol, for example, will say to herself or himself, or to others, that drunkenness is a way of loosening up, of relaxing after a tense day, of having fun, and, therefore, it is constructive. A person who is addicted to sex will say to herself or himself, or to others, that random sexual encounters are expressions of closeness, or love, that they reflect an evolved and liberated perception, and, therefore, they are desirable.

Recognition of your own addictions requires inner work. It requires that you look clearly at the places where you lose power in your life, where you are controlled by external circumstances. It requires going through your defenses. Even when striving for clarity, or when outer circumstances-such as an injury caused by driving drunk, or a marriage wrecked by promiscuity-provide evidence of an addiction, the personality often clings to a perception of its addiction as a mere problem, initially, as a small problem, then as a bigger problem, and then as a significant problem. Why does the personality resist acknowledging its addictions? 

Acknowledging an addiction, accepting that you have an addiction, is acknowledgment that a part of you is out of control. The personality resists acknowledging its addictions because that forces it to choose to leave a part of itself out of control, or to do something about it. Once an addiction has been acknowledged, it cannot be ignored, and it cannot be released without changing your life, without changing your self-image, without changing your entire perceptual and conceptual framework. We do not want to do that because it is our nature to resist change. Therefore, we resist acknowledging our addictions. 

An addiction is not merely an attraction. It is natural for males and females to admireeach other, for example, and to feel a warmth and attraction toward each other. An addiction is more than that. An addiction is characterized by magnetism and fear. There is attraction plus fear, plus a jolt of energy that is out of proportion to the situation. Attractions are a pleasing part of life. They can be satisfied and left behind, but addictions cannot.

An addiction cannot be satiated. A sexual addiction, for example, cannot be satisfied by sex. This is the first clue that the dynamic that is involved in what appears to be a sexual addiction is not sexual, but that the experiences of addictive sexual attraction, or repulsion, serve a deeper dynamic.

An addiction can be anesthetized. A sexual addiction, for example, can be made dormant within a relationship by a fear of losing the security of the relationship, but it cannot be healed without a recognition that it is there, and an understanding of the dynamic that lies beneath it. Unless this takes place, it will break through the relationship, or the facade of monogamy, at those moments when the personality feels most insecure, or most threatened. At these times, the personality will feel a sexual attraction to others. 

Sexual addictions are the most universal within our species because the issues of power are tied so directly to the learning of sexuality within the human structure. Sexuality and issues of power were created within our species to complement each other. That is why each human being who is sexually out of control actually has issues of power in which he or she is out of control with his or her own power. At heart, they are identical. A person cannot be in his or her own power center and be sexually out of control or dominated by the sexual energy current. These cannot exist simultaneously. 

What is the dynamic behind sexual addiction?

The experience of addictive sexual attraction is a signal to the experiencer that in that moment he or she is experiencing powerlessness, and is desiring to feed upon a weaker soul. This is the dynamic beneath all addictions: the desire to prey upon a soul that is more shattered than oneself. This is as ugly to look at as it is to experience, but it is the central core of negativity within our species. Sex without reverence, like business without reverence, and politics without reverence, and any activity that is done without reverence, reflects the same thing: one soul preying upon another weaker soul. The way out of a sexual addiction, therefore, is to remind yourself when you feel that attraction, that you are, in that moment, powerless, and desiring to prey upon a soul that is weaker than yourself. In other words, when you are feeling the draw of a sexual addiction, consider simultaneously that you are in a mode of powerlessness that causes a desire to use others to surface within you. That desire feels like a sexual attraction. Remind yourself clearly of what it is that is being ignited in you. That does not mean that you do not physically feel a connection or an attraction, but, underneath it, what causes you to want to act is a different dynamic, one of powerlessness.

Allow this consciousness to penetrate deeply within you so that, at that point, if youwant to act on your addiction, you need to walk through your own reality.

If you are married, or in a monogamous relationship, remind yourself that acting upon your impulse may, or will, cost you your marriage, or your relationship. Ask yourself if what you want to do is worth that. If you are healthy, remind yourself that acting upon your impulse may cost you your health, because you do not know whether or not the partner that you have chosen carries a disease, such as AIDS. Ask yourself if what you want to do is worth that risk. 

Remind yourself that the partner to whom you are most likely drawn is drawn equally to others, as are you, that he or she has no more feeling for you than you have for him or her. You can be assured that this is the case because the sexual attraction that you have felt for this person is a response in you of a weakness detection system, so to speak, that you have used to scan those around you. When it locates a person who is weak enough to be susceptible to you, to be seduced by you, it triggers within you the experience of sexual attraction. Will you advance your masculinity, or your femininity, by exploiting the weakness of this person? Will that gain you what you want to gain? 

Remind yourself that you both have chosen to interact sexually in ways that do not ignite your feelings because, if your feelings were awakened, they would only let you know that the person you are drawn to is no more emotionally involved with you than you are with him or her. It is one thing to think that you are sexually involved with someone and not feeling anything. It is another to face that neither is your partner feeling anything for you.

Look closely at the dynamic in which you are involved, and you will see that when one soul seeks to prey upon a weaker soul, and a weaker soul responds, both souls are the weaker soul. Who preys upon whom? The logic of the five-sensory personality cannot grasp this, but the higher order logic of the heart sees it clearly. Is there truly a difference when two consciousnesses are trying to link into a dynamic that ultimately will lead to balance when both have identical missing pieces? What causes the need to dominate, for example, is the same that causes the need to be submissive. It is merely the choice of which role the soul wishes to play in working out the identical struggle.

Enter into your own fear, into your own sense of wanting a drink, or sex with a different partner. Ask yourself to seriously review all of the times in your life that you thought you would gain so much from that, and face what you gained. Hold onto the thought that you create your experiences. Your fear comes from the realization that a part of you is creating a reality that it wants, whether you want it or not, and the feeling that you are powerless to prevent it, but that is not so. This is critical to understand: your addiction is not stronger than you. It is not stronger than who you want to be. Though it may feel that way, it can only win if you let it. Like any weakness, it is not stronger than the soul or the force of will. Its strength only indicates the amount of effort that needs to be applied toward the transition, toward making yourself whole in that area of your life.

Recognize that what you are doing when you fear that you will be tempted, and that you will not be able to resist the temptation, is creating a situation that will give you permission to act irresponsibly. Is it possible to create a test that you cannot pass? Yes. The experience of wanting to be tempted in order to test yourself is the act of creating an opportunity to act irresponsibly, to say to yourself, "I knew I couldn't do it, anyway," and give in to your addiction. The heart of making a temptation that is greater than you can resist is that you do not wish to be held responsible for your choice.

The greater the desire of your soul to heal your addiction, the greater will be the cost of keeping it. If you-if your soul-have chosen to heal an addiction now, you will find that the decision to maintain your addiction will cost you the things that you hold most dear. If that is your wife or your husband, your marriage will be placed in the balance against your addiction. If that is your career, your career will be placed in the balance. 

This is not the doing of a cruel Universe or a malicious God. It is a compassionate response to your desire to heal, to become whole. It is the compassionate Universe saying to you that your inadequacies are so deep that the only thing that will stop you will be something of equal or greater value in opposition to your inadequacies. This is the same dynamic that is expressed in terms of space and time and matter by the second law of motion: "A change in the momentum (mass, direction of movement, and speed) of a body in motion is directly proportional to the force affecting the body in motion, and takes place in the direction that the force is acting." By the magnitude of the costs of your addiction you can measure the importance of healing it to your soul, and the strength of your own inner intention to do that. 

