Pari CR 12.5 Tablet Prescription: Required Manufacturer: Ipca Laboratories Ltd SALT COMPOSITION: Paroxetine (12.5mg) Storage: Store below 30°C CR: Controlled Release Paroxetine, sold under the brand names Paxil and Seroxat among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It is used to treat major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. It has also been used in the treatment of premature ejaculation and hot flashes due to menopause. It is taken by mouth. Common side effects include drowsiness, dry mouth, loss of appetite, sweating, trouble sleeping, and sexual dysfunction. Serious side effects may include suicidal thoughts in those under the age of 25, serotonin syndrome, and mania. While the rate of side effects appears similar compared to other SSRIs and SNRIs, antidepressant discontinuation syndromes may occur more often. Use in pregnancy is not recommended, while use during breastfeeding is relatively safe. It is believed to work by blocking the re-uptake of the chemical serotonin by neurons in the brain. Paroxetine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1992 and initially sold by GlaxoSmithKline. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is available as a generic medication. In 2019, it was the 78th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 9 million prescriptions. In 2018, it was in the top 10 of most prescribed antidepressants in the United States. In 2012, the United States Department of Justice fined GlaxoSmithKline $3 billion for withholding data, unlawfully promoting use in those under 18, and preparing an article that misleadingly reported the effects of paroxetine in adolescents with depression following its clinical trial study 329.IUPAC name
(3S,4R)-3-[(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl]-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperidineIntroduction
Pari CR 12.5 Tablet is a type of antidepressant belonging to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) group of medicines. It is widely prescribed to treat depression and anxiety-related conditions like obsessive-compulsive disorder, and panic disorder. Pari CR 12.5 Tablet helps many people to recover from depression by improving their mood and relieving anxiety and tension. It can be taken with or without food. The dose and how often you need it will be decided by your doctor so that you get the right amount to control your symptoms. Your doctor may start you on a lower dose and increase it gradually. Do not change the dose or stop taking it without talking to your doctor, even if you feel well. Doing so may make your condition worse or you may suffer from unpleasant withdrawal symptoms (anxiety, restlessness, palpitations, dizziness, sleep disturbances, etc). To get the most benefit, take this medicine regularly at the same time each day. Your doctor may advise you to take it in the morning if you have trouble sleeping. It may take a few weeks before you start feeling better. Let your doctor know if you do not see any improvement even after 4 weeks. Some common side effects of Pari CR 12.5 Tablet include nausea, fatigue, dry mouth, loss of appetite, increased sweating, dizziness, nervousness, tremors, insomnia (difficulty in sleeping), and constipation. Sexual side effects like decreased sexual drive, delayed ejaculation, and erectile dysfunction may also be seen. Let your doctor know straight away if you develop any sudden worsening of mood or any thoughts about harming yourself. Before taking this medicine, you should tell your doctor if you have epilepsy (seizure disorder or fits), diabetes, liver or kidney disease, heart problems, or glaucoma. These may affect your treatment. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also consult their doctor before taking it. Some other medicines may affect the way it works, especially other antidepressants and medicines called MAO inhibitors. Please tell your doctor about all the medicines you are taking to make sure you are safe.Uses of Pari Tablet CR
1. Treatment of Depression 2. Treatment of Panic disorder 3. Treatment of Anxiety disorderBenefits of Pari Tablet CR
In Treatment of Depression
Pari CR 12.5 Tablet works by increasing the level of a chemical called serotonin in the brain. This improves your mood, relieves anxiety, tension, and helps you sleep better. It has fewer side effects than older antidepressants. It usually takes 4-6 weeks for this medicine to work so you need to keep taking it even if you feel it is not working. Do not stop taking it, even if you feel better unless your doctor advises you to.In Treatment of Panic disorder
Pari CR 12.5 Tablet can help relieve symptoms of many panic disorders including panic attacks. It can help you feel calmer and improve your ability to deal with problems. Do not stop taking it, even when you feel better, unless your doctor advises you to.In Treatment of Anxiety disorder
Pari CR 12.5 Tablet helps relieve symptoms of many anxiety disorders including obsessive-compulsive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder by increasing the level of a chemical called serotonin in your brain. It has fewer side effects than older antidepressants and is normally taken once a day. It helps you feel calm with a better ability to deal with problems. Exercise and a healthy diet can also improve your mood. Keep taking the medicine until your doctor advises you to stop.Side effects of Pari Tablet CR
Most side effects do not require any medical attention and disappear as your body adjusts to the medicine. Consult your doctor if they persist or if you’re worried about them: Common side effects of Pari: 1. Nausea 2. Fatigue 3. Dryness in mouth 4. Loss of appetite 5. Increased sweating 6. Dizziness 7. Nervousness 8. Tremor 9. Low sexual desire 10. Insomnia (difficulty in sleeping) 11. Confusion 12. Constipation 13. Erectile dysfunction 14. Delayed ejaculation 15. Decreased libidoHow Pari CR works
Pari CR 12.5 Tablet is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant. It works by increasing the levels of serotonin, a chemical messenger in the brain. This improves mood and physical symptoms of depression and also relieves symptoms of panic disorder, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.Quick tips
1. It can take 2-3 weeks for Pari CR 12.5 Tablet to start working. 2. Do not stop treatment suddenly as this may cause upset stomach, flu-like withdrawal symptoms and sleep disturbance. 3. If your doctor asks you to stop Pari CR 12.5 Tablet, you should reduce the dose slowly over 4 weeks. 4. Avoid consuming alcohol when taking Pari CR 12.5 Tablet, as it may cause excessive drowsiness and calmness. 5. The addiction/dependence potential of Pari CR 12.5 Tablet is very less.Interaction with drugs
Taking Pari with any of the following medicines can modify the effect of either of them and cause some undesirable side effects Linezolid Brand(s): Lizolan, Lidoford, Zenlid LIFE-THREATENING Moclobemide Brand(s): Trima, Rimarex, Morex LIFE-THREATENING Rasagiline Brand(s): Rasalect, Relgin, Rasipar LIFE-THREATENING Reboxetine Brand(s): Rebotin LIFE-THREATENINGFact Box
Chemical Class: Phenylpiperidine Derivative Habit Forming: No Therapeutic Class: NEURO CNS Action Class: Selective Seretonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Thursday, December 30, 2021
Pari CR 12.5 Tablet
Wednesday, December 29, 2021
Big Data Analytics & Business (By Yaju Gupta)
Contents
1. Business & Business Intelligence 2. Intelligent Decision Making 3. Factors affecting BI capability 4. Data Analytics 5. Importance of Data Analytics 6. Big Data 7. Advantages of Big Data Analytics 8. Challenges in BDA 9. Big Data Analytics Model 10. BDA Implementation 11. Real world BI ExamplesBusiness
Dealing in any activity to earn profit. For example: Selling or Buying of goods and services (products)Business Intelligence
