Word Meanings 20190708

cloistered
/ˈklɔɪstəd/
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adjective
adjective: cloistered
1.
enclosed by or having a cloister.
"a cloistered walkway"
2.
kept away from the outside world; sheltered.
"a cloistered upbringing"
synonyms:	secluded, sheltered, sequestered, shielded, protected; More
antonyms:	sociable, gregarious
cloister
/ˈklɔɪstə/
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verb
past tense: cloistered; past participle: cloistered
seclude or shut up in a convent or monastery.
"the monastery was where the Brothers would cloister themselves to meditate"
synonyms:	confine, isolate, shut away, sequester, seclude, closet
"the women were all cloistered at home"
Origin

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crafty
/ˈkrɑːfti/
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adjective
1.
clever at achieving one's aims by indirect or deceitful methods.
"a crafty crook faked an injury to escape from prison"
synonyms:	cunning, guileful, wily, artful, devious, sly, tricky, duplicitous, dishonest, underhand, cheating, deceitful, Janus-faced, sharp, scheming, calculating, designing, evasive; More
2.
INFORMAL
involving or relating to the making of objects by hand.
"a market full of crafty pots and interesting earrings"

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raucous
/ˈrɔːkəs/
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adjective
adjective: raucous
making or constituting a disturbingly harsh and loud noise.
"raucous youths"
synonyms:	harsh, strident, screeching, squawky, squawking, sharp, grating, discordant, dissonant, inharmonious, unmelodious, jarring, brassy; More
antonyms:	soft, dulcet, peaceful, quiet, restrained
Origin

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impetuous
/ɪmˈpɛtjʊəs/
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adjective
adjective: impetuous
acting or done quickly and without thought or care.
"she might live to rue this impetuous decision"
synonyms:	impulsive, rash, hasty, overhasty, reckless, heedless, foolhardy, incautious, imprudent, injudicious, ill-conceived, ill-considered, unplanned, unreasoned, unthought-out, unthinking; More
antonyms:	cautious, considered
moving forcefully or rapidly.
"an impetuous but controlled flow of water"
synonyms:	torrential, powerful, forceful, vigorous, violent, raging, rampant, relentless, unrestrained, uncontrolled, unbridled; More
antonyms:	sluggish, weak
Origin

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pernicious
/pəˈnɪʃəs/
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adjective
adjective: pernicious
having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way.
"the pernicious influences of the mass media"
synonyms:	harmful, damaging, destructive, injurious, hurtful, detrimental, deleterious, dangerous, adverse, inimical, unhealthy, unfavourable, bad, evil, baleful, wicked, malign, malevolent, malignant, noxious, poisonous, cancerous, corrupting, ruinous, deadly, lethal, fatal; More
antonyms:	beneficial, benign, favourable
Origin

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ratchet
/ˈratʃɪt/
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noun
noun: ratchet; plural noun: ratchets
1.
a device consisting of a bar or wheel with a set of angled teeth in which a pawl, cog, or tooth engages, allowing motion in one direction only.
"a ratchet screwdriver"
a bar or wheel that forms part of a ratchet.
2.
a situation or process that is perceived to be changing in a series of irreversible steps.
"the upward ratchet of property taxes"
verb
verb: ratchet; 3rd person present: ratchets; past tense: ratcheted; past participle: ratcheted; gerund or present participle: ratcheting
1.
operate by means of a ratchet.
"a ratcheted quick release system"
2.
cause something to rise (or fall) as a step in what is perceived as an irreversible process.
"the Bank of Japan ratcheted up interest rates again"
Origin

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dregs
/drɛɡz/
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noun
the remnants of a liquid left in a container, together with any sediment.
"coffee dregs"
synonyms:	sediment, deposit, residue, remains, accumulation; More
the most worthless part or parts of something.
"the dregs of society"
synonyms:	scum, refuse; More

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snobbish
/ˈsnɒbɪʃ/
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adjective
adjective: snobbish
relating to, characteristic of, or like a snob.
"the writer takes a rather snobbish tone"
synonyms:	elitist, snobby, superior, supercilious, exclusive; More