Try to realize, and truly realize, that what stands between you and a different life are matters of responsible choice. In your moments of fear, what you are obscure about in your thinking is the power and magnitude of your own choice. Recognize what your own power of choice is. You are not at the mercy of your inadequacy. The intention that will empower you must come from a place within you that suggests that you are indeed able to make responsible choices and draw the power from them, that you can make choices that empower you and not disempower you, that you are capable of acts of wholeness. Test your power of choice because each time you choose otherwise you disengage the power of your addiction more and more and increase your personal power more and more. 

As you work through your weaknesses, and you feel levels of addictive attraction,ask yourself the critical questions of the spirit: If, by following those impulses, do
you increase your level of enlightenment? Does it bring you power of the genuine
sort? Will it make you more loving? Will it make you more whole? Ask yourself
these questions.

This is the way out of an addiction: Walk yourself through your reality step by step. Make yourself aware of the consequences of your decisions, and choose accordingly. When you feel in yourself the addictive attraction of sex, or alcohol, or drugs, or anything else, remember these words: You stand between the two worlds of your lesser self and you're full self. Your lesser self is tempting and powerful because it is not as responsible and not as loving and not as disciplined, so it calls you. This other part of you is whole and more responsible and more caring and more empowered, but it demands of you the way of the enlightened spirit: conscious life. Conscious life. The other choice is unconscious permission to act without consciousness. It is tempting.

What choose you?
If your decision is to become whole, hold that decision. You will not be as tempted
or as frightened as you think. Hold it and remind yourself again and again: You stand
between your lesser self and your whole self. Choose with wisdom because the
power is now fully in your hands. Do not underestimate the power of consciousness.
As you live and make conscious choices each moment and each day you fill with
strength and your lesser self disintegrates.
As you choose to empower yourself, the part of you that you challenge, the
temptation that you challenge, will surface again and again. Each time that you
challenge it, you gain power and it loses power. If you challenge an addiction to
alcohol, for example, and you are drawn twelve times that very day to have a drink,
challenge that energy each time. If you look upon each recurrence of attraction as a
setback, or as an indication that your intention is not working, you choose the path of
learning through fear and doubt. If you look upon each recurrence as an opportunity
that is offered to you, in response to your intention, to release your inadequacy and to
acquire power over it, you choose the path of learning through wisdom, for that is
what it is.
The first time that you challenge your addiction, and the second, and the third, you
may not feel that anything has been accomplished. Do you think that authentic power
can be had so easily? As you hold to your intention, and as you choose again and
again and again to become whole, you accumulate power, and the addiction that you
thought could not be challenged will lose its power over you.
When you challenge an addiction, and choose to become whole, you align yourself
with your nonphysical help. The work to be done is yours, but assistance is always
there for you. The nonphysical world, the actions of your guides and Teachers,
touches yours in many ways-the thought that brings power, the memory that reminds,
the surprise occurrence that reinforces. There is much joy in the nonphysical world
when a soul releases major negativity and the quality of its consciousness shifts
upward into higher frequencies of Light. Therefore, do not suffer in aloneness. There
is no such thing.
Look at yourself as someone who is reaching for healing, and at the complexity of
what needs to be healed. Do not think that you exist alone without other human
beings of equal complexity. All that the human experience is about is the journey
toward wholeness. Therefore, you can look at each individual and rest assured that
they are not whole. They are in process. Were they whole, they would not be
physical upon our plane. In other words, you have the company of billions of souls.
When you have worked hard, take the time to appreciate what you have done. Do not
always look at the distance that you have yet to travel. Join your nonphysical
Teachers and guides in applauding what you have accomplished. This does not mean
to relapse into your addiction. It means allowing yourself to rest when you need it, to
recognize when you become exhausted, and to give yourself the grace of knowing
that even the best of us get tired.
Understanding the dynamics behind your addiction is one thing. Actually making the
emotional connection to discharge the need for it is another story. Your addiction is
not insurmountable. It is not overwhelming. If it continues to appear that way to you,
it is because deep in your heart you do not see yourself as able to release the
addiction, even if you understand why you are drawn to it. If your addiction lingers,
ask yourself if you really want to release it, because in your heart you do not.
Until you fill in the inadequacies within you, you will always have your addiction. In
order to release your addiction, it is necessary to enter your inadequacies, to
recognize that they are real, and to bring them into the light of consciousness to heal.
It is necessary to look deeply into the parts of yourself that have such power to you,
to look clearly at how deep they are within you, and to see them as honestly as you
can. It may be that your addiction has provided you one of the few genuine pleasures
of your life. What is more important to you, your wholeness, and your freedom, or
the pleasures that you get from satisfying your addiction?
When you understand that your addiction results from an inadequacy, the question
becomes how you will respond to your inadequacy-by reaching for another drink, or
another sexual encounter, or by reaching inward for those things that fill the whole?
Move into how strong the power of your addiction is, into how deeply you feel its
attraction, and ask yourself if the time is really right for you to release this form of
learning. That is for you to ask and answer. You may hear the guidance of your
nonphysical Teachers, and feel that it offers you a path of higher wisdom, but at the
same moment realize that you are not ready to take that path. You might decide that
this is not the right time, that you are not yet strong enough to live a certain way. You
might indeed have to face that.
Ultimately, you will take the higher path, but if you wish to put the journey off for a
day or a week or seven lifetimes, that is sufficient. Your Teachers see from a
perspective that does not include time. It is the depth of wisdom for you to know that
you will eventually take the path of consciousness. If that is the path that you will
eventually take, why wait? Yet, there are times when there is wisdom in waiting as
the rest of you prepares for the journey. There is no shame in this decision.
The Universe does not judge. Eventually, you will come to authentic empowerment.
You will know the power of forgiveness, humbleness, clarity and love. You will
evolve beyond the human experience, beyond the Earth school, beyond the learning
environment of space and time and matter. You cannot not evolve. Everything in the
Universe evolves. It is only a question of which way you will choose to learn as you
evolve. This is always your choice, and there is always wisdom in each choice.
When you return home, when you leave your personality and body behind, you will
leave behind your inadequacies, your fears and angers and jealousies. They do not,
and cannot, exist within the realm of spirit. They are the experiences of the
personality, of time and matter. You will once again enter the fullness of who you
are. You will perceive with loving eyes and compassionate understanding the
experiences of your life, including those that seemed so much to control you. You
will see what purposes they served. You will survey what has been learned, and you
will bring these things into your next incarnation.
If you choose to continue with your addiction, you choose to experience negative
karma. You choose to create without compassion. You choose to be unconscious.
You choose to learn through the experiences that your unconscious intentions create.
You choose to learn through fear and doubt, because you fear your addiction and you
doubt your power to challenge it successfully.
If you choose to challenge your addiction, to move consciously toward wholeness,
you choose to learn through wisdom. You choose to create your experiences
consciously, to align the perceptions and the energy of your personality with your
soul. You choose to create within physical reality the reality that your soul wishes to
create. You choose to allow your soul to move through you. You choose to allow
Divinity to shape your world.
When you struggle with an addiction, you deal directly with the healing of your soul.
You deal directly with the matter of your life. This is the work that is required to be
done. As you face your deepest struggles, you reach for your highest goal. As you
bring to light, heal, and release the deepest currents of negativity within you, you
allow the energy of your soul to move directly into, and to shape, the experiences and
events of physical reality, and thereby to accomplish unimpeded its tasks upon the
Earth.
This is the work of evolution. It is the work that you were born to do.

Source: Seat of the soul (Gary Zukav) Tags: Behavioral Science,Book Summary,Emotional Intelligence,Psychology,

The Path To Growth (by Gary Zukav)

 This article draws your attention to the vertical path, the path to growth, and to the difference between the vertical path and the horizontal path.