A set of theories, methodologies, architectures and technologies that transform raw data into meaningful and useful information for business purposes. BI helps in identifying, develop & create new business strategies and effective decision making through historical, operational and predictive views of business operations.Intelligent Decision Making
Real time / On time availability of High Quality Information for decision making process regarding a scenario, situation or problem under considerationFactors affecting BI capability
Amount, Type, Efficiency and Output format of the analyzed data to be used by decision makers.Data Analytics
The process of reviewing existing data with multiple angles / dimensions with the intention of finding new additional information based on retrieved co-relations / hidden patternsImportance of Data Analytics
Organizations uses data for the optimized utilization of all available resources in order to achieve predefined goals ( Decision making ) Nowadays, organizations are more reliant on data to drive business decision to foster innovation & development As per IBM, a very large amount of data being created on daily basis: (In Terra / Zetta Bytes)Big Data
Very large in size ( In TB / ZB ), Structured to Unstructured, and Generates very fastly on continuous basis from multiple locations. ( Dimensions : Volume, Variety & Velocity ) For example : Sensor data (Climate data), CCTV Data, Log Files, Posts on S-N sites, Online Shopping sites data, Call Records, Airlines Data, Hospitality Data, Wikipedia Text and ImagesAdvantages of Big Data Analytics
1. Higher Customer Satisfaction 2. Improved Business Processes 3. Increased Revenue 4. Reducing Operating Cost and Time 5. Gaining Competitive Advantages of Business 6. Customized Products ( On Individual customer basis )Challenges in BDA
Capturing, Storing, Searching, Classification , Clustering, Analyzing and Visualization of data Requirement of running S/w applications on number of nodes in parallel to process a very huge amount of dataBig Data Analytics Model: Map Reduce Programming Model
A distributed programming model that support parallel processing of data on number of nodes Components of Map Reduce : 1. Input Reader 2. Output Writer 3. Map and Reduce Function 4. Partitioning Function 5. Comparison FunctionBDA Implementation
Apache Hadoop Framework ( 100 % Open Source ): An Implementation of Map Reduce Programming Model # A Java based framework to process data in parallel on a distributed computing environment ( Cloud Computing ) # Provides new way of storing and analyzing a huge amount of data ( In TB / ZB ) # Cost Effective solutionHadoop Components
# Map Reduce Framework # Hive ( Data Analytics & SQL Development ) # Cluster ( Data Loading : Sqoop and Flume ) # Zookeeper ( Hadoop Services Management ) # Ozzie ( Nodes Management ) # HBase ( NoSql - Database ) # Distributed File System (HDFS)Power Of Hadoop
# Distributed File System # Fast data transfer rate in between various nodes # Easier and Quick Recovery from any failure with minimal interruption of servicesDesign Consideration
# Emerging M2M Communication based market # Locations, Devices and Network associated with data # Processing of Complex and Unstructured data # Gaining Competitive Advantages of BusinessReal world BI Examples
Business Intelligence has infinite potential uses in organization. BI solutions are used by almost all kind of organizations or companies to drive business decisions. For example :Telecom Domain
To decide either to invest their resources into securing new customers or engage existing ones and turn them into repeat buyers ( Customer behaviors analysis )Retail Domain
To create better shopping experience for customers and making business profitable ( By putting trends together to stock popular items before they became in high demand and afterward inventory will not stuck with excess )Market Research
To engage relevant customers, illuminate customer trends and uncover their needs & personal preferences ( Historical data analysis )Hospital Quality and Efficiency of Care
To achieve the goal of having every patient seen by a doctor within 45 minutes of arrival or to improve efficiency of care ( Patients Arrival, Doctors Availability, Turnaround & Bed availability metrics analysis )Sales Forecasting
Historical, Operational and Predictive analysis using Sales dataCredits
Yajuvendra Gupta
Tuesday, December 28, 2021
Augmentin 625 Duo Tablet (Amoxycillin (500mg) + Clavulanic Acid (125mg))
Augmentin 625 Duo Tablet Prescription: Required MANUFACTURER: Glaxo SmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd SALT COMPOSITION: Amoxycillin (500mg) + Clavulanic Acid (125mg) STORAGE: Store below 30°CINTRODUCTION
Augmentin 625 Duo Tablet is a penicillin-type of antibiotic that helps your body fight infections caused by bacteria. It is used to treat infections of the lungs (e.g., pneumonia), ear, nasal sinus, urinary tract, skin, and soft tissue. It will not work for viral infections such as the common cold. Augmentin 625 Duo Tablet is best taken with a meal to reduce the chance of a stomach upset. You should take it regularly at evenly spaced intervals as per the schedule prescribed by your doctor. Taking it at the same time every day will help you to remember to take it. The dose will depend on what you are being treated for, but you should always complete a full course of this antibiotic as prescribed by your doctor. Do not stop taking it until you have finished, even when you feel better. If you stop taking it early, some bacteria may survive and the infection may come back or worsen. The most common side effects of this medicine include vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea. These are usually mild but let your doctor know if they bother you or will not go away. Before taking it, let your doctor know if you are allergic to any antibiotics or have any kidney or liver problems. You should also let your healthcare team know about all other medicines you are taking as they may affect, or be affected by, this medicine. This medicine is generally regarded as safe to use during pregnancy and breastfeeding if prescribed by a doctor.BENEFITS OF AUGMENTIN TABLET
In Treatment of Bacterial infections Augmentin 625 Duo Tablet contains two different medicines, Amoxycillin and Clavulanic Acid, that work together to kill the bacteria that cause infections. Amoxycillin works by stopping the growth of bacteria. Clavulanic Acid reduces resistance and enhances the activity of Amoxycillin against bacteria. This combination medicine can be used to treat many different bacterial infections such as ear, sinus, throat, lung, urinary tract, skin, teeth, joints, and bones. It usually makes you feel better within a few days, but you should continue taking it as prescribed even when you feel better to make sure that all bacteria are killed and do not become resistant.SIDE EFFECTS OF AUGMENTIN TABLET
Most side effects do not require any medical attention and disappear as your body adjusts to the medicine. Consult your doctor if they persist or if you’re worried about them Common side effects of Augmentin: Vomiting Nausea DiarrheaQuick tips
1. You have been prescribed this combination medicine to treat bacterial infections even if they have developed resistance. 2. Finish the prescribed course, even if you start to feel better. Stopping it early may make the infection come back and harder to treat. 3. Diarrhea may occur as a side effect. Taking probiotics along with Augmentin 625 Duo Tablet may help. Talk to your doctor if you notice bloody stools or develop abdominal cramps. 4. Take it with food and plenty of fluids to avoid an upset stomach. 5. Stop taking Augmentin 625 Duo Tablet and inform your doctor immediately if you develop an itchy rash, swelling of the face, throat or tongue or breathing difficulties while taking it. 6. Do not use leftover medicine for treating any infection in the future. Always consult your doctor before taking any antibiotic.Fact Box