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veneer
/vɪˈnɪə/
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noun
noun: veneer; plural noun: veneers; noun: veneer crown; plural noun: veneer crowns
1.
a thin decorative covering of fine wood applied to a coarser wood or other material.
"a fine-grained veneer"
a layer of wood used to make plywood.
synonyms:	surface, lamination, overlay, facing, covering, coat, finish, finishing coat, layer, decorative/protective layer, cladding, exterior; More
an attractive appearance that covers or disguises someone or something's true nature or feelings.
"her veneer of composure cracked a little"
synonyms:	facade, front, false front, show, outward display, appearance, false appearance, outward appearance, impression, image, semblance, posture, pose, guise, disguise, mask, masquerade, pretence, charade, illusion, gloss, camouflage, false colours, smokescreen, cover, cloak; archaicsnivel
"a rigid veneer of courtesy hid her mounting fury"
2.
DENTISTRY
a crown in which the restoration is placed over the prepared surface of a natural crown.
verb
verb: veneer; 3rd person present: veneers; past tense: veneered; past participle: veneered; gerund or present participle: veneering
1.
cover (something) with a decorative layer of fine wood.
"factories employed cabinetmakers to veneer looking glasses"
cover or disguise (someone or something's true nature) with an attractive appearance.
"he exuded an air of toughness, lightly veneered by the impeccably tailored suit"
Origin

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bohemian
/bəʊˈhiːmɪən/
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noun
noun: bohemian; plural noun: bohemians
1.
a socially unconventional person, especially one who is involved in the arts.
"Warhol and the artists and bohemians he worked with in the 1960s"
synonyms:	nonconformist, unconventional person, beatnik, hippy, avant-gardist, free spirit, dropout, artistic person; informalfreak
"he is a real artist and a real bohemian"
antonyms:	conformist, conservative
adjective
adjective: bohemian
1.
socially unconventional in an artistic way.
"as an opera singer you live a bohemian lifestyle"
synonyms:	unconventional, nonconformist, unorthodox, avant-garde, offbeat, off-centre, irregular, original, alternative, experimental, artistic, idiosyncratic, eccentric; More
antonyms:	conventional, conservative
Origin

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hood1
/hʊd/
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noun
noun: hood; plural noun: hoods
1.
a covering for the head and neck with an opening for the face, typically forming part of a coat or cloak.
"a jacket with a detachable hood"
synonyms:	head covering, cowl, snood, scarf, head scarf
a large hood-shaped piece of fabric, typically trimmed with fur or a similar material, worn over the shoulders of a university gown or a surplice to indicate the wearer's degree.
FALCONRY
a leather covering for a hawk's head.
2.
a thing resembling a hood in shape or use.
BRITISH
a folding waterproof cover of a car, pram, etc.
NORTH AMERICAN
the hinged metal canopy covering the engine of a motor vehicle; the bonnet.
a canopy to protect users of machinery or to remove fumes from it.
a structure or marking resembling a hood on the head or neck of an animal.
"the hood of a rearing cobra"
the upper part of the flower of a plant such as a dead-nettle.
verb
verb: hood; 3rd person present: hoods; past tense: hooded; past participle: hooded; gerund or present participle: hooding
1.
put a hood on or over.
"she was forced into a car, hooded, and taken to a cell"
Origin

Old English hōd, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch hoed, German Hut ‘hat’, also to hat.
hood2
/hʊd/
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nounINFORMAL•NORTH AMERICAN
noun: hood; plural noun: hoods
a gangster or similar violent criminal.
"I been beaten up by hoods"
Origin

1930s: abbreviation of hoodlum.
hood3
/hʊd/
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nounINFORMAL•US
noun: hood; plural noun: hoods; noun: 'hood; plural noun: 'hoods
a neighbourhood, especially one in an urban area.
"I've lived in the hood for 15 years"
Origin

1970s: shortening of neighbourhood.
-hood
/hʊd/
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suffix
suffix: -hood
1.
forming nouns denoting a condition or quality.
"falsehood"
2.
forming nouns denoting a collection or group.
"brotherhood"
Origin

Old English -hād, originally an independent noun meaning ‘person, condition, quality’.

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