The vertical path is the path of awareness. It is the path of consciousness and conscious choice. The person who chooses to advance his or her spiritual growth, to cultivate awareness of his or her higher self, is on a vertical path. The vertical path is the path of clarity. The potential for the creation of clarity and the experience of interacting with your nonphysical Teacher are one and the same.

The horizontal path is the path that satisfies your personality. A businessman or a businesswoman, for example, who devotes his or her life to the accumulation of money is on a horizontal path. No matter how diverse his or her ventures may become, they are essentially identical. If they make money, they please the personality, and if they lose money, they distress the personality, but they do not serve the higher self. They do not serve his or her spiritual growth.

A person that seeks relationships only to gratify his or her own needs, such as his or her own emotional or sexual needs, will find that each relationship is essentially identical, that the people in his or her life are replaceable, that experiences with the first and experiences with the second are essentially the same. This is the horizontal path. Each new experience is not really new. It is more of the same thing. To experience relationships of substance and depth requires approaching and entering into relationships with consciousness and concern for the other. That is the vertical path.

This does not mean that learning does not occur in all situations, and that when a horizontal path is no longer appropriate to a soul's learning, that soul will not leave it behind. Sooner or later, each soul will turn toward authentic power. Every situation serves this goal, and every soul will reach it. The vertical path begins with the decision to do that consciously.

Source: Seat of the Soul (Gary Zukav)

The Brave Never Die

The wreck of the Birkenhead off the coast of Africa on the 27th of February, 1852, affords another memorable illustration of the chivalrous spirit of common men acting in this nineteenth century, of which any age might be proud. The vessel was steaming along the African coast with 472 men and 166 women and children on board. The men belonged to several regiments then serving at the Cape, and consisted principally of recruits who had been only a short time in the service. At two o’clock in the morning, while all were asleep below, the ship struck with violence upon a hidden rock which penetrated her bottom; and it was at once felt that she must go down. The roll of the drums called the soldiers to arms on the upper deck, and the men mustered as if on parade. The word was passed to save the women and children; and the helpless creatures were brought from below, mostly undressed, and handed silently into the boats. When they had all left the ship’s side, the commander of the vessel thoughtlessly called out, “All those that can swim, jump overboard and make for the boats.” But Captain Wright, of the 91st Highlanders, said, “No! if you do that, the boats with the women must be swamped;” and the brave men stood motionless. There was no boat remaining, and no hope of safety; but not a heart quailed; no one flinched from his duty in that trying moment. “There was not a murmur nor a cry amongst them,” said Captain Wright, a survivor, “until the vessel made her final plunge.” Down went the ship, and down went the heroic band, firing a feu de joie as they sank beneath the waves. Glory and honour to the gentle and the brave! The examples of such men never die, but, like their memories, are immortal.

Source: Self help (Samuel Smiles)

References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Birkenhead_(1845)

Why Socialism Won't Work

An economics professor at a local college made a statement that he had never failed a single student before, but had recently failed an entire class.

That class had insisted that socialism worked and that no one would be poor and no one would be rich, a great equalizer.

The professor then said, "OK, we will have an experiment in this class on this plan : All grades will be averaged and everyone will receive the same grade!

After the first test, the grades were averaged and everyone got a B.

The students who studied hard were upset and the students who studied little were happy.

As the second test rolled around, the students who studied little had studied even less and the ones who studied hard decided they wanted a free ride too so they studied little.

The second test average was a D!

No one was happy.

When the 3rd test rolled around, the average was an F!

As the tests proceeded, the scores never increased as bickering, blame and name-calling all resulted in hard feelings and no one would study for the benefit of anyone else.

To their great surprise, ALL FAILED and the professor told them that communism would also ultimately fail because when the reward is great, the effort to succeed is great, but when government takes all the reward away, no one will try or want to succeed.

These are possibly the 5 best sentences you'll ever read and all applicable to this experiment :

1. You cannot legislate the poor into prosperity by legislating the wealthy out of prosperity.

2. What one person receives without working for, another person must work for without receiving.

3. The government cannot give to anybody anything that the government does not first take from somebody else.

4. You cannot multiply wealth by dividing it.

5. When half of the people get the idea that they do not have to work because the other half is going to take care of them and when the other half gets the idea that it does no good to work because somebody else is going to get what they work for, that is the beginning of the end of any nation.

When Letting Go Is The Better Choice

The manner in which many allow themselves to be sacrificed to their love of wealth reminds one of the cupidity of the monkey—that caricature of our species.

In Algiers, the Kabyle peasant attaches a gourd, well fixed, to a tree, and places within it some rice. The gourd has an opening merely sufficient to admit the monkey’s paw. The creature comes to the tree by night, inserts his paw, and grasps his booty. He tries to draw it back, but it is clenched, and he has not the wisdom to unclench it. So there he stands till morning, when he is caught, looking as foolish as may be, though with the prize in his grasp.

The moral of this little story is capable of a very extensive application in life.

Source: Self-Help by Samuel Smiles

Height of Managerial Expectations

One night, just before the shopkeeper was about to close the shop, a dog came into the shop.

There was a bag in its mouth. The bag had a list of items to be bought and money. The shopkeeper took the money and kept the items in the bag.

Immediately, The dog picked up the bag of items and left. The shopkeeper was surprised and went behind the dog to see who the owner was.

The dog waited at the bus stop. After sometime, a bus came and the dog got into the bus. As soon as the conductor came, it moved forward to show his neck belt which had money and the address as well. The conductor took the money and put the ticket in his neck belt again.

When it reached the destination, the dog went to the front and wagged his tail indicating that he wanted to get down. The moment the bus stopped, it got down. The shopkeeper was still following it.

The dog knocked on the door of a house with its legs. Its owner came from inside and beat it with a stick.

The shocked shopkeeper asked him "why are you beating the dog?", to which the owner replied, "he disturbed my sleep. It could have taken the keys with it."

This is the truth of life. There is no end to the expectations people have from you. The moment you go wrong, they start pointing at our mistakes. All the good done in the past is forgotten. Any small mistake committed then gets magnified. This is the nature of this material world!

No charge for love!

 
A farmer had some puppies he needed to sell. He painted a sign advertising the 4 pups, and set about nailing it to a post on the edge of his yard.

As he was driving the last nail into the post, he felt tug on his overalls.

He looked down into the eyes of a little boy.

"Mister," he said, "I want to buy one of your puppies."

"Well," said the farmer, as he rubbed the sweat of the back of his neck, "these puppies come from fine parents and cost a good deal of money."

The boy dropped his head for a moment. Then reaching deep into his pocket, he pulled out a handful of change and held it up to the farmer. "I've got thirty-nine cents. Is that enough to take a look?"

"Sure," said the farmer. And with that he let out a whistle. "Here Dolly!" he called.

Out from the doghouse and down ramp ran Dolly followed by four little balls of fur.

The little boy pressed his face against the chain link fence. His eyes danced with delight.

As the dogs made their way to the fence, the little boy noticed something else stirring inside the doghouse.

Slowly another little ball appeared, this one noticeably smaller.

Down the ramp it slid. Then in a awkward manner, the little pup began hobbling toward the others, doing its best to catch up....

"I want that one," the little boy said, pointing to the runt.

The farmer knelt down at the boy's side and said, "Son, you don't want that puppy. He will never be able to run and play with you like these other dogs would."

With that the little boy stepped back from the fence, reached down, and began rolling up one leg of his trousers. In doing so he revealed a steel brace running down both sides of his leg attaching itself to a specially made shoe.