Habit Forming: No Therapeutic Class: ANTI INFECTIVES
Friday, December 24, 2021
2011-May-20
Index of Journals
May 20, 2011 The other day Ankur had asked me for the notebook and I couldn’t concentrate in my studies thereafter at any moment. It was so silly but true, I think I had CG practical the next day. I had to go to college to get the admit card and to return a book in library. There had been no water in taps due to some construction work in pipelines in this area somewhere. I am being friends with the friends of Vibha and it is like she my link to the CS1E. I am in love with this chic right now. I walked Srishti Jain a little distance outside college; it was the first time that I talked to her. I was studying SE whole day long trying to complete it, but it is not possible for a slack like me. Oh god, time of pen drive is almost over. I am worried, and I worry also a lot about downloading movies in this crucial time. Rashmi admitted to University of California, San Diego. That’s awesome! Ankur was chatting with her in the morning and I just learnt it from their conversation. God bless me Ashish
2011-May-19
Index of Journals
May 19, 2011 I had to finish revising SE but I spent too much time in watching porn I guess, life sucks when time is crucial. I was watching playboy website when that guy, a frequent visitor here, a client badi buaji was there at the door, I am glad I wasn’t seeing anything naked at that moment just a blonde girl’s face on the screen. I just missed; later I was watching photos of girls on Facebook and fufaji entered the room, huh, I had to close it again. Vibha writes stupid quotes and I thought if I should talk to her but then she wouldn’t reply; this girl is crazy. Badi buaji took Shruti to court in the morning and I had whole day alone at home but I didn’t make any great use of it, I am still doing the ninth question of the unit of 25 questions I started from the SE assignment of 100 questions. God, help me. Kanika Sahni removed me from her friends list, that’s sick. I had a rotten tongue while talking to her the first and the last time. God bless me Ashish
2011-May-18
Index of Journals
May 18, 2011 I had CG today. I came unprepared for this. It was that bad though. I was nervous all the time because of low confidence, that’s what happens when you don’t study. Sir gave six easiest experiments to do on the choice of the students, I had done Bresenham’s line algorithm but sir gave DDA algorithm. It is amazing that I knew nothing of CG on the day of external practical exam. As a matter of fact, Anshul sir had asked the applications of CG and I couldn’t put my innumerable thoughts into words. I made stupid face to make him pass the question onto Irfan. Vibha was again a great help, she told me the algorithm and I just put that into coding, because anyway it wasn’t going to be seen. I was hopeless without her help. I learned a few basic things about CG while trying my hand out on the computer during the practical exam. I got 12, Irfan got 13, Faizan got 12, Nitish got 16, Vibha got 15 and Shukla also got something close to 12. That means viva wasn’t that bad. I came home with a lot of hope of starting for exams early but then I ended up watching Halloween (9), great movie about Michael Myers. There were a lot nude scenes, it was a great entertainment, a must watch. I was sitting in Ankur’s room and he would not let me turn on the fan, according to him if fan rotates the room would not cool, like it was ever going to cool by an obsolete water cooler. Badi buaji interrupted from my side, and Shruti joined in from Ankur’s side to tell me that I should be sitting in other room and install cooler there, was that a joke! Ankur later said sorry by SMS while we were in the same room and there are no issues now. I was really angry otherwise, and guess what Shruti had later come to me to tell me that I should switch on fan quietly when Ankur is asleep after ten. God bless me Ashish
2011-May-17
Index of Journals
May 17, 2011 The day had been really crazy, I didn’t study enough and it is fucking exam time. Tell me this is not true, I will study, I am studying. I was sleeping all day, almost whole day. I didn’t cover enough of the topics, I didn’t cover any. This is crazy. I went down in the evening to synch randomly downloaded subtitles from the internet with the slasher movie ‘Halloween (9)’ I downloaded. In the morning, buaji rebuked me for not filling water bottles she had wished I would fill. What I have come here for, and who drinks from the bottles? God bless me Ashish
Thursday, December 23, 2021
Word Meanings (2021-Dec-23)
Index of Word Meanings
1.
cuddle
/ˈkʌd(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: cuddle; 3rd person present: cuddles; past tense: cuddled; past participle: cuddled; gerund or present participle: cuddling
hold close in one's arms as a way of showing love or affection.
"he cuddles the baby close"
h
Similar:
hug
embrace
clasp
hold tight
hold in one's arms
fold in one's arms
caress
pet
fondle
canoodle
smooch
spoon
bill and coo
snuggle
nestle
curl
nuzzle
lie close
burrow against
huddle against
snug down
lie or sit close.
"Rebecca cuddled up to Mum"
informal
ingratiate oneself with.
"they need to stop cuddling up to big business and instead put people first"
noun
noun: cuddle; plural noun: cuddles
a prolonged and affectionate hug.
"he just wanted a comforting kiss and a cuddle"
h
Similar:
hug
embrace
bear hug
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2.
puddle
/ˈpʌd(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
See definitions in:
all
civil engineering
rowing
mining
metallurgy
noun
noun: puddle; plural noun: puddles
1.
a small pool of liquid, especially of rainwater on the ground.
"splashing through deep puddles"
h
Similar:
pool
spill
splash
plash
2.
clay and sand mixed with water and used as a watertight covering for embankments.
3.
Rowing
a circular patch of disturbed water made by the blade of an oar at each stroke.
verb
verb: puddle; 3rd person present: puddles; past tense: puddled; past participle: puddled; gerund or present participle: puddling
1.
wet or cover (a surface) with water, especially rainwater.
"the cobbles under our feet were wet and puddled"
(of liquid) form a small pool.
"rivulets of water coursed down the panes, puddling on the sill"
archaic
dabble or wallow in mud or shallow water.
"children are playing and puddling about in the dirt"
2.
line (a hole) with puddle.
"he dug and puddled a large pond"
knead (clay and sand) into puddle.
work (mixed water and clay) to separate gold or opal.
historical
stir (molten iron) with iron oxide in a furnace, to produce wrought iron by oxidizing carbon.
noun: puddling
"my father helped puddle the iron that has braced this city's rising towers"
Phrases
puddle around — occupy oneself in a disorganized or unproductive way.
"the internet is just the latest excuse for puddling around at work"
Origin
Middle English: diminutive of Old English pudd ‘ditch, furrow’; compare with German dialect Pfudel ‘pool’.
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3.
leath means
English: topographic name for someone who lived by or worked at a barn, Middle English lathe, from Old Norse hlaða.
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4.
dizzying
/ˈdɪzɪˌɪŋ/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: dizzying
causing someone to feel unsteady, confused, or amazed.
"the dizzying rate of change"
dizzy
/ˈdɪzi/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: dizzying
make (someone) feel unsteady, confused, or amazed.
"her nearness dizzied him"
Origin
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5:
tacky1
/ˈtaki/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
comparative adjective: tackier
(of glue, paint, or other substances) not fully dry and retaining a slightly sticky feel.
"the paint was still tacky"
h
Similar:
sticky
wet
gluey
gummy
glutinous
adhesive
viscous
viscid
treacly
syrupy
runny
clinging
sticking
gooey
tacky2
/ˈtaki/
Learn to pronounce
adjectiveinformal
comparative adjective: tackier
showing poor taste and quality.
"even in her faintly tacky costumes, she won our hearts"
h
Similar:
tawdry
tasteless
kitsch
vulgar
crude
garish
gaudy
showy
loud
trashy
cheap
cheap and nasty
nasty
common
second-rate
Brummagem
flash
flashy
tatty
naff
h
Opposite:
tasteful
refined
Origin
early 19th century: of unknown origin. Early use was as a noun denoting a horse of little value, later applied to a poor white in some Southern states of the US, hence ‘shabby, cheap, in bad taste’ (mid 19th century).
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6:
dread
/drɛd/
Learn to pronounce
Filter definitions by topic
See definitions in:
all
zoology
religion · informal
hairdressing · informal
verb
3rd person present: dreads
1.
anticipate with great apprehension or fear.
"Jane was dreading the party"
h
Similar:
fear
be afraid of
worry about
be anxious about
have forebodings about
feel apprehensive about
be terrified by
cower at
tremble/shudder at
cringe from
shrink from
quail from
flinch from
have cold feet about
be in a blue funk about
h
Opposite:
look forward to
2.
archaic
regard with great awe or reverence.
"the man whom Henry dreaded as the future champion of English freedom"
noun
plural noun: dreads
1.
great fear or apprehension.
"the thought of returning to London filled her with dread"
h
Similar:
fear
fearfulness
apprehension
trepidation
anxiety
worry
concern
foreboding
disquiet
disquietude
unease
uneasiness
angst
fright
panic
alarm
terror
horror
trembling
shuddering
flinching
the jitters
a blue funk
the heebie-jeebies
h
Opposite:
confidence
2.
a sudden take-off and flight of a flock of gulls or other birds.
"flocks of wood sandpiper, often excitable, noisy, and given to dreads"
3.
informal
a person with dreadlocks.
"the band appeals to dreads and baldheads alike"
dreadlocks.
"Lyon combed his fingers through Curtis' dreads"
Origin
---
7:
appalling
/əˈpɔːlɪŋ/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: appalling
causing shock or dismay; horrific.
"the cat suffered appalling injuries during the attack"
h
Similar:
shocking
horrific
horrifying
horrible
terrible
awful
dreadful
ghastly
hideous
horrendous
frightful
atrocious
abominable
abhorrent
outrageous
hateful
loathsome
odious
gruesome
grisly
monstrous
nightmarish
heinous
harrowing
dire
vile
shameful
unspeakable
unforgivable
unpardonable
abject
disgusting
revolting
repellent
repulsive
repugnant
sickening
nauseating
egregious
very bad; awful.
"his conduct was appalling"
h
Similar:
dreadful
very bad
awful
terrible
frightful
atrocious
disgraceful
deplorable
shameful
hopeless
lamentable
laughable
substandard
poor
inadequate
inferior
unsatisfactory
rotten
woeful
crummy
pathetic
pitiful
useless
lousy
godawful
shocking
abysmal
dire
the pits
duff
chronic
pants
poxy
hellacious
h
Opposite:
admirable
excellent
appal
/əˈpɔːl/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: appalling
greatly dismay or horrify.
"bankers are appalled at the economic incompetence of some ministers"
h
Similar:
horrify
shock
dismay
distress greatly
outrage
scandalize
alarm
make someone's blood run cold
disgust
repel
revolt
sicken
nauseate
offend
Origin
---
8:
obliterate
/əˈblɪtəreɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
past tense: obliterated; past participle: obliterated
destroy utterly; wipe out.
"the memory was so painful that he obliterated it from his mind"
h
Similar:
destroy
wipe out
annihilate
exterminate
extirpate
demolish
eliminate
eradicate
kill
decimate
liquidate
wipe off the face of the earth
wipe off the map
zap
h
Opposite:
create
establish
make invisible or indistinct; conceal or cover.
"clouds were darkening, obliterating the sun"
cancel (something, especially a postage stamp) to prevent further use.
"the special stamp should be placed on the left-hand side and not be used to obliterate the postage stamp"
h
Similar:
erase
eradicate
expunge
efface
blot out
rub out
wipe out
remove all traces of
blank out
block out
delete
strike out
cancel
cross out
ink out
score out
Origin
---
9:
quell
/kwɛl/
Learn to pronounce
verb
verb: quell; 3rd person present: quells; past tense: quelled; past participle: quelled; gerund or present participle: quelling
put an end to (a rebellion or other disorder), typically by the use of force.
"extra police were called to quell the disturbance"
h
Similar:
put an end to
stamp out
put a stop to
end
finish
get rid of
crush
put down
check
crack down on
curb
nip in the bud
thwart
frustrate
squash
quash
subdue
suppress
repress
quench
extinguish
stifle
abolish
terminate
beat
overcome
defeat
rout
destroy
demolish
annihilate
wipe out
extirpate
squelch
put the kibosh on
clobber
h
Opposite:
bring about
prompt
subdue or silence (someone).
"Connor quelled him with a look"
suppress (a feeling).
"she quelled an urge to race up the stairs"
h
Similar:
calm
soothe
pacify
settle
put at rest
lull
silence
put behind one
rise above
allay
appease
stay
assuage
abate
deaden
dull
tranquillize
mitigate
moderate
palliate
quieten
quiet
h
Opposite:
succumb to
Origin
---
10:
tedious
/ˈtiːdɪəs/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: tedious
too long, slow, or dull; tiresome or monotonous.
"a tedious journey"
h
Similar:
boring
monotonous
dull
deadly dull
uninteresting
unexciting
unvaried
unvarying
lacking variety
mind-numbing
mindless
soul-destroying
soulless
humdrum
dreary
ho-hum
mundane
wearisome
wearying
tiresome
soporific
dry
as dry as dust
arid
lifeless
colourless
monochrome
uninspired
uninspiring
flat
plodding
slow
banal
vapid
insipid
bland
lacklustre
prosaic
run-of-the-mill
pedestrian
jejune
leaden
heavy
long-drawn-out
overlong
long-winded
prolix
laborious
ponderous
endless
interminable
mechanical
routine
dreich
deadly
draggy
samey
dullsville
h
Opposite:
exciting
interesting
Origin
---
11.
torment
noun
plural noun: torments
/ˈtɔːmɛnt/
severe physical or mental suffering.