Looking back up at the farmer, he said, "You see sir, I don't run too well myself, and he will need someone who understands."

With tears in his eyes, the farmer reached down and picked up the little pup. Holding it carefully he handed it to the little boy.

"How much?" asked the little boy.

"No charge," answered the farmer, "There's no charge for love."

Catch positivity with this 'Gloom Chaser'

Worry, and envy, and jealousy, and hatred, and doubt, and fear are all states of mind which are fatal to action. Any of these states of mind will interfere with, and in some instances destroy altogether, the digestive process through which the food is assimilated and prepared for distribution through the body. This interference is purely physical, but the damage does not stop here, because these negative states of mind destroy the most essential factor in the achievement of success; namely, desire to achieve. In the second lesson of this course you learned that your definite chief aim in life should be supported by a burning desire for its realization. You can have no burning desire for achievement when you are in a negative state of mind, no matter what the cause of that state of mind may be. To keep myself in a positive frame of mind I have discovered a very effective “gloom-chaser.” That may not be a very dignified way of expressing my meaning, but since the subject of this lesson is action and not dignity I will make it serve. The “gloom-chaser” to which I refer is a hearty laugh. When I feel “out of sorts” or inclined to argue with somebody over something that is not worthy of discussion, I know that I need my “gloom-chaser,” and I proceed to get away where I will disturb no one and have a good hearty laugh. If I can find nothing really funny about which to laugh I simply have a forced laugh. The effect is the same in both cases. Five minutes of this sort of mental and physical exercise - for it is both - will stimulate action that is free from negative tendencies.

(Book: Law of success (Napoleon Hill))

How Charles Dicken's 'A Christmas Carol' came into being - A note on 'contribution to society'

Recently, the Covey Leadership Center participated with the local PBS station in making available to the Public Broadcasting System a video dramatization we developed and filmed in England. The central figure in this remarkable story is an Englishman who transcended a childhood spent as a street urchin to become a reasonably successful writer with a nice home and a loving family. At the time of the story, however , he had reached a point where he was experiencing “writer’s block.” For some time, he had been unable to feel inspired in his writing. It seemed his creativity had turned off. His debts were mounting. He was under tremendous pressure from the publisher. He was becoming more and more depressed with a growing fear that his own children would end up on the streets like so many he saw around . . . like he, himself, had as a youth. He was discouraged. He couldn’t sleep. He began to spend his nights walking the streets of London. He saw the poverty, the inhumane conditions of children working nights in the factories, the terrible struggle of parents trying to eke out a living for their families. Gradually , the full reality of what he was seeing began to hit him—the impact of selfishness and greed and those who would take advantage of others. An idea touched his heart and began to grow in his mind. There was something he could do that would make a difference! He returned to his writing with an energy and enthusiasm he had never known. The vision of contribution impassioned him, consumed him. He no longer felt doubt or discouragement. He didn’t worry about his own financial concerns. He wanted to get this story out, to make it as inexpensive as possible, to make it available to as many people as possible. His whole life had changed. As a result, the world was changed. Charles Dickens’s masterpiece “A  Christmas Carol” has brightened the lives of millions of people around the world. For one hundred and fifty years his vision has left a wonderful legacy of hope, warmth, and caring.

(First things first, Stephen R Covey)

Where to invest your time - Learn from the Chinese bamboo tree

The Chinese bamboo tree is planted after the earth is prepared, and for the first four years, all of the growth is underground. The only thing visible above the ground is a little bulb and a small shoot coming out of it. Then, in the fifth year, the bamboo tree grows up to eighty feet. Principle-centered leaders understand the metaphor of the bamboo tree. They understand the value of working in Quadrant II (i.e., putting 'important but not urgent' tasks on priority) [1]. They know what it means to pay the price to prepare the ground, to plant the seed, and to fertilize and cultivate and water and weed, even when they can’t see immediate results, because they have faith that ultimately they will reap the fruits in the harvest. And what wonderful fruits they are!
Your organization’s culture is the one competitive advantage that cannot be duplicated. Technology can be copied. Information can be acquired. Capital can be bought. But the ability of your organization to collaborate effectively, to work in Quadrant II, to put first things first, cannot be bought, transferred, or installed. A high-trust, empowered culture is always home-grown. The same is true for a family, or any other group of people. A quality culture must be nourished over time. Only by acting in harmony with correct principles, exercising patience, humility, and courage, and working within your Circle of Influence can you transform yourself and positively influence your organization. You can only create empowerment from the inside out.

[1]: The idea of quadrants is to divide yous activities into four quadrants as follows:
Quadrant I is for 'important and urgent' tasks
Quadrant II is for 'important but not urgent' tasks
Quadrant III is for 'urgent but not important' tasks
Quadrant IV is for 'neither important nor urgent' tasks

12 Types Of Pain That Are Directly Linked To Emotional States

According to Dr. Susan Babel, a psychologist, emotions do affect chronic pain.
She says that chronic pain, beside physical injury, may be caused by stress and emotional issues.

Let’s take a look at what pain in a particular area of your body indicates:

Head
Headaches can be caused by stress life. If someone has chronic headaches she/he needs to grab some time for themselves on daily basis. Relaxing may help you to relieve your body from the head pain.

Neck
Neck pain implies the need to forgive. It may be to forgive yourself or to forgive some other person. It is very important to focus on things that you love about yourself or what others love in you.

Shoulders
Pain in the shoulders is sign that person carries a heavy emotional burden. Shoulders carry everything. To solve this problem share the load with friends or family.

Upper Back
Upper back pain manifests lack of emotional support. Probably the person is holding back feelings or doesn’t feel appreciated. Just talk about your feelings with your partner or close friend.

Lower Back
Pain in the lower back shows that person has financial worries. Sit down and focus on managing money.

Elbows
Elbow and arm pain signifies a lack of flexibility. Try not to resist the natural changes in your life.

Hands
Pain in the hands may be caused by a lack of friends. Try to meet new people.

Hips
Fear of change, moving or waiting on a big decision can cause the hip pain. Make the changes step by step.

Knees
Pain in the knee is a sign of high self-esteem. Maybe you should try to do some volunteering work and remember no one is perfect.

Calves
Calf pain is caused by stress, emotional tension or jealousy. Maybe it is time to let go the jealousy or any big stressor in your life.

Ankles
Pain in the ankle means that you need more pleasure in your life. Try to enjoy the little things and every moment in your life.

Feet
Foot pain occurs if you fight with depression. Depression is a specific disease, but for a start try to find a new hobby or just adopt a pet.

Friends this concept is scientifically proven so before adopting medicine or concern for the doctor, give some time and observe your thought... it starts healing you automatically.

Excerpt taken from book: 'You can heal your life'
You Can Heal Your Life is a 1984 self-help and new thought book by Louise L. Hay.

The Jar of Life - Time management basics

I attended a seminar once where the instructor was lecturing on time. At one point, he said, “Okay, it’s time for a quiz.” He reached under the table and pulled out a wide-mouth gallon jar. He set it on the table next to a platter with some fist-sized rocks on it. “How many of these rocks do you think we can get in the jar?” he asked.
After we made our guess, he said, “Okay. Let’s find out.” He set one rock in the jar . . . then another . . . then another. I don’t remember how many he got in, but he got the jar full. Then he asked, “Is that jar full?”
Everybody looked at the rocks and said, “Yes.”
Then he said, “Ahhh.” He reached under the table and pulled out a bucket of gravel. Then he dumped some gravel in and shook the jar and
the gravel went in all the little spaces left by the big rocks. Then he grinned and said once more, “Is the jar full?”
By this time we were on to him. “Probably not,” we said.
“Good!” he replied. And he reached under the table and brought out a bucket of sand. He started dumping the sand in and it went in all the little spaces left by the rocks and the gravel. Once more he looked at us and said, “Is the jar full?”
“No!” we all roared.
He said, “Good!” and he grabbed a pitcher of water and began to pour it in. He got something like a quart of water in that jar. Then he said, “Well, what’s the point?”
Somebody said, “Well, there are gaps, and if you really work at it, you can always fit more into your life.”
“No,” he said, “that’s not the point. The point is this: if you hadn’t put these big rocks in first, would you ever have gotten any of them in?”