"their deaths have left both families in torment"
h
Similar:
agony
suffering
torture
pain
anguish
misery
distress
affliction
trauma
wretchedness
woe
hell
purgatory
excruciation
h
Opposite:
pleasure
joy
a cause of severe suffering.
"the journey must have been a torment for them"
h
Similar:
ordeal
affliction
scourge
curse
plague
bane
thorn in someone's side/flesh
cross to bear
calamity
sorrow
tribulation
vexation
persecution
trouble
pest
irritation
irritant
annoyance
worry
nuisance
misfortune
bother
discomfort
soreness
harassment
pain in the neck
verb
3rd person present: torments
/tɔːˈmɛnt/
cause to experience severe mental or physical suffering.
"he was tormented by jealousy"
h
Similar:
torture
afflict
harrow
plague
distress
agonize
cause agony to
cause suffering to
cause pain to
inflict anguish on
excruciate
crucify
rack
pain
mortify
worry
trouble
abuse
maltreat
mistreat
molest
annoy or provoke in an unkind way.
"every day I have kids tormenting me because they know I live alone"
h
Similar:
tease
taunt
victimize
bully
bait
chaff
harass
rib
scorn
irritate
vex
annoy
pester
badger
harry
hector
plague
be a nuisance to
bother
trouble
bedevil
be a pest to
nag
persecute
worry
nettle
chivvy
irk
needle
rag
hassle
aggravate
h
Opposite:
encourage
support
Origin
---
12.
denigrate
/ˈdɛnɪɡreɪt/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: denigrating
criticize unfairly; disparage.
"doom and gloom merchants who denigrate their own country"
h
Similar:
disparage
belittle
diminish
deprecate
cast aspersions on
decry
criticize unfairly
attack
speak ill of
speak badly of
blacken the character of
blacken the name of
give someone a bad name
sully the reputation of
spread lies about
defame
slander
libel
calumniate
besmirch
run down
abuse
insult
slight
revile
malign
vilify
slur
bad-mouth
do a hatchet job on
pull to pieces
pull apart
sling mud at
throw mud at
drag through the mud
rubbish
slag off
have a go at
slate
asperse
derogate
vilipend
vituperate
h
Opposite:
extol
Origin
---
13.
weave1
/wiːv/
Learn to pronounce
See definitions in:
all
textiles
hairdressing
air force
veterinary
riding
verb
3rd person present: weaves
1.
form (fabric or a fabric item) by interlacing long threads passing in one direction with others at a right angle to them.
"textiles woven from linen or wool"
h
Similar:
entwine
lace
work
twist
knit
interlace
intertwine
interwork
intertwist
interknit
twist together
criss-cross
braid
twine
plait
interlace (threads) so as to form fabric.
"some thick mohairs can be difficult to weave"
2.
make (a complex story or pattern) from a number of interconnected elements.
"he weaves colourful, cinematic plots"
h
Similar:
invent
make up
fabricate
put together
construct
create
contrive
spin
tell
recount
relate
narrate
unfold
include an element in (a story or pattern).
"interpretative comments are woven into the narrative"
noun
plural noun: weaves
1.
a particular style or manner in which something is woven.
"cloth of a very fine weave"
2.
a hairstyle created by weaving pieces of real or artificial hair into a person's existing hair, typically in order to increase its length or thickness.
"trailers show him with dyed blond hair and, in one scene, a flowing blond weave"
Origin
---
14.
withering
/ˈwɪðərɪŋ/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: withering
1.
intended to make someone feel humiliated; scornful.
"a withering look"
h
Similar:
scornful
contemptuous
full of contempt
mocking
sneering
scathing
stinging
searing
blistering
biting
devastating
supercilious
disdainful
superior
dismissive
humiliating
mortifying
h
Opposite:
encouraging
admiring
2.
(of heat) intense; scorching.
"protective cover to escape withering heat"
wither
/ˈwɪðə/
Learn to pronounce
verb
gerund or present participle: withering
1.
(of a plant) become dry and shrivelled.
"the grass had withered to an unappealing brown"
h
Similar:
wilt
become limp
droop
fade
shrivel (up)
dry up
die
perish
become marcescent
h
Opposite:
thrive
flourish
(of a part of the body) become shrunken or wrinkled from age or disease.
"the flesh had withered away"
h
Similar:
waste (away)
become shrunken
shrivel (up)
atrophy
decay
h
Opposite:
strengthen
2.
fall into decay or decline.
"it is not true that old myths either die or wither away"
h
Similar:
diminish
dwindle
shrink
lessen
fade
ebb (away)
wane
weaken
languish
evaporate
melt away
disappear
h
Opposite:
grow
cause to decline or deteriorate; weaken.
"a business that can wither the hardiest ego"
(of the state in Marxist theory) cease to exist because no longer necessary after the dictatorship of the proletariat has implemented the necessary changes in society.
"the state in socialist societies has failed to wither away"
3.
humiliate (someone) with a scornful look or manner.
"she withered him with a glance"
Origin
---
15.
unbeknown
/ʌnbɪˈnəʊn/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: unbeknownst
without the knowledge of (someone).
"unbeknown to me, she made some enquiries"
Origin
---
16.
credo
/ˈkriːdəʊ,ˈkreɪdəʊ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: credo; plural noun: credos
a statement of the beliefs or aims which guide someone's actions.
"he announced his credo in his first editorial"
a creed of the Christian Church in Latin.
noun: Credo; plural noun: Credos
a musical setting of the Nicene Creed, typically as part of a mass.
noun: Credo
"the Credo of Bach's B minor Mass"
Origin
---
17.
dismal
/ˈdɪzm(ə)l/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: dismal
causing a mood of gloom or depression.
"the dismal weather made the late afternoon seem like evening"
h
Similar:
dingy
dim
dark
gloomy
sombre
dreary
drab
dull
desolate
bleak
cheerless
comfortless
depressing
grim
funereal
inhospitable
uninviting
unwelcoming
h
Opposite:
bright
cheerful
(of a person or their mood) gloomy.
"his dismal mood was not dispelled by finding the house empty"
h
Similar:
gloomy
glum
mournful
melancholy
morose
doleful
woeful
woebegone
forlorn
abject
dejected
depressed
dispirited
downcast
crestfallen
despondent
disconsolate
miserable
sad
unhappy
sorrowful
sorrowing
desolate
wretched
lugubrious
blue
fed up
down in the dumps
down in the mouth
as sick as a parrot
dolorous
chap-fallen
h
Opposite:
cheerful
informal
pitifully or disgracefully bad.
"he shuddered as he watched his team's dismal performance"
h
Similar:
bad
poor
dreadful
awful
terrible
pitiful
disgraceful
lamentable
deplorable
inferior
mediocre
unsatisfactory
inadequate
second-rate
third-rate
shoddy
inept
bungling
crummy
dire
diabolical
bum
rotten
pathetic
lousy
duff
rubbish
ropy
chronic
pants
a load of pants
poxy
direful
egregious
vulgar slang
crap
crappy
shitty
chickenshit
h
Opposite:
excellent
Phrases
the dismals
low spirits. "a fit of the dismals"
the dismal science
economics.
Origin
late Middle English: from earlier dismal (noun), denoting the two days in each month which in medieval times were believed to be unlucky, from Anglo-Norman French dis mal, from medieval Latin dies mali ‘evil days’.
---
18.
travesty
/ˈtravɪsti/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: travesty; plural noun: travesties
a false, absurd, or distorted representation of something.
"the absurdly lenient sentence is a travesty of justice"
"It is not news, it is travesty."
Similar:
misrepresentation
distortion
perversion
corruption
poor imitation
poor substitute
mockery
parody
caricature
farce
charade
pantomime
sham
apology for
excuse for
verb
verb: travesty; 3rd person present: travesties; past tense: travestied; past participle: travestied; gerund or present participle: travestying
represent in a false, absurd, or distorted way.
"Michael has betrayed the family by travestying them in his plays"
h
Similar:
misrepresent
parody
caricature
burlesque
mock
make a mockery of
ridicule
make fun of
distort
pervert
Origin
---
19.
trove
/trəʊv/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: trove; plural noun: troves
a store of valuable or delightful things.
"the cellar contained a trove of rare wines"
Origin
---
20.
disarray
/dɪsəˈreɪ/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: disarray; plural noun: disarrays
a state of disorganization or untidiness.
"her grey hair was in disarray"
h
Similar:
disorder
confusion
chaos
untidiness
dishevelment
mess
muddle
clutter
jumble
mix-up
tangle
hotchpotch
shambles
omnishambles
disorganization
lack of order
discomposure
disunity
indiscipline
unruliness
h
Opposite:
tidiness
orderliness
verb
verb: disarray; 3rd person present: disarrays; past tense: disarrayed; past participle: disarrayed; gerund or present participle: disarraying
1.
throw into a state of disorganization or untidiness.
"the inspection disarrayed the usual schedule"
h
Similar:
disarrange
make untidy
bring/throw into disarray
bring/throw into disorder
disorganize
turn upside-down
unsettle
dishevel
tousle
rumple
h
Opposite:
tidy
organize
2.
literary
undress (someone).
"attendant damsels to help to disarray her"
Origin
---
21.
bigot
/ˈbɪɡət/
Learn to pronounce
noun
noun: bigot; plural noun: bigots
a person who is obstinately or unreasonably attached to a belief, opinion, or faction, especially one who is prejudiced against or antagonistic towards a person or people on the basis of their membership of a particular group.
"don't let a few small-minded bigots destroy the good image of the city"
h
Similar:
dogmatist
partisan
sectarian
prejudiced person
racist
racialist
sexist
homophobe
chauvinist
jingoist
anti-Semite
male chauvinist pig
MCP
Origin
---
22.
middling
/ˈmɪd(ə)lɪŋ/
Learn to pronounce
See definitions in:
all
commerce
sports
adjective
adjective: middling
moderate or average in size, amount, or rank.
"people on middling incomes"
h
Similar:
average
standard
normal
middle-of-the-road
in-between
medium
moderate
ordinary
common
commonplace
everyday
workaday
tolerable
passable
adequate
run-of-the-mill
fair
indifferent
mediocre
pedestrian
prosaic
uninspired
undistinguished
unexceptional
unexciting
unremarkable
lacklustre
forgettable
inferior
second-rate
amateur
amateurish
OK
so-so
bog-standard
fair-to-middling
(plain) vanilla
nothing to write home about
no great shakes
not so hot
not up to much
half-pie
neither very good nor very bad.
"he had had a good to middling season"
informal
(of a person) in reasonably good but not perfect health.
"‘How are you?’ - ‘Middling,’ he admitted"
noun
plural noun: middlings; noun: middling
bulk goods of medium grade, especially flour of medium fineness.
adverbdated•informal
adverb: middling
fairly or moderately.
"middling rich"
Origin
---
23.
wretched
/ˈrɛtʃɪd/
Learn to pronounce
adjective
adjective: wretched; comparative adjective: wretcheder; superlative adjective: wretchedest
(of a person) in a very unhappy or unfortunate state.
"I felt so wretched because I thought I might never see you again"
h
Similar:
miserable
unhappy
sad
broken-hearted
heartbroken
grief-stricken
grieving
sorrowful
sorrowing
mourning
anguished
distressed
desolate
devastated
despairing
inconsolable
disconsolate
downcast
down
downhearted
dejected
crestfallen
cheerless
depressed
melancholy
morose
gloomy
glum
mournful
doleful
dismal
forlorn
woeful
woebegone
abject
low-spirited
long-faced
blue
down in the mouth
down in the dumps
choked
cut up
gutted
dolorous
chap-fallen
unfortunate
unlucky
luckless
down on one's luck
ill-starred
star-crossed
damned
blighted
hapless
poor
pitiable
downtrodden
oppressed
powerless
helpless
h
Opposite:
cheerful
fortunate
of poor quality; very bad.
"the wretched conditions of the slums"
h
Similar:
harsh
hard
grim
stark
difficult
poor
poverty-stricken
run down
down at heel
impoverished
pitiful
piteous
pathetic
tragic
miserable
bleak
cheerless
hopeless
sorry
sordid
shabby
seedy
dilapidated
shoddy
godforsaken
scummy
crummy
grotty
terrible
awful
dire
dreadful
atrocious
unspeakable
dismal
bad
lamentable
deplorable
unsatisfactory
substandard
low-quality
inferior
yucky
godawful
beastly
pants
a load of pants
h
Opposite:
comfortable
luxurious
excellent
used to express anger or annoyance.
"she disliked the wretched man intensely"
h
Similar:
despicable
contemptible
beyond contempt
reprehensible
base
low
vile
mean
scurvy
abominable
loathsome
hateful
detestable
odious
disreputable
depraved
debased
infamous
villainous
ignoble
shameful
shabby
worthless
dirty
filthy
dirty rotten
rotten
low-down
no-good
lousy
beastly
damn
damned
blasted
blessed
flaming
precious
confounded
flipping
blinking
blooming
blimming
bloody
bleeding
effing
naffing
chuffing
goddam
plurry
bally
ruddy
deuced
vulgar slang
fucking
frigging
sodding
fecking
h
Opposite:
worthy
admirable
Origin
Idioms, Phrases, Quotes (2021-Dec-23)
Index of Word Meanings
1:
Tu Mu says: "Rewards are necessary in order to make the soldiers see the advantage of beating the enemy; thus, when you capture spoils from the enemy, they must be used as rewards, so that all your men may have a keen desire to fight, each on his own account."
2:
Ho Shih remarks: "War is not a thing to be trifled with."