Same principle is applicable to the way we manage our priorities and time. With the “more is better” paradigm, we’re always trying to fit more activities into the time we have. But what does it matter how much we do if what we’re doing isn’t what matters most?

Excerpt from: First things first (Stephen R Covey)

There are literally infinite number of words!

Go to Index of English Lessons

    
There are literally an infinite number of words, this is because creation of new words happens every time so there is no upper bound on the number of words.

A study in the field of Text Mining tried to estimate the number of terms in a collection of documents and the result of it was the "Heap's Law".
- Heaps’ law: M = k(T^b)
- Here, M is the size of the vocabulary, T is the number of tokens in the collection.
- Typical values: 30 ≤ k ≤ 100 and b ≈ 0.5
- In a log-log plot of vocabulary size M vs. T, Heaps’ law predicts a line with slope about 1/2.
- It is the simplest possible relationship between the two in log-log space.

Heaps’ law suggests that
 (i) the dictionary size continues to increase with more documents in the collection, rather than a maximum vocabulary size being reached
 (ii) the size of the dictionary is quite large for large collections.

Here are some lists of words that English borrowed as is from other languages (considered here are French, Latin, Hindi, Japanese).

-------------------------------------------

Some French words borrowed by English:

1:
 bourgeois
  /ˈbʊəʒwɑː/
  adjective
  adjective: bourgeois

   1.
   belonging to or characteristic of the middle class, typically with reference to its perceived materialistic values or conventional attitudes.
   "a rich, bored, bourgeois family"
   synonyms: middle-class, property-owning, propertied, shopkeeping; More
   conventional, traditional, conservative, conformist;
   ordinary, commonplace, provincial, parochial, suburban, small-town, parish-pump
   "she came from a bourgeois family"
   antonyms: proletarian, unconventional
    (in Marxist contexts) upholding the interests of capitalism; not communist.
    "bourgeois society took for granted the sanctity of property"
    synonyms: capitalistic, materialistic, money-oriented, commercial; informalyuppie
    "foreign ideas were denounced as bourgeois decadence"
    antonyms: communist

  noun
  noun: bourgeois; plural noun: bourgeois

   1.
   a bourgeois person.
   "a self-confessed and proud bourgeois"
   synonyms: member of the middle class, property owner
   "Liebermann was a self-professed and proud bourgeois"
   antonyms: communist

  Origin
  mid 16th century: from French, from late Latin burgus ‘castle’ (in medieval Latin ‘fortified town’), ultimately of Germanic origin and related to borough. Compare with burgess.

2:
 savant
  /ˈsav(ə)nt,French savɑ̃/
  noun
  noun: savant; plural noun: savants

   a learned person, especially a distinguished scientist.
   synonyms: intellectual, scholar, sage, philosopher, thinker, learned person, wise person, Solomon; More
   guru, master, authority;
   mahatma, maharishi, pandit
   "Sir Isaiah Berlin, the Oxford savant"
   antonyms: ignoramus, fool

  Origin
  early 18th century: French, literally ‘knowing (person)’, present participle (used as a noun) of savoir .

3:
 rendezvous
  /ˈrɒndɪvuː,ˈrɒndeɪvuː/
  noun
  noun: rendezvous; plural noun: rendezvous

   1.
   a meeting at an agreed time and place.
   "Edward turned up late for their rendezvous"
   synonyms: meeting, appointment, engagement, assignation; More
   informaldate;
   literarytryst
   "Edward turned up late for their rendezvous"
    a meeting place.
    "you'd be welcome to use this place as a rendezvous"
    synonyms: meeting place, venue, place of assignation; literarytrysting place
    "you'd be welcome to use my place as a rendezvous"
    a bar, restaurant, or similar establishment that is used as a popular meeting place.
    "a lively West End restaurant rendezvous"

  verb
  verb: rendezvous; 3rd person present: rendezvouses; past tense: rendezvoused; past participle: rendezvoused; gerund or present participle: rendezvousing

   1.
   meet at an agreed time and place.
   "I rendezvoused with Bea as planned"
   synonyms: meet, come together, get together, gather, assemble
   "at seven o'clock she reached the wine bar where they had agreed to rendezvous"

  Origin
  late 16th century: from French rendez-vous! ‘present yourselves!’, imperative of se rendre .

4:
 boudoir
 /ˈbuːdwɑː/
  noun historical humorous
  noun: boudoir; plural noun: boudoirs

   a woman's bedroom or small private room.

  Origin
  late 18th century: French, literally ‘sulking-place’, from bouder ‘pout, sulk’.
 
5:
 bon vivant
  /bɒ̃ viːˈvɒ̃,French bɔ̃ vivɑ̃/
  noun
  noun: bon vivant; plural noun: bons vivants; plural noun: bon vivants

   a person who devotes themselves to a sociable and luxurious lifestyle.
   "he was a diplomat, bon vivant, and womanizer par excellence"

  Origin
  late 17th century: from French, literally ‘person living well’, from bon ‘good’ and vivre ‘to live’.

6:
 bon appétit
  /ˌbɒn apɛˈtiː,French bɔn apeti/
  exclamation
  exclamation: bon appétit

   used as a salutation to a person about to eat.

  Origin
  French, literally ‘good appetite’.

7:
 oeuvre
  /ˈəːvr(ə)/
  noun
  noun: oeuvre; plural noun: oeuvres

   the body of work of a painter, composer, or author.
   "the complete oeuvre of Mozart"
    a work of art, music, or literature.
    "an early oeuvre"

  Origin
  late 19th century: French, literally ‘work’.

8:
 boeuf
  /bəːf/
  noun
  noun: boeuf

   French word for beef, used in the names of various beef dishes.
 
9:
 Chardonnay
  /ˈʃɑːdəneɪ/
  noun
  noun: Chardonnay

   a variety of white wine grape used for making champagne and other wines.
    a wine made from the Chardonnay grape.
    plural noun: Chardonnays

  Origin
  French.

10:
 bête noire
  /bɛt ˈnwɑː,beɪt ˈnwɑː,French bɛt nwaʀ/
  noun
  noun: bête noire; plural noun: bêtes noires

   a person or thing that one particularly dislikes.
   "great-uncle Edward was my father's bête noire"
   synonyms: bugbear, pet hate, pet aversion, anathema, abomination, bogey, bugaboo; More
   a thorn in one's flesh/side, the bane of one's life
   antonyms: favourite

  Origin
  French, literally ‘black beast’. 

11:
 cul-de-sac
  /ˈkʌldəˌsak,ˈkʊldəˌsak/
  noun
  noun: cul-de-sac; plural noun: culs-de-sac; plural noun: cul-de-sacs

   a street or passage closed at one end.
   synonyms: no through road, blind alley, dead end
    a route or course leading nowhere.
    "was the new post a career cul-de-sac?"
    Anatomy
    a vessel, tube, or sac open at only one end.