3:
Maybe I should at least wait, to help you, until it's clear that you want to be helped. Carl Rogers, the famous humanistic psychologist, believed it was impossible to start a therapeutic relationship if the person seeking help did not want to improve. Rogers believed it was impossible to convince someone to change for the better. The desire to improve was, instead, the precondition for progress. I've had court-mandated psychotherapy clients. They did not want my help. They were forced to seek it. It did not work. It was a travesty.
4:
There will always be people better than you - that's a cliché of nihilism, like the phrase, "In a million years, who's going to know the difference?"
The proper response to that statement is not, Well, then, everything is meaningless. It is, and "Any idiot can choose a frame of time within which nothing matters."
5:
Consult your resentment. It's a revelatory emotion, for all its pathology. It's part of an evil triad: arrogance, deceit, and resentment. Nothing causes more harm than this underworld Trinity. But resentment always means one of two things. Either the resentful person is immature, in which case he or she should shut up, quit whining, and get on with it, or there is tyranny afoot - in which case the person subjugated has a moral obligation to speak up.
6:
Definition of 'to see the light of day'
If something sees the light of day at a particular time, it comes into existence or is made known to the public at that time.
This extraordinary document first saw the light of day in 1966.
7:
femme fatale
/ˌfam fəˈtɑːl/
noun
noun: femme fatale; plural noun: femmes fatales
an attractive and seductive woman, especially one who is likely to cause distress or disaster to a man who becomes involved with her.
"a femme fatale who plays one man off against another in pursuit of money"
h
Similar:
seductress
temptress
siren
enchantress
sorceress
charmer
Wednesday, December 22, 2021
Getting Started With React Native
Step 1: Install Node.JS
URL: NodeJS DownloadStep 2: Install Expo CLI
npm install --global expo-cli Ref: https://expo.dev/toolsStep 3: Install Expo Client on Your Phone
Ref: https://expo.dev/clientStep 4: Initialize a blank Expo project
(base) E:\Workspace\react_native>expo init msg_tracker √ Choose a template: » blank a minimal app as clean as an empty canvas √ Downloaded and extracted project files. 📦 Using npm to install packages. √ Installed JavaScript dependencies. ✅ Your project is ready! To run your project, navigate to the directory and run one of the following npm commands. - cd msg_tracker - npm start # you can open iOS, Android, or web from here, or run them directly with the commands below. - npm run android - npm run ios # requires an iOS device or macOS for access to an iOS simulator - npm run web (base) E:\Workspace\react_native> (base) E:\Workspace\react_native>cd msg_tracker (base) E:\Workspace\react_native\msg_tracker>dir Volume in drive E is New Volume Volume Serial Number is 5086-28BA Directory of E:\Workspace\react_native\msg_tracker 12/22/2021 07:13 PM <DIR> . 12/22/2021 07:13 PM <DIR> .. 12/22/2021 07:11 PM <DIR> .expo-shared 10/26/1985 01:45 PM 119 .gitignore 10/26/1985 01:45 PM 454 App.js 12/22/2021 07:11 PM 654 app.json 12/22/2021 07:11 PM <DIR> assets 10/26/1985 01:45 PM 107 babel.config.js 12/22/2021 07:12 PM <DIR> node_modules 12/22/2021 07:13 PM 665,238 package-lock.json 12/22/2021 07:11 PM 537 package.json 6 File(s) 667,109 bytes 5 Dir(s) 579,593,072,640 bytes free (base) E:\Workspace\react_native\msg_tracker>type App.js import { StatusBar } from 'expo-status-bar'; import { StyleSheet, Text, View } from 'react-native'; export default function App() { return ( <View style={styles.container}> <Text>Open up App.js to start working on your app!</Text> <StatusBar style="auto" /> </View> ); } const styles = StyleSheet.create({ container: { flex: 1, backgroundColor: '#fff', alignItems: 'center', justifyContent: 'center', }, });Step 5: Starting the application with "$ expo start"
Before running "expo start", make sure that your Desktop and Phone are on same WiFi network, in my case it is Airtel-MyWiFi.(base) E:\Workspace\react_native\msg_tracker>expo start Starting project at E:\Workspace\react_native\msg_tracker Developer tools running on http://localhost:19002 Starting Metro Bundler ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄ █ ▄▄▄▄▄ █ ▀▀▄ ▄██ █ ▄▄▄▄▄ █ █ █ █ ███ ▄▄ ▄▄ █ █ █ █ █ █▄▄▄█ █ ▄▄ █ ██▄█ █▄▄▄█ █ █▄▄▄▄▄▄▄█ █ ▀ █▄▀ █▄▄▄▄▄▄▄█ █▄▄ ▀▀ ▄█ ██▀ ▀▄▄ ▄▄██ █ █ █ ▄█▄▀█▀█▄██▄▄██▀▄█▄▄█▄█ █▄█▄▀▀▄▄ ▀ █▄ █ █ ███▀ ▀█ █▄▄█▀██▄▀▄█ ▀ ▄ ▄█ ▄█▀▄█ █▄▄▄█▄▄▄█ ▀█▄▀ █ ▄▄▄ ▀█ █ █ ▄▄▄▄▄ █▀▄▄▄▄▄ █ █▄█ ██▀▄█ █ █ █ ██▀█ ██ ▄▄▄▄ ▀ ██ █ █▄▄▄█ █ ▄▄▄▄▄ ▀▀█ ▄██▄▄█ █▄▄▄▄▄▄▄█▄█▄▄██▄▄▄▄█▄▄███▄█ › Metro waiting on exp://192.168.1.102:19000 › Scan the QR code above with Expo Go (Android) or the Camera app (iOS) › Press a │ open Android › Press w │ open web › Press r │ reload app › Press m │ toggle menu › Press d │ show developer tools › shift+d │ toggle auto opening developer tools on startup (disabled) › Press ? │ show all commands Logs for your project will appear below. Press Ctrl+C to exit. Once you have scanned the QR code from phone, following logs will appear: Android Bundling complete 10901ms Android Running app on M2006C3LIApp Screenshots From Phone
Basics of Database Management System (by Yaju Gupta)
Contents
1. Data and Database 2. Database Schema and Instance of DB 3. Data View & Data Independence 4. Data base Management System 5. Purpose of Designing DBMS 6. Evolution of DBMS 7. Database Languages 8. Database User's & Its Administration 9. Structure of Database System and 10. Functionality of Various Components ~~~Data & Database :
Data : Collection of Facts and Statistics together regarding an Object or Case or Scenario. Information : Meaningful data. Database : A place of storing or maintaining data. Statistics : Statistical process output, that deal with finding new things/facts from existing one based on analyzing collections, organizations and presentations.Database Schema & Instance
DB Schema : Overall structure of database. Defined using Data Definition Language by Database Administrator . Instance of DB : Database state at a particular time. That can change with time. For Example :- Medical History database. ~~~Data View : Look and structure at different levels
Physical Level : How it is stored in file on Hard disk (Sequence of Blocks / Bytes). Logical Level : Overall logical structure of database, defined by administrator using Data Definition Language (DDL). View or User Level : The format in which user access the data , only of their concern. In terms of Records / Objects / View. Data Independence : Changes in the schema of database at any level , doesn't affect on the schema of any other level ~~~Database Management System
Collection of Inter-related data and set of programs which are used to access these data. Database is a part of DBMS.Purpose of Designing DBMS
To maintain a Information System for an enterprise . To provide secure and efficient access and management of data, and To provide end user with abstract view of data. In other word they don't need to know how to access data and how it is stored internally. ~~~Evolution of DBMS
To overcome the problems that occurs while maintaining information System (Database) of an Enterprise in terms of collection of Files (File Processing System). Disadvantages of using File Processing System : Data Access Problem Data Isolation Problem Data Redundancy & Inconsistency Problem Data Atomicity (Transaction Management) Problem Concurrent Access Anomalies Security Implementation Problem and Data Integrity Maintenance Problem (Domain, Entity, Validity and Referential Integrity) File Processing System : In FPS all the data related to an organization / enterprise are stored in different files based on format of data. To access different types of data from different files, there is a need of separate data access programs. As the size of data increases (In parallel additional data access programs are required) their management becomes difficult. ~~~ Database Languages : The languages which are used to access and manipulate data of database ( Database Interaction languages ) For Example : SQL ( Structured Query Language ), QUEL, Data log and QBE (Query by Example)Different Types of Database Languages
Query Lang. : Used to retrieve information from database Data Definition Lang. : Used to define logical structure of database (DDL) Data Manipulation Lang. : Used to update data in database (DML: Procedural and Non Procedural) Data Control Lang. : Used for Transaction Management (DCL) ~~~ Database User's : Based on the way of interaction with database, all users are classified into following four categories: Application User : Through an Application Sophisticated User : Direct using Query Language Naive User : Through Predefined Application Database Administrator : Through DDL Database Administration : To control the access of data and the programs to access data by different type of users. Functions of DB Administrator : Define & Change DB Logical Structure Describe & Change Storage structure of data Creation of Data access programs Granting authorization to user to access data ~~~Structure of DBMS
~~~Components of DBMS
Query Processor Components Storage Manager Components ( Operating System Functionality ) Disk Storage ( Where actual data and data access programs are stored ) Query Processor Components : DML Compiler , Embedded Pre DML Compiler , DDL Interpreter and Query Engine . Storage Manager Components : Buffer Manager , File Manager , Transaction Manager and Authorization and Integrity Manager . Disk Storage Contents : Data , Indices , Data Dictionary and Statistical Data . ~~~Functionality of Various Components :
Query Processor Components : Embedded Pre DML Compiler : To compile DML statements in Host Language Procedure Call . DML Compiler : To break a DML statement into small lower level instructions to be executed by Query Engine. DDL Interpreter : To break DDL statements into small lower level instructions . Query Engine : It execute lower level instructions by interacting on with various storage manager components depending on the task to be performed . Storage Manager Components : File Manager : Used to allocate space and define the structure of data to be stored on disk. Buffer Manager : Used to transfer data in between main memory and disk and decide data to be placed on Cache. Transaction Manager : To ensure proper execution of a Transaction ( Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability ) Authorization & Integrity Manager : To ensure correctness and completeness of data. And also to check that it can be accessed only by authorized user's. Disk Storage Contents : Data : Collection of Facts related to an Enterprise / Organization . Statistical Data : New data learned from existing data through statistical process ( Analysis of Collections , Organizations and Presentation of existing data sets ) . Used by DML Compiler for Query Optimization . Indices : Maintain for fast access of data, or to make search fast for required data . Data Dictionary : Hold the overall logical structure of database which is defined by database administrator using DDL . Credits: Yajuvendra Gupta
Idioms and Phrases 2021-Dec-22
Index of Word Meanings
1.
No one can taste an orange for you. (Idiom. British.)
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2.
The limbic system, also known as the paleomammalian cortex, is a set of brain structures located on both sides of the thalamus, immediately beneath the medial temporal lobe of the cerebrum primarily in the midbrain.
It supports a variety of functions including emotion, behavior, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction. Emotional life is largely housed in the limbic system, and it critically aids the formation of memories.
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3.
dig one's heels in
Fig. to refuse to alter one's course of action or opinions; to be obstinate or determined. The student dug her heels in and refused to obey the instructions.
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4.
cease-and-desist
adjective US • LAW
noun: cease-and-desist; noun: cease-and-desist order; plural noun: cease-and-desist orders
denoting a legally enforceable order from a court or government agency directing someone to stop engaging in a particular activity.
"they received a cease-and-desist order for conducting unlicensed property management activities"
denoting a cautionary notice detailing the sender's complaint of alleged wrongdoing by the recipient and threatening legal action if the offending activity is not stopped.
noun: cease-and-desist letter; plural noun: cease-and-desist letters
"she sent a cease-and-desist letter last July urging them to stop using the name"
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5.
All of the women begging me to dip my beak into them. - Aravind Adiga in 'The White Tiger'
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6.
tin ear
Noun. tin ear (plural tin ears) (idiomatic) Insensitivity to and inability to appreciate the elements of performed music or the rhythm, elegance, or nuances of language. (idiomatic) Insensitivity to the nuances of the current situation or the subtleties of a craft; indifference to somebody else's attitudes and moods.
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7.
up the ante. If you up the ante, you increase your demands or the risks in a situation in order to achieve a better result: The government has upped the ante by refusing to negotiate until a ceasefire has been agreed .
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8.
hard-nosed
INFORMAL
adjective: hard-nosed; adjective: hardnosed
realistic and determined; tough-minded.
"a hard-nosed businessman"
Similar:
tough-minded
unsentimental
down-to-earth
no-nonsense
hard-headed
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9.
fend for themselves:
to take care of and provide for yourself without depending on anyone else: Now that the children are old enough to fend for themselves, we can
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10.
bona fide
/ˌbəʊnə ˈfʌɪdi,ˌbəʊnə ˈfiːdeɪ/
adjective
adjective: bona fide; adjective: bonafide
genuine; real.
"she was a bona fide expert"
Similar:
authentic
genuine
real
true
actual
sterling
sound
legal
legitimate
lawful
valid
unadulterated
unalloyed
proper
straight
fair and square
honest-to-goodness
legit
pukka
on the level
the real McCoy
Opposite:
fake
bogus
adverbLAW
adverb: bona fide; adverb: bonafide
without intention to deceive.
"the court will assume that they have acted bona fide"
Origin
Latin, literally ‘with good faith’, ablative singular of bona fides.
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11.
long pull :
a lot of effort to achieve something over a long period of time. It's been a long pull, but I'm through those exams.
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