  Origin
  mid 18th century (originally in anatomy): French, literally ‘bottom of a sack’. 

12:
 esprit de corps
  /ɛˌspriː də ˈkɔː,French ɛspʀi də kɔʀ/
  noun
  noun: esprit de corps; plural noun: esprits de corps

   a feeling of pride and mutual loyalty shared by the members of a group.
   "they developed some esprit de corps through athletics competitions"

13:
 legerdemain (from léger de main)
 ˌlɛdʒədɪˈmeɪn/
 noun
 noun: legerdemain

  skilful use of one's hands when performing conjuring tricks.
  synonyms: sleight of hand, juggling, conjuring, magic, prestidigitation, wizardry, illusion, dexterity; rarethaumaturgy
  "stage magicians practising legerdemain"
   deception; trickery.
   "a classic piece of management legerdemain"
   synonyms: trickery, cunning, artfulness, craftiness, craft, wiles, chicanery, skulduggery, deceit, deception, artifice, cheating, dissimulation, double-dealing, artful argument, specious reasoning, sophistry, humbug, flimflam; More
   informaljiggery-pokery;
   archaicstratagem
   "a classic piece of management legerdemain"

 Origin
 late Middle English: from French léger de main ‘dexterous’, literally ‘light of hand’.

14: 
 potpourri
 /pəʊˈpʊəri,pəʊpʊəˈriː,pɒtˈpʊəri/
 noun
 noun: potpourri; noun: pot-pourri

  a mixture of dried petals and spices placed in a bowl to perfume a room.
   a mixture or medley of things.
   plural noun: potpourris; plural noun: pot-pourris
   "he played a potpourri of tunes from Gilbert and Sullivan"
   synonyms: mixture, assortment, collection, selection, assemblage, medley, miscellany, melange, mix, variety, motley collection, mixed bag, patchwork, pastiche, blend; More
   smorgasbord, ragbag, hotchpotch, hodgepodge, mishmash, jumble, farrago;
   raregallimaufry, omnium gatherum, olio, olla podrida, salmagundi, pasticcio, macédoine, motley
   "this book is a pot-pourri of curious animal stories"

 Origin
 early 17th century (denoting a stew made of different kinds of meat): from French, literally ‘rotten pot’.

15:
 debutante
  /ˈdɛbjʊtɑːnt,ˈdeɪɛbjʊtɑːnt/
  noun
  noun: debutante; plural noun: debutantes

   an upper-class young woman making her first appearance in fashionable society.
    a woman making her first public appearance, especially in sport.
    "the women's team includes eighteen year-old debutante Katharine Merry"

  Origin
  early 19th century: from French débutante (feminine) ‘leading off’, from the verb débuter .

16:
 adieu
  /əˈdjuː/
  literary
  exclamation
  exclamation: adieu

   1.
   goodbye.

  noun
  noun: adieu; plural noun: adieux; plural noun: adieus

   1.
   a goodbye.
   "he whispered a fond adieu"

  Origin
  late Middle English: from Old French, from a ‘to’ + Dieu ‘God’; compare with adios.

17:
 debonair
  /ˌdɛbəˈnɛː/
  adjective
  adjective: debonair

   (of a man) confident, stylish, and charming.
   "all the men looked debonair and handsome in white tie and tails"
   synonyms: suave, urbane, sophisticated, cultured, self-possessed, self-assured, confident, charming, gracious, well mannered, civil, courteous, gallant, chivalrous, gentlemanly, refined, polished, well bred, genteel, dignified, courtly; More
   well dressed, well groomed, well turned out, elegant, stylish, smart, dashing, dapper, spruce, trim, attractive;
   soigné;
   informalsmooth, swish, swanky, snappy, sharp, cool;
   informalspiffy, fly;
   informalon fleek;
   datedmannerly;
   archaictrig, gentle
   "a debonair young man"
   antonyms: unsophisticated

  Origin
  Middle English (in the sense ‘meek or courteous’): from Old French debonaire, from de bon aire ‘of good disposition’.

18:
 raison d'être
  /ˌreɪzɒ̃ ˈdɛtrə,French ʀɛzɔ̃ dɛtʀ/
  noun
  unpunctuated: raison dêtre; noun: raison d'être; plural noun: raisons d'être

   the most important reason or purpose for someone or something's existence.
   "seeking to shock is the catwalk's raison d'être"

  Origin
  French, literally ‘reason for being’.

19:
 nom de guerre
  /ˌnɒm də ˈɡɛː/
  noun
  noun: nom de guerre; plural noun: noms de guerre

   an assumed name under which a person engages in combat or some other activity or enterprise.
   "some gave themselves fierce noms de guerre like ‘Rambo’"

  Origin
  French, literally ‘war name’.

20:
 genre
  /ˈʒɒ̃rə,ˈ(d)ʒɒnrə/
  noun
  noun: genre; plural noun: genres; modifier noun: genre

   1.
   a style or category of art, music, or literature.
   "the spy thriller is a very masculine genre"
   synonyms: category, class, classification, categorization, group, grouping, bracket, head, heading, list, listing, set; More
   type, sort, kind, variety, species, breed, style, brand, make, model, family, school, stamp, cast, ilk, kidney;
   division, section, department, compartment
   "a whole new genre of novels"
   2.
   denoting or relating to a style of painting depicting scenes from ordinary life, typically domestic situations, associated particularly with 17th-century Dutch and Flemish artists.
   "genre scenes"

  Origin
  early 19th century: French, literally ‘a kind’ (see gender).

21:
 RSVP
  RSVP is a process for a response from the invited person or people. It is an initialism derived from the French phrase "Répondez s'il vous plaît" meaning "Please respond".
  Source: Wikipedia

22:
 mule
  /mjuːl/
  noun
  plural noun: mules

   a woman's slipper or light shoe without a back.

  Origin
  mid 16th century: from French, ‘slipper’.

23:
 en rapport
  /ˌɒ̃ raˈpɔː/
  adverb
  adverb: en rapport

   having a close and harmonious relationship.
   "his improvisation indicates that he is en rapport with the rhythm of the band"

  Origin
  French (see rapport).

24:
 hors d'oeuvre
  /ɔː ˈdəːv,ɔː ˈdəːvr(ə)/
  noun
  unpunctuated: hors doeuvre; noun: hors d'oeuvre; plural noun: hors d'oeuvre; plural noun: hors d'oeuvres

   a small savoury dish, typically one served as an appetizer.
   "a trolley laden with fifteen different hors d'oeuvres"

  Origin
  French, literally ‘outside the work’.

25:
 outré
  /ˈuːtreɪ/
  adjective
  adjective: outré

   unusual and typically rather shocking.
   "the composer's more outré harmonies"
   synonyms: weird, queer, outlandish, offbeat, far out, freakish, grotesque, quirky, zany, eccentric, off-centre, idiosyncratic, unconventional, unorthodox, funny, bizarre, fantastic, unusual, extraordinary, strange, unfamiliar, unknown, unheard of, alien, foreign, peculiar, odd, curious, atypical, irregular, anomalous, deviant, abnormal, quaint, out of the way, ludicrous, preposterous; More
   informalway-out, wacky, freaky, kooky, screwy, kinky, oddball, cranky;
   informaloff the wall, in left field, bizarro;
   datedsingular
   "the composer's more outré harmonies"
   antonyms: ordinary, normal

  Origin
  French, literally ‘exceeded’, past participle of outrer (see outrage).
-------------------------------------------------

Some Latin words borrowed by English:

1:
 sui generis
  /ˌsuːɪ ˈdʒɛnərɪs,ˌsuːʌɪ ˈdʒɛnərɪs/
  adjective
  adjective: sui generis

   unique.
   "the sui generis nature of animals"

  Origin
  Latin, literally ‘of its own kind’.
  
2:
 per se
  /pəː ˈseɪ/
  adverb
  adverb: per se; adverb: perse

   by or in itself or themselves; intrinsically.
   "it is not these facts per se that are important"
   synonyms: in itself, of itself, by itself, as such, intrinsically; More
   by its very nature, in essence, by definition, essentially
   "possessing a knife was not per se an unlawful act"

  Origin
  Latin.
 
3:
 de jure
  /deɪ ˈjʊəreɪ,diː ˈdʒʊəri/
  adverb
  adverb: de jure; adverb: dejure

   1.
   according to rightful entitlement or claim; by right.
   "the resolution declared that the independent Republic of Latvia proclaimed on November 18, 1918 was still in existence de jure"
   synonyms: by right, rightfully, legally, according to the law; More
   rightful, legal
   antonyms: de facto

  adjective
  adjective: de jure; adjective: dejure

   1.
   existing or holding a specified position by legal right.
   "he had been de jure king since his father's death"

  Origin
  Latin, literally ‘of law’.
 
4:
 de facto
  /deɪ ˈfaktəʊ/
  adverb
  adverb: de facto; adverb: defacto

   1.
   in fact, whether by right or not.
   "the country was de facto divided between two states"
   synonyms: in practice, in effect, in fact, in reality, really, actually, in actuality
   "the republic has been de facto divided into two states"
   antonyms: in theory, de jure

  adjective
  adjective: de facto; adjective: defacto

   1.
   existing or holding a specified position in fact but not necessarily by legal right.
   "a de facto one-party system"
   synonyms: actual, existing, existent, real, effective
   "they took de facto control of the land"
   antonyms: theoretical, de jure

  Origin
  Latin, literally ‘of fact’.
 
5:
 bona fides
  /ˌbəʊnə ˈfʌɪdiːz/
  noun
  noun: bonafides

   a person's honesty and sincerity of intention.
   "he went to great lengths to establish his liberal bona fides"
    informal
    documentary evidence showing that a person is what they claim to be; credentials.
    plural noun: bona fides; plural noun: bonafides
    "he set about checking Loretta's bona fides"

  Origin
  Latin, literally ‘good faith’.

6:
 ex nihilo
  /ɛks ˈnʌɪhɪləʊ/
  adverb formal
  adverb: ex nihilo

   out of nothing.
   "he went on to create a paradise ex nihilo"

  Origin
  Latin.
 
7:
 reductio ad absurdum
  /rɪˌdʌktɪəʊ ad abˈsəːdəm/
  noun Philosophy
  noun: reductio ad absurdum

   a method of proving the falsity of a premise by showing that its logical consequence is absurd or contradictory.
   "the argument is a reductio ad absurdum of utilitarianism"

  Origin
  Latin, literally ‘reduction to the absurd’.

8: 
 credo
  /ˈkriːdəʊ,ˈkreɪdəʊ/
  noun
  noun: credo; plural noun: credos
  
   a statement of the beliefs or aims which guide someone's actions.
   "he announced his credo in his first editorial"
    a creed of the Christian Church in Latin.
    noun: Credo; plural noun: Credos
    a musical setting of the Nicene Creed, typically as part of a mass.
    noun: Credo
    "the Credo of Bach's B minor Mass"
  
  Origin
  Middle English: Latin, ‘I believe’. Compare with creed.

9:
 amour
  /əˈmʊə/
  noun
  noun: amour; plural noun: amours

   a love affair or lover, especially one that is secret.
   "he is enraged at this revelation of his past amours"

  Origin
  Middle English (originally in the sense ‘love, affection’): via Old French from Latin amor ‘love’. The current sense dates from the late 16th century.

10:
 placebo
  /pləˈsiːbəʊ/
  noun
  noun: placebo; plural noun: placebos

   a medicine or procedure prescribed for the psychological benefit to the patient rather than for any physiological effect.
    a substance that has no therapeutic effect, used as a control in testing new drugs.
    a measure designed merely to humour or placate someone.
    "pacified by the placebos of the previous year, they claimed a moral victory"

  Origin
  late 18th century: from Latin, literally ‘I shall be acceptable or pleasing’, from placere ‘to please’.

11:
 Saturnalia
  /ˌsatəˈneɪlɪə/
  noun

   the ancient Roman festival of Saturn in December, a period of general merrymaking and the predecessor of Christmas.
    an occasion of wild revelry or indulgence.
    plural noun: saturnalias
    "a saturnalia of shopping"

  Origin
  Latin, literally ‘matters relating to Saturn’, neuter plural of Saturnalis.

12:
 pro rata
  /prəʊ ˈrɑːtə,ˈreɪtə/
  adjective
  adjective: pro rata

   1.
   proportional.
   "as the pound has fallen costs have risen on a pro rata basis"

  adverb
  adverb: pro rata

   1.
   proportionally.
   "their fees will rise pro rata with salaries"

  Origin
  late 16th century: Latin, literally ‘according to the rate’.

13:
 dementia praecox
  /ˈpriːkɒks/
  noun
  noun: dementia praecox

   archaic term for schizophrenia.

  Origin
  Latin, literally ‘early insanity’.

14:
 delirium tremens
  /dɪˌlɪrɪəmˈtriːmɛnz,dɪˌlɪrɪəmˈtrɛmɛnz/
  noun
  noun: delirium tremens

   a psychotic condition typical of withdrawal in chronic alcoholics, involving tremors, hallucinations, anxiety, and disorientation.

  Origin
  early 19th century: from Latin, ‘trembling delirium’.

15: 
 carpe diem
  /ˌkɑːpeɪ ˈdiːɛm,ˈdʌɪɛm/
  exclamation
  exclamation: carpe diem

   used to urge someone to make the most of the present time and give little thought to the future.

  Origin
  Latin, ‘seize the day!’, a quotation from Horace ( Odes I.xi).

16:
 De minimis
  De minimis is a Latin expression meaning "about minimal things", normally in the locutions de minimis non curat praetor ("The praetor does not concern himself with trifles") or de minimis non curat lex ("The law does not concern itself with trifles") a legal doctrine by which a court refuses to consider trifling matters. Queen Christina of Sweden (r. 1633–1654) favored the similar Latin adage, aquila non capit muscās (the eagle does not catch flies). 
  Source: Wikipedia

17:
 ad infinitum
  /ˌad ɪnfɪˈnʌɪtəm/
  adverb
  adverb: ad infinitum

   again and again in the same way; forever.
   "registration is for seven years and may be renewed ad infinitum"
   synonyms: forever, for ever and ever, evermore, always, for all time, till the end of time, in perpetuity; More
   perpetually, eternally, endlessly, interminably, unceasingly, unendingly, everlastingly;
   for evermore, forever more;
   forevermore;
   in perpetuum;
   informaluntil the cows come home, until the twelfth of never, until hell freezes over, until doomsday, until kingdom come;
   archaicfor aye
   "the tradition will be maintained ad infinitum"

  Origin
  Latin, literally ‘to infinity’.

18:
 modus operandi
  /ˌməʊdəs ɒpəˈrandiː,ˌməʊdəs ɒpəˈrandʌɪ/
  noun
  noun: modus operandi; plural noun: modi operandi

   a particular way or method of doing something.
   "every killer has his own special modus operandi"
   synonyms: method of working, method, way, MO, manner, technique, style, procedure, approach, course of action, plan of action, methodology, mode, fashion, process, means, strategy, plan, formula, recipe, practice; rarepraxis
    the way in which something operates or works.
    "THC has a quite precise modus operandi that taps into a specific brain function"

  Origin
  Latin, literally ‘way of operating’.

19:
 non sequitur
  /nɒn ˈsɛkwɪtə/
  noun
  plural noun: nonsequiturs

   a conclusion or statement that does not logically follow from the previous argument or statement.
   "his weird mixed metaphors and non sequiturs"

  Origin
  Latin, literally ‘it does not follow’.

20:
 cognomen
  /kɒɡˈnəʊmən/
  noun
  noun: cognomen; plural noun: cognomens

   an extra personal name given to an ancient Roman citizen, functioning rather like a nickname and typically passed down from father to son, for example Marcus Tullius Cicero.
    a name or nickname.
    
   Example: "Gaius Julius Caesar, known by his cognomen Julius Caesar, was a Roman politician and military general who played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire."

  Origin
  Latin, from co- ‘together with’ + gnomen, nomen ‘name’.

-------------------------------------------------

Some Hindi words borrowed by English:

1:
 dhaba
  /ˈdɑːbə/
  noun Indian
  noun: dhaba; plural noun: dhabas

   a roadside food stall.

  Origin
  from Hindi ḍhābā 

2:
 dhurrie
  /ˈdʌri/
  noun
  noun: dhurrie; plural noun: dhurries; noun: durrie; plural noun: durries

   a heavy cotton rug of Indian origin.
   "we were sitting on dhurries by the pond"

  Origin
  from Hindi darī

   A dhurrie (also durrie or durry) is a thick flat-woven rug or carpet used traditionally in India as floor-coverings. The concept of dhurrie is a little bit different from a rug or carpet, because they were use for bedding or packaging, not only as a floor covering.
   Dhurrie - Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhurrie

3:
 veranda
  /vəˈrandə/
  noun
  noun: veranda; plural noun: verandas; noun: verandah; plural noun: verandahs

   a roofed platform along the outside of a house, level with the ground floor.
   "I'll be on the veranda"
    Australian/NZ
    a roof over the pavement in front of a shop.

  Origin
  early 18th century: from Hindi varaṇḍā, from Portuguese varanda ‘railing, balustrade’.

4:
 khana
  /ˈkɑːnə/
  noun Indian
  noun: khana

   food.
    a meal.
    plural noun: khanas

  Origin
  via Hindi from the Sanskrit root khād- ‘eat’.

5:
 roti
  /ˈrəʊti/
  noun Indian
  noun: roti; plural noun: rotis

   bread, especially a flat round bread cooked on a griddle.
   "serve with roti or parathas"

  Origin
  from Hindi roṭī 

6:
 tawa
  /ˈtɑːwə/
  noun
  noun: tawa; plural noun: tawas

   a circular griddle used in South Asia, especially for cooking chapattis.

  Origin
  from Hindi and Punjabi tavā

7:
 chapatti
  /tʃəˈpɑːti,tʃəˈpati/
  noun
  noun: chapatti; plural noun: chapattis; noun: chapati; plural noun: chapatis; noun: chupatty; plural noun: chupatties

   (in Indian cooking) a thin pancake of unleavened wholemeal bread cooked on a griddle.

  Origin
  from Hindi capātī, from capānā ‘flatten, roll out’.

8:
 raja
  /ˈrɑːdʒɑː/
  noun historical
  noun: raja; plural noun: rajas; noun: rajah; plural noun: rajahs

   an Indian king or prince.
    a title extended to minor dignitaries and nobles in India during the British Raj.
    a title extended by the British to a Malay or Javanese ruler or chief.

  Origin
  from Hindi rājā, Sanskrit rājan ‘king’.
-------------------------------------------------

Some Greek words borrowed by English:

1:
 kairos
  /ˈkʌɪrɒs/
  noun
  noun: kairos; plural noun: kairoses

   a propitious moment for decision or action.

  Origin
  1930s: Greek, literally ‘opportunity’.

2:
 agape
  /ˈaɡəpi/
  noun Theology
  noun: agape

   Christian love, as distinct from erotic love or simple affection.
    a communal meal held in Christian fellowship.
    plural noun: agapes

  Origin
  early 17th century: from Greek agapē ‘brotherly love’.
 
-------------------------------------------------

Some Spanish words borrowed by English:

1:
 adios
  /ˌadɪˈɒs/
  exclamation & noun
  exclamation: adios; noun: adios; plural noun: adioses

   (in Spanish or Spanish-speaking contexts) goodbye.

  Origin
  Spanish adiós, from a ‘to’ + Dios ‘God’; compare with adieu.

-------------------------------------------------

Some Japanese words borrowed by English:

1: 
 Chanoyu
  : a Japanese ceremony consisting of the serving and taking of tea in accordance with an elaborate ritual.
  Chanoyu | Definition of Chanoyu by Merriam-Webster
  https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chanoyu

  Chanoyu | Define Chanoyu at Dictionary.com
  www.dictionary.com/browse/chanoyu
  a Japanese ceremony at which tea is prepared, served, and taken with an ancient and involved ritual. Expand. Also called tea ceremony. Origin of chanoyu - Japanese, equivalent to cha tea + no (particle) + yu hot water.

2:
 kaizen
  /kʌɪˈzɛn/
  noun
  noun: kaizen

   a Japanese business philosophy of continuous improvement of working practices, personal efficiency, etc.

  Origin
  Japanese, literally ‘improvement’.

3:
 ramen
  /ˈrɑːmɛn/
  noun
  plural noun: ramen

   (in Japanese cuisine) quick-cooking noodles, typically served in a broth with meat and vegetables.

  Origin
  Japanese, from Chinese lā ‘to pull’ + miàn ‘noodles’.
---------------------------------------------------

Some German words borrowed by English:

1:
 doppelgänger
  /ˈdɒp(ə)lˌɡaŋə,ˈdɒp(ə)lˌɡɛŋə/
  noun
  noun: doppelgänger; plural noun: doppelgängers

   an apparition or double of a living person.

  Origin
  mid 19th century: from German, literally ‘double-goer’.

2:
 kindergarten
  /ˈkɪndəˌɡɑːt(ə)n/
  noun
  noun: kindergarten; plural noun: kindergartens

   (in Britain and Australia) an establishment where children below the age of compulsory education play and learn; a nursery school.
    (in North America) a class or school that prepares children, usually five- or six-year-olds, for the first year of formal education.

  Origin
  mid 19th century: from German, literally ‘children's garden’.

3:
 wunderbar
  German adjective wun·der·bar \ ˈvu̇n-dər-ˌbär \
  Popularity: Bottom 40% of words
  : wonderful 
  By: https://www.merriam-webster.com

4:
 abseil
  /ˈabseɪl,ˈabzʌɪl/
  British
  verb
  verb: abseil; 3rd person present: abseils; past tense: abseiled; past participle: abseiled; gerund or present participle: abseiling

   1.
   descend a rock face or other near-vertical surface by using a doubled rope coiled round the body and fixed at a higher point.
   "team members had to abseil down sheer cliffs to reach the couple"

  noun
  noun: abseil; plural noun: abseils

   1.
   a descent made by abseiling.
   "a 120 ft abseil"

  Origin
  1930s: from German abseilen, from ab ‘down’ + Seil ‘rope’.

5:
 frankfurter
  /ˈfraŋkfəːtə/
  noun
  plural noun: frankfurters

   a seasoned smoked sausage made of beef and pork.

  Origin
  from German Frankfurter Wurst, literally ‘Frankfurt sausage’.

Important URL:
 https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:English_pronunciation